钢-铝固液相复合板界面层厚度建模

采用人工神经网络方法建立了钢－铝固液相复合中助焊剂质量分数,铝液温度,模具温度,压力与界面层厚度间的关系型,并结合最大剪切强度的复合工艺参数得出了钢－铝固液相压力复合的最佳界面界厚度的１０．０μｍ。     

小黑杨扦插苗生长规律的研究

采用定点连续观测方法,进一步探索了小黑杨扦插苗生长过程的连续性与阶段性的关系．结果表明,在齐嫩地区,小黑杨的苗高、地径、根系生长均可明显地划分为连生前期、速生期、速生后期3个阶段,并定量地确定了各阶段出现的具体时间和生产比例．为生产单位及时有效地加强苗期管理提供了理论依据．     

载波端机特性自动测试简述

载波通信是铁路长途通信的重要通信手段之一。为进一步提高通信质量和维护效率,对载波机特性采用自动测试的方法是势在必行的。受铁道部电务局的委托,我们于1985年8月开始研制自动测试仪的性能样机。本文首先给出了总体组成方框。进而简述了各硬件部分和软件的基本原理。最后对比人工测试的方法,论述了本仪器的特点:①体积小,造价低廉;②能自动测数、自动数据处理;③有自检功能;④提高了测试精度;⑤仪器具有可扩展性。     

彗—木相撞辐射引力波的估算

选用一合理的模型，估算了１９９４年７月发生的彗（ＳＬ９）—木相撞辐射引力波的强度和功率．所得结果表明引力辐射强度远低于目前引力波检测装置所达到的灵敏度．计算过程与所得结果富有启发性     

逆合成孔径雷达成像技术的研究

逆合成孔径雷达（ＩＳＡＲ）成像是微波成像技术中一个较新的课题。本文通过研究ＩＳＡＲ成像处理算法，提出了解决运动补偿中距离对准精度的新方法，对实际飞行所录取数据进行了成像处理。     

Colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures with linear and branched topology

The development of colloidal quantum dots has led to practical applications of quantum confinement, such as in solution-processed solar cells, lasers and as biological labels. Further scientific and technological advances should be achievable if these colloidal quantum systems could be electronically coupled in a general way. For example, this was the case when it became possible to couple solid-state embedded quantum dots into quantum dot molecules. Similarly, the preparation of nanowires with linear alternating compositions--another form of coupled quantum dots--has led to the rapid development of single-nanowire light-emitting diodes and single-electron transistors. Current strategies to connect colloidal quantum dots use organic coupling agents, which suffer from limited control over coupling parameters and over the geometry and complexity of assemblies. Here we demonstrate a general approach for fabricating inorganically coupled colloidal quantum dots and rods, connected epitaxially at branched and linear junctions within single nanocrystals. We achieve control over branching and composition throughout the growth of nanocrystal heterostructures to independently tune the properties of each component and the nature of their interactions. Distinct dots and rods are coupled through potential barriers of tuneable height and width, and arranged in three-dimensional space at well-defined angles and distances. Such control allows investigation of potential applications ranging from quantum information processing to artificial photosynthesis.     

AC2 and AC4 proteins of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tobacco curly shoot virus</Emphasis> mediate suppression of RNA silencing

Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus Y10 isolate (TYLCCNV-Y10) alone could systemically infect host plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana without symptoms. In contrast, Tobacco curly shoot virus Y35 isolate (TbCSV-Y35) alone induces leaf curl symptoms in N. benthamiana. When inoculated into transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing GFP gene (line 16c), TYLCCNV-Y10 neither reverses the established GFP silencing nor blocks the onset of GFP silencing. In contrast, TbCSV-Y35 can partially reverse the established GFP silencing and block the onset of GFP silencing in new leaves. In the patch co-infiltration assays, the AC2 and AC4 proteins of TYLCCNV-Y10 and TbCSV-Y35 could suppress local GFP silencing and delay systemic GFP silencing, suggesting that they are suppressors of RNA silencing. Comparison of the accumulation levels of GFP mRNA in the co-infiltration patches showed that Y10 AC2 and Y35 AC2 proteins had similar efficiency for suppression of RNA silencing. However, Y35 AC4 protein functioned as a stronger suppressor of RNA silencing than Y10 AC4 protein. There-fore, the pathogenicity difference between TbCSV-Y35 and TYLCCNV-Y10 may be related to the functional difference in their AC4 proteins.     

信息技术在基因组和蛋白质组研究中的应用

本文综述了信息技术在生物学研究前沿领域,特别是基因组和蛋白质组研究方面的应用,重点展示生物信息技术在信息交流手段、基因克隆与定位、核酸和蛋白质序列分析、空间结构预测和蛋白质功能研究方面的具体运用方法,拓展了生物技术概念的内涵与外延。     

Excitatory glycine receptors containing the NR3 family of NMDA receptor subunits

The N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptor (NMDAR) serves critical functions in physiological and pathological processes in the central nervous system, including neuronal development, plasticity and neurodegeneration. Conventional heteromeric NMDARs composed of NR1 and NR2A-D subunits require dual agonists, glutamate and glycine, for activation. They are also highly permeable to Ca2+, and exhibit voltage-dependent inhibition by Mg2+. Coexpression of NR3A with NR1 and NR2 subunits modulates NMDAR activity. Here we report the cloning and characterization of the final member of the NMDAR family, NR3B, which shares high sequence homology with NR3A. From in situ and immunocytochemical analyses, NR3B is expressed predominantly in motor neurons, whereas NR3A is more widely distributed. Remarkably, when co-expressed in Xenopus oocytes, NR3A or NR3B co-assembles with NR1 to form excitatory glycine receptors that are unaffected by glutamate or NMDA, and inhibited by D-serine, a co-activator of conventional NMDARs. Moreover, NR1/NR3A or -3B receptors form relatively Ca2+-impermeable cation channels that are resistant to Mg2+, MK-801, memantine and competitive antagonists. In cerebrocortical neurons containing NR3 family members, glycine triggers a burst of firing, and membrane patches manifest glycine-responsive single channels that are suppressible by D-serine. By itself, glycine is normally thought of as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. In contrast, these NR1/NR3A or -3B 'NMDARs' constitute a type of excitatory glycine receptor.     

比喻义的训释与比喻义的形成--《现代汉语词典》比喻义计量研究之一

运用计量统计的方法,分析了<现代汉语词典>(1983年版)中2488条比喻义的释义特点及所反映的词义性质.概括出了六种释义类型,反映出两种不同性质的比喻义固定比喻义与语境比喻义.固定比喻义是指已经凝固为稳定词义成分的比喻义,已成为词典释义中的一部分.语境比喻义是指靠具体上下文来显示的比喻义,以例句的形式来体现.<现代汉语词典>对比喻义的处理方法在词汇学与词典学有着独到的贡献再现了词义形成、稳定的过程;扩大了规范语文词典反映语言事实的范围,加强了语文词典的"引导"功能;丰富了词典的编纂技巧,完善了语文词典的表现手段.