首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   33377篇
  免费   154篇
  国内免费   270篇
系统科学   496篇
丛书文集   477篇
教育与普及   96篇
理论与方法论   158篇
现状及发展   12479篇
研究方法   1408篇
综合类   17839篇
自然研究   848篇
  2014年   203篇
  2013年   489篇
  2012年   735篇
  2011年   1575篇
  2010年   501篇
  2009年   401篇
  2008年   814篇
  2007年   937篇
  2006年   963篇
  2005年   862篇
  2004年   716篇
  2003年   597篇
  2002年   606篇
  2001年   1048篇
  2000年   1076篇
  1999年   679篇
  1992年   553篇
  1991年   469篇
  1990年   493篇
  1989年   480篇
  1988年   459篇
  1987年   450篇
  1986年   443篇
  1985年   513篇
  1984年   457篇
  1983年   371篇
  1982年   351篇
  1981年   331篇
  1980年   396篇
  1979年   922篇
  1978年   726篇
  1977年   748篇
  1976年   535篇
  1975年   626篇
  1974年   917篇
  1973年   757篇
  1972年   765篇
  1971年   907篇
  1970年   1066篇
  1969年   849篇
  1968年   837篇
  1967年   839篇
  1966年   775篇
  1965年   550篇
  1959年   274篇
  1958年   438篇
  1957年   334篇
  1956年   241篇
  1955年   254篇
  1954年   238篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Submarine hot springs and the origin of life   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Miller SL  Bada JL 《Nature》1988,334(6183):609-611
The discovery of hydrothermal vents at oceanic ridge crests and the appreciation of their importance in the element balance of the oceans is one of the main recent advances in marine geochemistry. It is likely that vents were present in the oceans of the primitive Earth because the process of hydrothermal circulation probably began early in the Earth's history. Here we examine the popular hypothesis that life arose in these vents. This proposal, however, is based on a number of misunderstandings concerning the organic chemistry involved. An example is the suggestion that organic compounds were destroyed on the surface of the early Earth by the impact of asteroids and comets, but at the same time assuming that organic syntheses can occur in hydrothermal vents. The high temperatures in the vents would not allow synthesis of organic compounds, but would decompose them, unless the exposure time at vent temperatures was short. Even if the essential organic molecules were available in the hot hydrothermal waters, the subsequent steps of polymerization and the conversion of these polymers into the first organisms would not occur as the vent waters were quenched to the colder temperatures of the primitive oceans.  相似文献   
102.
103.
Summary Insulin stimulation of glycogen synthesis was nearly abolished in hepatoma cells shortly treated with 4 ß-phorbol 12 \-myristate, 13 -acetate (protein kinase C activation) but remained unmodified in cells chronically treated with the phorbol ester (protein kinase C depletion). Thus, although exogenous activation of protein kinase C results in an inhibition of insulin action, protein kinase C depletion has no influence on this process. The results suggest that, in hepatoma cells, no endogenous activation of protein kinase C may occur in response to the signal triggered by insulin.  相似文献   
104.
Summary The profile of action in animals of CQP 201-403, a novel 8-amino-ergoline, is in most aspects that of a very potent dopaminomimetic, both as a prolactin secretion inhibitor, and at the levels of the CNS and the cardiovascular system. Qualitatively CQP 201-403 differs slightly from bromocriptine and apomorphine in its effects on the CNS (no influence on serotonin metabolism in the rat cortex; induction of masculine mounting behavior in rats) and the cardiovascular system of the dog (reflex tachycardia in response to a blood-pressure fall). In man the new compound proved to be highly active in lowering prolactin serum levels and to be more potent than bromocriptine (Parlodel®).In memory of Dr Annemarie Closse, who died 14 June 1987.  相似文献   
105.
The murine Elo (eye lens obsolescence) mutation confers a dominant phenotype characterized by malformation of the eye lens. The mutation maps to chromosome 1, in close proximity to the gamma E-crystallin gene which is the 3'-most member of the gamma-crystallin gene cluster. We have analysed the sequence of this gene from the Elo mouse and identified a single nucleotide deletion which destroys the fourth and last "Greek key" motif of the protein. This mutation is tightly associated with the phenotype, as no recombination was detected in 274 meioses. In addition, the mutant mRNA is present in the affected lens, providing further support for our hypothesis that the deletion is responsible for the dominant Elo phenotype.  相似文献   
106.
Both in vivo and in vitro models have certain disadvantages for the study of the chronic hepatotoxicity of drugs. The aim of this work was to evaluate a new approach based on an in vivo/in vitro model. After chronic in vivo treatment of rats with Vincamine and Vindeburnol (an eburnamenine derivative which exhibits hepatotoxic properties in man) liver cells were isolated, and functional and metabolic disorders (metabolic utilization of fructose and protein biosynthesis) were studied to determine injury. The results showed no modification of blood parameters, but a direct relationship between the dose of Vindeburnol administered in vivo and the metabolic disorders observed in vitro, evidencing the high sensitivity and reliability of this model.  相似文献   
107.
Summary Under the action of the appropriate synthase from ripe tomatoes a 11 mixture of (3S, 4R)-[3,4-2H2] and (3R, 4S)-[3,4-2H2]-(2S)-adenosylmethionine is transformed into a 11 mixture of the two meso forms of [2H2]-1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, a result which proves the operation of an inversion mechanism and which is consistent with direct nucleophilic displacement of the leaving group in the substrate.  相似文献   
108.
Summary A technique to assay erythrocyte pyrimidine 5-nucleotidase activity in situ using31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is presented. The assay is chemically specific, simple and applicable to untreated lysates. A comparison of enzyme levels in normal controls and in multiple sclerosis patients employing the assay yielded no significant differences between both groups. Difficulties encountered in the quantitative analysis of the assay using1H-NMR spectroscopy are briefly discussed.  相似文献   
109.
Conclusion Current enological research does not aim at developing technological wines whose organoleptic characteristics are basically determined by the methods used in the transformation of grape wine, but rather to refine methods which will highlight the original qualities of different cultivars and viticultural conditions.  相似文献   
110.
The median procedure for n-trees   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
Let (X,d) be a metric space The functionM:X k 2 x defined by is the minimum } is called themedian procedure and has been found useful in various applications involving the notion of consensus Here we present axioms that characterizeM whenX is a certain class of trees (hierarchical classifications), andd is the symmetric difference metricWe would like to thank the referees and Editor for helpful comments  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号