另类元素周期表

为帮助学生理解元素排列规律,综述了长式、螺旋式和三维式元素周期表,讨论了各自的优缺点和辅助教学作用.介绍的周期表在提高学生学习兴趣,开阔学生眼界,培养学生创造性思维和想象力等方面有重要的参考价值.     

模拟酸雨对土荆芥生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响

以入侵植物土荆芥为研究材料,同属植物藜作为对照,研究在不同pH值的模拟酸雨处理下,土荆芥生长及抗氧化酶活性的变化.结果表明:土荆芥根受到的影响最为严重,根质量比和根冠比随模拟酸雨pH值的减小显著下降,而叶和茎受到的影响不大.随着模拟酸雨胁迫程度的加深,SOD活性呈上升趋势,CAT活性呈下降趋势,POD活性则表现为先升后降,呈单峰曲线型变化.藜的生长变化与土荆芥相似;而酶活性中,SOD活性变化与土荆芥一致,CAT和POD活性均具有不同的变化趋势.藜对当地的酸雨已具有一定的适应性,但强酸雨条件下土荆芥比藜具有更高的适应能力.     

二乙酰丙酮铜催化下无溶剂法合成2,5-二溴-3,4-二((辛氧基)甲基)噻吩[2,3-b]并噻吩

以2,5-二溴-3,4-二甲基噻吩[2,3-b]并噻吩和正辛醇为原料,在二乙酰丙酮铜作催化剂和无溶剂条件下,合成了未见文献报道的产物2,5-二溴-3,4-二((辛氧基)甲基)噻吩[2,3-b]并噻吩,探讨了影响反应的各种因素,并找到了较好的合成条件.     

喜鹊在山地次生林中鸟类群落组织结构形成的作用

通过山地次生林鸟类群落组织结构的研究,表明喜鹊在鸟类群落组织形成中是关键类群之一.关键类群是通过巢地资源的被利用来实现的.5年中,利用喜鹊巢繁殖的鸟类达5种,利用率为25%~40.7%.     

Monopulse instantaneous 3D imaging for wideband radar system

To avoid the complicated motion compensation in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture(InISAR)and achieve realtime three-dimensional(3 D)imaging,a novel approach for 3 D imaging of the target only using a single echo is presented.This method is based on an isolated scatterer model assumption,thus the scatterers in the beam can be extracted individually.The radial range of each scatterer is estimated by the maximal likelihood estimation.Then,the horizontal and vertical wave path difference is derived by using the phase comparison technology for each scatterer,respectively.Finally,by utilizing the relationship among the 3 D coordinates,the radial range,the horizontal and vertical wave path difference,the 3 D image of the target can be reconstructed.The reconstructed image is free from the limitation in InISAR that the image plane depends on the target's own motions and on its relative position with respect to the radar.Furthermore,a phase ambiguity resolution method is adopted to ensure the success of the 3 D imaging when phase ambiguity occurs.It can be noted that the proposed phase ambiguity resolution method only uses one antenna pair and does not require a priori knowledge,whereas the existing phase ambiguity methods may require two or more antenna pairs or a priori knowledge for phase unwarping.To evaluate the performance of the proposed method,the theoretical analyses on estimation accuracy are presented and the simulations in various scenarios are also carried out.     

“比较文字学”术语的早期使用

过去认为“比较文字学”名称最早由林柷敔在1937年提出,但实际上胡适1923年起草《新学制课程标准纲要:高级中学第一组必修的特设国文课程纲要》时就已经提到了“比较文字学”。1928年贺昌群翻译《文字的起源》一文时也使用了这一名称,而林柷敔撰写《比较文字学浅识》时参考了贺昌群的文章。但林柷敔是第一个详细论述“比较文字学”内涵的学者。     

The emerging link between O-GlcNAcylation and neurological disorders

O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is involved in the regulation of many cellular cascades and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and stroke. In the brain, the expression of O-GlcNAcylation is notably heightened, as is that of O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (OGT) and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA), the presence of which is prominent in many regions of neurological importance. Most importantly, O-GlcNAcylation is believed to contribute to the normal functioning of neurons; conversely, its dysregulation participates in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. In neurodegenerative diseases, O-GlcNAcylation of the brain’s key proteins, such as tau and amyloid-β, interacts with their phosphorylation, thereby triggering the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. An increase of O-GlcNAcylation by pharmacological intervention prevents neuronal loss. Additionally, O-GlcNAcylation is stress sensitive, and its elevation is cytoprotective. Increased O-GlcNAcylation ameliorated brain damage in victims of both trauma-hemorrhage and stroke. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of O-GlcNAcylation’s physiological and pathological roles in the nervous system and provide a foundation for development of a therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders.     

改进的多方向融合图像插值算法

为了解决数字图像插值过程中出现的边缘模糊和锯齿现象,提出一种改进的多方向融合图像插值算法.该算法将图像分为平坦区域和边缘区域,平坦区域采用双线性插值算法进行插值,边缘区域采用多方向融合算法进行插值.实验结果表明,该算法运算复杂度小,其结果在主观视觉效果和客观指标方面都有很大的改善,且适用于任意倍数的插值放大.     

基于DWT和DCT数字图像鲁棒水印算法

基于离散小波变换和离散余弦变换,利用混沌系统的优良特性,提出一种新的变换域水印算法.水印嵌入时,首先将宿主图像进行小波变换后选取中频区域,再进行DCT变换,根据水印图像大小进行分块嵌入水印算法在保证不可见性的前提下,最大程度的保证了水印算法的鲁棒性.仿真实验表明,算法在多种攻击下表现出良好的鲁棒性,具有一定的实用意义.     

Internet路由前缀宣告的特征挖掘与分析

基于大量的历史BGP路由表快照,对BGP路由宣告信息进行深度挖掘.提出了前缀宣告稳定性度量方法,验证了绝大多数路由宣告是稳定的,历史上发生的路由劫持事件都是瞬时的(不具备稳定性);设计了前缀宣告的相似性测度算法,对大量历史BGP路由宣告进行了分析,结果表明大多数大型AS宣告的路由前缀具有自相似性,即,同一个AS宣告的多个路由前缀有一定的连续性.基于以上两个特征,从历史路由信息中可进一步提取前缀宣告的可信集,构造BGP路由宣告的可信知识库,为后续的路由前缀劫持检测和路由安全监测提供依据.