Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla development

Fungiform taste papillae form a regular array on the dorsal tongue. Taste buds arise from papilla epithelium and, unusually for epithelial derivatives, synapse with neurons, release neurotransmitters and generate receptor and action potentials. Despite the importance of taste as one of our five senses, genetic analyses of taste papilla and bud development are lacking. We demonstrate that Wnt-beta-catenin signaling is activated in developing fungiform placodes and taste bud cells. A dominant stabilizing mutation of epithelial beta-catenin causes massive overproduction of enlarged fungiform papillae and taste buds. Likewise, genetic deletion of epithelial beta-catenin or inhibition of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling by ectopic dickkopf1 (Dkk1) blocks initiation of fungiform papilla morphogenesis. Ectopic papillae are innervated in the stabilizing beta-catenin mutant, whereas ectopic Dkk1 causes absence of lingual epithelial innervation. Thus, Wnt-beta-catenin signaling is critical for fungiform papilla and taste bud development. Altered regulation of this pathway may underlie evolutionary changes in taste papilla patterning.     

CCD精密测量系统及其数字信号处理

介绍了ＣＣＤ精密测量系统中的信号采集和处理的工作原理,阐述了测量系统和数字信号处理芯片（ＤＳＰ芯片）在系统中的工作原理,同时还介绍了测量系统的软件工作过程。文中概要介绍了ＣＣＤ器件的工作原理和ＣＣＤ器件用于测量中的特点。通过本文,我们可以了解到ＣＣＤ精密测量系统中ＤＳＰ芯片的作用。     

Triazolotriazine-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for highly efficient fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (TSF-OLEDs)

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitized fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (TSF-OLEDs) have shown great potential for the realization ...     

小陇山林区植物源农药开发及应用前景

植物源农药因具有高效、低毒、低残留、与环境和谐、开发费用低等特点,符合现代环保和健康的要求而越来越引起人们高度重视。通过对小陇山林区植物源农药资源的调查,发现具杀虫、杀菌活性和开发潜力的植物有60多种,表明小陇山林区植物源农药具有广阔的开发和应用前景。     

Parallel Optimization of the Crystal-KMC on Tianhe-2

The Kinetic Monte Carlo(KMC) is one of the commonly used methods for simulating radiation damage of materials. Our team develops a parallel KMC software named Crystal-KMC, which supports the Embedded Atom Method(EAM) potential energy and utilizes the Message Passing Interface(MPI) technology to simulate the vacancy transition of the Copper(Cu) element under neutron radiation. To make better use of the computing power of modern supercomputers, we develop the parallel efficiency optimization model for the Crystal-KMC on Tianhe-2, to achieve a larger simulation of the damage process of materials under irradiation environment. Firstly, we analyze the performance bottleneck of the Crystal-KMC software and use the MIC offload statement to implement the operation of key modules of the software on the MIC coprocessor. We use Open MP to develop parallel optimization for the Crystal-KMC, combined with existing MPI inter-process communication optimization, finally achieving hybrid parallel optimization. The experimental results show that in the single-node CPU and MIC collaborative parallel mode, the speedup of the calculation hotspot reaches 30.1, and the speedup of the overall software reaches 7.43.     

An MPI+OpenACC-Based PRM Scalar Advection Scheme in the GRAPES Model over a Cluster with Multiple CPUs and GPUs

A moisture advection scheme is an essential module of a numerical weather/climate model representing the horizontal transport of water vapor. The Piecewise Rational Method(PRM) scalar advection scheme in the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System(GRAPES) solves the moisture flux advection equation based on PRM. Computation of the scalar advection involves boundary exchange, and computation of higher bandwidth requirements is complicated and time-consuming in GRAPES. Recently, Graphic...     

