龙滩重力坝21坝段及引水道三维结构分析研究

采用三维有限元法,对龙滩碾压混凝土重力坝21坝段坝体及引水道组合结构进行了分析.研究了施工期及运行期4种工况下坝体的应力变形情况,重点了解了引水道沿水流方向8个剖面的环向应力、闸门槽周边正应力及坝内3个廊道周边环向应力,并对计算结果进行了分析评价.最后文中给出了一些建议,为结构的设计、施工提供参考依据.     

Epidemic spreading behavior in local-world evolving networks

The susceptible–infected–susceptible (SIS) epidemic model is presented which can be used to study the epidemic spreading behavior in the local-world evolving network model. Local-world evolving model displays a transition from the exponential network to the scale-free network with respect to the connectivity distribution. From theoretical analyses and numerical simulations, we ?nd that the epidemic spreading behavior on local-world networks also takes on some kind of transitional behaviors. The transitional behavior is further veri ?ed by comparing the spreading behavior of local-world network with that of random and scale-free networks. Some feasible control strategies are also proposed to keep from the epidemic spreading on networks.     

南非PMC钒钛精矿基础性能及对烧结过程的影响

本研究的目的是在查明南非PMC钒钛磁铁精矿物化性能基础上,研究配加PMC精矿对烧结产质量指标的影响。通过化学分析、X射线衍射分析、激光粒度分析、扫描电镜能谱分析等,分别研究了PMC精矿的化学成分、物相组成、粒度分布和颗粒形貌;进而采用烧结杯试验,考查了配加PMC精矿后利用系数、固体燃耗、转鼓指数等主要技术经济指标的变化规律,并结合烧结矿微观结构,揭示了PMC精矿对烧结过程的影响机制。研究表明,PMC钒钛磁铁矿铁含量高达63.46%,脉石含量较低,具有较高的利用价值;其物相主要为磁铁矿,粒度较细;配加10% PMC精矿后恶化了烧结过程,利用系数、转鼓指数均明显降低,固体燃耗上升。其原因主要是PMC精矿烧结性能较差,烧结过程液相生成不足,影响了烧结矿强度,且钙钛矿的生成破坏了液相的粘结作用和烧结矿良好的微观结构。     

纳米ZnO改性PVDF超滤膜的性能

 为改善聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜的亲水性,增强其在水处理中的应用能力,采用相转化法制备了纳米ZnO 改性PVDF超滤膜。分析了纳米ZnO 的添加量对膜结构及性能的影响。通过孔隙率测定、接触角测量、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、材料试验、超滤实验分别对膜的孔隙率、亲水性、微观结构、机械强度、纯水通量、蛋白截留率及水通量恢复率进行表征。结果表明,纳米ZnO 的质量分数为0.2%时,膜的接触角从改性前的76.3°降至63.4°,亲水性得到明显改善;孔隙率由53.4%升至54.1%;拉伸强度由2.09 MPa 升至2.82 MPa;纯水通量、蛋白截留率及水通量恢复率均有一定程度的提高;膜的断面结构规整,指状孔的尺寸较大,膜表面较光滑。     

海南省市县旅游收益聚类分析及MATLAB实现

文章利用2002-2012年海南统计年鉴的数据,引入FCM算法,对海南省18个市县进行模糊聚类分析,利用Matlab软件编程把18个市县划分为四类.通过对聚类结果进行深入的数据比较分析,发现了一些现象:(1)市县旅游收益与市县旅游发达程度不是成正比;(2)万宁相对琼海等地,是旅客选择入驻的首选之地;(3)旅客入驻的餐旅费大约是旅客游览景点时所花门票费用的两倍;(4)境外旅客更多选择三亚、海口等地入驻;(5)东西线的旅游收益差距很大.针对这些现象和原因,提出了相应的措施建议.     

基于TOPSIS扩展的直觉模糊多属性群决策

研究直觉模糊环境下的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于TOPSIS扩展的直觉模糊多属性群决策方法.传统的TOPSIS方法中,理想解是以向量形式表示的,本文给出了理想解一种新的矩阵表示形式,通过实例分析验证了这种方法的可行性与有效性.     

