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401.
新疆植物物种多样性的特点分析 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
新疆土地面积占全国1/6,约164.68万km2,位于欧亚大陆腹地,景观与地形复杂,气候变化明显,植物种质资源特殊。新疆高等植物4081种(包括229亚种、变种与变型),隶属于161科877属,新疆植物多样性的特点如下:1)单种科、单种属及寡种属丰富,分别为80科、374属及315属。2)短命及类短命植物丰富,已知的有232种,隶属于27科114属,主要分布于准噶尔盆地边缘。3)新疆特有种稀少,但中国、塔什库尔干、天山、阿尔泰山、昆仑山及帕米尔高原的特有种特别丰富。4)近50年以来,发表的新疆新分类群较多,有360余种。5)中国仅分布于新疆的植物有1773种,其中100种以上的科有4科(豆科,伞形科,菊科,禾本科),总数为622种;80种以上的科也有4科,总数为331种。最后,对新疆极端环境下的植物种质资源及栽培植物的野生近缘种的保护问题提出了几点建议。 相似文献
402.
美东地区的罗德河流域遭受着严重的酸沉降侵蚀.在酸性条件下,铝从土壤中大量溶解并迁移到水环境中.地表水中升高的铝浓度对鱼类产生毒害,监测地表水和土壤水中的铝形态及浓度变化已成为问题的关键.本文报导了用化学平衡模式计算法分析美东地区罗德河流域地下水中的铝形态分布,获得了有价值的结论 相似文献
403.
超滤法具有高产率、低成本、容易放大等显著优点,但其低选择性一直限制其在生物蛋白制品的分级和纯化中的应用。本文总结和分析了超滤法用于蛋白质分级和纯化的近期研究成果,对其低选择性的原因进行了分析,提出并论证了提高超滤选择性的技术途径。 相似文献
404.
A massive phytoplankton bloom induced by an ecosystem-scale iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean 总被引:70,自引:0,他引:70
Coale KH Johnson KS Fitzwater SE Gordon RM Tanner S Chavez FP Ferioli L Sakamoto C Rogers P Millero F Steinberg P Nightingale P Cooper D Cochlan WP Landry MR Constantinou J Rollwagen G Trasvina A Kudela R 《Nature》1996,383(6600):495-501
The seeding of an expanse of surface waters in the equatorial Pacific Ocean with low concentrations of dissolved iron triggered a massive phytoplankton bloom which consumed large quantities of carbon dioxide and nitrate that these microscopic plants cannot fully utilize under natural conditions. These and other observations provide unequivocal support for the hypothesis that phytoplankton growth in this oceanic region is limited by iron bioavailability. 相似文献
405.
Insect motion detectors matched to visual ecology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To detect motion, primates, birds and insects all use local detectors to correlate signals sampled at one location in the image with those sampled after a delay at adjacent locations. These detectors can adapt to high image velocities by shortening the delay. To investigate whether they use long delays for detecting low velocities, we compared motion-sensitive neurons in ten species of fast-flying insects, some of which encounter low velocities while hovering. Neurons of bee-flies and hawkmoths, which hover, are tuned to lower temporal frequencies than those of butterflies and bumblebees, which do not. Tuning to low frequencies indicates longer delays and extends sensitivity to lower velocities. Hoverflies retain fast temporal tuning but use their high spatial acuity for sensing low-velocity motion. Thus an unexpectedly wide range of spatio-temporal tuning matches motion detection to visual ecology. 相似文献
406.
通过对二战后世界经济发展的回顾与分析,论述了技术革命与全球化和在此进程中产生的问题:“精简”,以及由此带来的社会影响。介绍了西方国家学者关于解决上述问题的不同建议和主张,进而提出了自己的观点和对策。 相似文献
407.
S. F. Wang J. C. Braekman D. Daloze J. Pasteels P. Soetens N. V. Handjieva P. Kalushkov 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1996,52(6):628-630
The isolation of N-quinaldyl-L-arginine·HCl (1) from the CoccinellidaeSubcoccinella-24-punctata is reported. The structure, first established on the basis of the analysis of the spectral properties of1, has been confirmed by synthesis. The alkaloid is of endogenous origin and markedly deterrent to ants. 相似文献
408.
Molecular evidence for increased hematopoietic proliferation in the spleen of the b/b laboratory rat
S. Savković S. Pavlović T. Mitrović M. Joksimović J. Marjanović V. Glišin Z. Popović 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1996,52(8):807-811
The splenomegaly and the appearance of a significant number of CFU-E (erythroid colony-forming units) and BFU-E1 (erythroid burst-forming units) in the Belgrade laboratory rat (b/b) spleen prompted us to analyse further the molecular evidence for increased hematopoietic proliferation in the b/b spleen. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) specific for globins, proteins for iron transport and deposition and the band 3 protein were used in rat erythropoietic tissues as markers for proliferation and erythroid differentiation. In the b/b spleen, all mRNAs analysed display an erythroid-specific pattern of expression. This analysis also revealed an enhanced level of mRNA for ferritin in the +/b spleen, whereas erythrocyte-specific mRNA production was normal. 相似文献
409.
Proteins enter the secretory pathway by two general routes. In one, the complete polypeptide is made in the cytoplasm and held in an incompletely folded state by chaperoning adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) such as hsp70. InSaccharomyces cerevisiae, fully synthesized secretory precursors engage the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by interaction with a set of Sec proteins comprising the polypeptide translocation apparatus (Sec61p, Sec62p, Sec63p, Sec71p, Sec72p). Productive interaction requires displacement of hsp70 from the precursor, a reaction that is facilitated by Ydj1p, a homologue of theEscherichia coli DnaJ protein. Both DnaJ and Ydj1p regulate chaperone activity by stimulating the ATPase activity of their respective hsp70 partners (E. coli DnaK andS. cerevisiae Ssa1p, resepectively). In the ER lumen, another hsp70 chaperone, BiP, binds ATP and interacts with the ER membrane via its contact with a peptide loop of Sec63p. This loop represents yet another DnaJ homologue in that it contains a region of 70 residue similarity to the J box, the most conserved region of the DnaJ family of proteins. In the presence of ATP, under conditions in which BiP can bind to Sec63p, the secretory precursor passes from the cytosol into the lumen through a membrane channel formed by Sec61 p. A second route to the membrane pore that is used by many other secretory precursors, particularly in mammalian cells, requires that the polypeptide engage the ER membrane as the nascent chain emerges from the ribosome. Such cotranslational translocation bypasses the need for certain Sec proteins, instead utilizing an alternate set of cytosolic and membrane factors that allows the nascent chain to be inserted directly into the Sec61p channel. 相似文献
410.
Antiviral activities of anthraquinones,bianthrones and hypericin derivatives from lichens 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
P. A. Cohen J. B. Hudson G. H. N. Towers 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1996,52(2):180-183
The antiviral activities of some naturally occurring anthraquinones bianthrones, and hypericin derivatives were compared by the end-point CPE (viral cytopathic effects) method and plaque assays. Under optimal conditions of exposure to light, hypericin, 7,7-dichlorohypericin and 5,7-dichloroemodin exhibited strong inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus type 1) in both assays. Partial inactivation of the virus was shown by emodin, 7-chloroemodin and 7-chloro-1-O-methylemodin; the bianthrones and other anthraquinones were found to be inactive. Antiviral activity appeared to be, positively correlated with increasing substitution of chlorine in the anthraquinone structure. In the absence of light, only hypericin and 7,7-dichlorohypericin displayed detectable activity. 相似文献