温度对CaO2强化剩余污泥厌氧水解，酸化的影响

本文探究了温度对CaO_2强化剩余污泥厌氧水解,酸化的影响。实验结果表明在15~35℃,随着温度的升高,污泥厌氧反应体系中水解和酸化得到加强,且VFA和甲烷的最大积累量分别为3 120 mg/L和196 m L。当温度进一步提高至55℃时,水解反应得到强化,但是过高的温度限制了厌氧微生物对溶解性蛋白质和多糖的利用,进而导致VFA的积累量较少。因此35℃是CaO_2强化剩余污泥水解和酸化的最佳温度。     

聚脲甲醛-生物油微胶囊的研制及性能探究

为研究微胶囊对沥青路面微裂纹的愈合效果,首先利用聚脲甲醛(作为微胶囊壁)和生物油(作为微胶囊心)采用原位聚合法制备微胶囊,采用扫描/透射电子显微镜(SEM/TEM)和热重分析(TGA)探究微胶囊的外观形貌和热稳定性;然后将微胶囊用于制备微胶囊/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(Microcapsule/SBS)复合改性沥青,通过动态剪切流变仪(DSR)和离析试验探究微胶囊的掺加对复合改性沥青路面性能的影响;最后通过延度愈合率试验验证微胶囊的愈合效果,并结合宏微观试验分析其愈合机理。结果表明：微胶囊呈现类球状,且表面较为粗糙,增大了与沥青的接触面积。微胶囊的热稳定性较好,其囊壁可承受沥青混合料生产过程中的高温环境。随着微胶囊的添加,复合改性沥青的低温塑性和耐热性均有所改善。此外,复合改性沥青的储能模量和损失模量也有所提升,即微胶囊的添加提升了SBS改性沥青的黏弹性能,这可能是由于添加的微胶囊与SBS和基质沥青具有很好的相容性,且微胶囊均匀分散在沥青内部并嵌入SBS呈现的网状结构中,这也在离析试验和荧光显微试验中得以证实。当微胶囊的掺量为0.4%时,复合改性沥青的愈合率达到最高。     

海南岛西部近岸海域碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年代学物源示踪及其地质意义

海南岛西部近岸海域海砂资源丰富、经济价值巨大,对其物质来源却缺乏系统研究。为解决这一科学问题,对海南岛西部近岸海域和昌化江入海口1 471粒碎屑锆石开展了U-Pb同位素年代学和微区元素地球化学研究。海南岛西部近岸海域年龄范围在3.45 Ga~82 Ma,具有99 Ma、241 Ma和252 Ma三个主要年龄峰值,以及113 Ma、155 Ma、325 Ma和357 Ma四个次要年龄峰值;昌化江入海口具有2.3 Ga~96 Ma的年龄范围,存在101 Ma、244 Ma和254 Ma三个主要年龄峰值,以及122 Ma、266 Ma、281 Ma、307 Ma和342 Ma四个次要年龄峰值。研究表明:①海南岛西部近岸海域沉积物以具有~99 Ma的显著年龄峰,并缺乏晋宁期、加里东期和喜山期年龄峰为识别标志,海南岛应是其主要物源区;②海南岛西部近岸海域与昌化江沉积物年龄峰值的差异,指示了海南岛西部近岸海域沉积物并非单纯来源于昌化江输入,也接受了琼西南部河流的物源贡献;③本次新识别出的380~310 Ma年龄群,可作为昌化江流域物源识别标志;④本次碎屑锆石年龄频谱特征与海南岛经历的多次重要地质事件相吻合,有助于了解海南岛复杂的地质演化历史。     

横向滑坡载荷作用下埋地PE管道的损伤数值模拟

埋地燃气输送管道服役环境复杂,其中滑坡地质灾害严重威胁管道的服役安全。本文以埋地聚乙烯(PE)管道为研究对象,利用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了横向滑坡载荷作用下的管道损伤行为,探讨了滑坡参数(滑坡体位移量)、管道埋深以及内压对PE管力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:滑坡作用下埋地PE管最大偏移、最大Mises应力和最大主应变均位于管轴向横截对称面上。管道最大Mises应力随滑坡位移量的增大而增大,管底为管道最终屈服点,屈服主要原因为管横截面被压扁变形。管道未屈服时,最大Mises应力随内压的增大呈现先减小后增大的现象,最大主应变随内压的增大而增大。最大Mises应力和最大主应变均随埋深的增大而增大。