基于零空间l1范数最小化的ISAR成像方法

在目标场景散射率分布满足稀疏性假设下,压缩感知(compressive sensing, CS)成像与传统距离-多普勒成像方法相比,可以使用很少的数据获得良好的图像,图像对比度高,没有旁瓣干扰。本文提出了一种基于零空间l₁范数最小化的逆合成孔径雷达(inverse synthetic aperture radar, ISAR) CS成像方法。从解欠定方程组的角度,将待重建目标图像分解为初猜值与残余值两部分。首先使用加权最小二乘(weighted lease square, WLS)法估计初猜值,作为目标初像；然后将待重建目标场景散射率的l₁范数作为额外的一个非线性测量值引入到图像重建中,在卡尔曼滤波框架下,利用非线性“伪测量”值,最小化待重建目标场景的l₁范数来估计零空间中残余值的解。实测ISAR数据处理验证了所提算法的有效性。与正交匹配追踪算法(matching pursuit algorithm, OMP)和primal-dual l₁范数最小化方法相比,所提方法获得的成像效果更好,成像时间比primal-dual l₁范数最小化方法更短。     

Re-examining the impact of European astronomy in seventeenth-century China: a study of Xue Fengzuo’s system of thought and his integration of Chinese and Western knowledge

ABSTRACT

During the late Ming and early Qing period, Jesuit missionaries introduced European science into China, and thereby profoundly influenced the later development of Chinese astronomy. Not only did European astronomy become the official system of the Qing dynasty, but the traditional way to ‘attain up above’ by connecting the study of astronomy and Yi learning gradually fell into disuse. However, the astronomers in this period expressed different views on these two processes. As one of the most important early Qing astronomers, Xue Fengzuo’s case presents a distinctive and important example. Firstly, under the influences of both Chinese tradition and European science, Xue Fengzuo rebuilt the way to ‘attain up above’ based on his three-fold ‘calendrical learning’, i.e. calendrical astronomy, astrology and related pragmatic applications, through which he could realize the highest Confucian ideal. Secondly, he integrated Chinese and Western knowledge for all three aspects of his ‘calendrical learning’, instead of ceding the dominant position to Western methods. From Xue Fengzuo’s example, many of the complex effects of the encounter between different cultures and the process of knowledge transfer can be revealed.     

循环负荷处理对纤维力学性能的影响

本文对循环负荷处理前后的锦纶、丙纶和粘胶长丝的力学性能进行了测定,并讨论了纤维应力松弛和弹性回复性能间关系。试验分析表明:不同类型纤维经处理后,由于纤维内部结构变化不同,引起的力学性能改变也有着明显的差别。     

GPC算法的统一格式

给出了两类基本的广义预测控制（GPC）算法－－基于CARIMA模型的GPC算法和基于ARMAX模型的GPC算法的统一格式。     

证明勾股定理的新方法

本文论述了用分割面积来证明勾股定理的多种方法。     

用 X 射线测定球体在高含沙浑水中的沉降特性

本文叙述了应用 X 射线在萤光屏幕上直观地分析球体在高含沙浑水中的沉降特性的方法,研究单个球体在均质宾汉体浑水中不沉降极限粒径以及沉速等问题.这一试验技术较其它方法相比,由于采用屏幕显示,因此具有直观、准确等优点,还可应用电视录相的方法,把投影在 X 光屏幕上的图像拍摄下来,进行复演和定性及定量的分析.通过实验发现,某些宾汉体浑水的屈服应力是随着宾汉体浑水的静止历时增长而加大,它具有触变特性.     

计算多组分精馏理论板数的一个新方法

本文提供了计算多组份精馏理论塔板数的一个新方法,系将多组份精馏视作轻重二关键组元的提纯,经过简化及数学处理计算,得到精馏段及提馏段所需的理论塔板数,其准确度在我们验证的范畴内不低于常用的简捷法而与逐板计算法接近。     

Production and characterization of antibodies cross-reactive with major aflatoxins

Antibodies cross-reactive with 4 major aflatoxins were demonstrated three weeks after immunization of rabbits with an immunogen which was prepared by conjugating aflatoxin B3 to bovine serum albumin. Aflatoxin B3 was first converted to its hemisuccinate before conjugation to the protein. Tritiated aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was used as the marker ligand both for antibody titer determination as well as for analysis of antibody specificity. Competitive RIA revealed that the antibodies have good cross-reactivity with aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 when tritiated AFB1 was used as the marker ligand. The concentrations causing 50% inhibition of binding of 3H-AFB1 to the antibodies by unlabeled aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and B3 were found to be 0.25, 3.34, 0.32, 4.0 and 0.53 ng/assay, respectively. The antibodies could be used for simultaneous analysis of aflatoxins B1 and G1, two of the most important toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus.     

畜禽的微量元素中毒

概述畜禽微量元素中毒的原因、症状、机理、临床诊断和防治后,分别阐述铜、汞、氟三种中毒症。     

产业用纤维材料的耐候性和耐热性研究

本文对我国常用的几种产业用纤维材料的耐候性和热老化性能进行了测试分析。随着室外老化和仪器老化时间的增加,纤维材料强度和断裂伸长率降低;同时,纤维因受气候条件的侵蚀而表面下陷,出现斑点、凹坑和裂纹.仪器老化能较好地模拟室外自然老化试验,且数据稳定,试验周期短。两者的强度保持率随着老化时间均按指数规律 Y=ae~(bx)降低,试验常数 a 和 b 决定于纤维品种,规格和气候老化条件等参数。在经130℃热老化处理后,常用几种产业用纤维的强伸性能均发生不同程度的恶化;但在80℃条件下,性能变化较小。