随机价格条件下应急数量弹性契约的三级供应链协调

考虑突发事件导致市场价格随机波动,构建应急数量弹性契约下的三级供应链模型,求解最优订货和定价策略.同时,构建无突发事件和市场价格稳定时的供应链模型,探索不同情景下供应链协调状态的变化情况.另外,控制弹性系数为变量,分析弹性系数变化对于供应链整体收益及决策的影响.研究结果表明：当弹性系数为常量时,仅存在唯一的最优订货策略,只有对基准契约进行适当调整才能协调应对突发事件.若弹性系数为变量,仅存在唯一的供货决策,但却有多组最优订货方案.最后,通过算例仿真验证了上述相关结论,证明了弹性系数的变化不会影响整个供应链系统的最优收益.     

基于中心点预测的分数像素运动估计改进算法

针对H.264采用的分数像素运动估计算法存在计算复杂度高的不足,通过探索分数像素点之间相关性强及分数像素搜索范围为单峰值误差曲面的特点,提出了一种基于中心点预测的分数像素运动估计快速算法.测试结果表明:与全搜索分数像素搜索相比,该方法平均减少分数像素搜索点数69.32%,峰值信噪比相同,码率增加4.48%.该算法在保持图像质量不变和码率增加较少的情况下能大大减少搜索点数目,有效提高了分数像素运动估计的速度.     

无线网络中节点移动性对病毒传播行为的影响

结合无线网络上病毒传播的实际特点,以蓝牙网络为载体,通过在SIS传播模型上引入移动的网络节点,分析和研究节点的移动速率对病毒传播的影响.数值仿真采用类似于蜂窝网络的拓扑结构,使网络中的节点按照指定的角度和速度在指定的网络区域内朝任意方向移动以建模实际网络拓扑的动态变化.结果表明节点移动越活跃,网络病毒感染速率越快,网络中被感染的节点数就越多.因此,通过控制网络中节点的移动速度来抑制无线网络中病毒的传播,进而为网络管理部门部署病毒的预警和控制措施等提供一些有意义的理论指导.     

Vertical distribution of liverwort communities and their relationship with environmental factors in a karst sinkhole in south-western China

ABSTRACT

Understanding the relationships between the vertical distribution of liverwort communities and associated environmental factors is vital for biodiversity conservation in karst sinkholes. The abundance index, α and β diversity indices were used to analyse the characteristics of liverwort communities in the Monkey-Ear Sinkhole (280 m deep, entrance diameter 300 m, width 280 m). A Generalised Linear Model was used to study the vertical distribution of liverwort communities, and the relationships between their vertical distribution and environmental factors were analysed with Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Forty-two liverwort taxa from 22 genera in 19 families were identified in the sinkhole. The liverwort assemblages were dominated by the families Plagiochilaceae and Lejeuneaceae. The α and β diversity appeared to fluctuate randomly among the four depths sampled. The highest degree of environmental heterogeneity was found at the lower-middle section of the sinkhole; liverwort community diversity at the base was much higher than that found at the upper, middle or lower-middle sections. The environment at the base of the sinkhole was more complex than at the other three depths, providing a range of habitats that facilitated the coexistence of multiple liverwort communities. The abundance of species, genera and families in liverwort communities followed the sequence: base > upper section > middle section > lower – middle section. There were significant differences in liverwort communities at the four depths. In the sinkhole, liverwort communities fell into three distribution groups: wide, moderate or narrow distribution along the vertical direction. The communities with a broad distribution, found from the upper section to the base, were affected by a combination of light, humidity and temperature, and were classified as mixed factor dependent; those with a moderate distribution found mostly in the mid and lower-middle sections were primarily dependent on temperature and humidity, and were classified as temperature and humidity dependent; and those with a narrow distribution found at the base of the sinkhole were mainly influenced by humidity, and were classified as humidity dependent.