土地利用类型变化对城市大气边界层特征影响的数值模拟

利用ENVI和IDL,GIS以及上海市航片,将ARW-WRF中尺度模式中的下垫面土地利用类型数据中上海市部分做了修正:对照模式中24种土地类型分类,将原本定义为农作物耕地和草场,草地,灌木丛,以及沙土和淤泥的部分,根据实际情况改为城区和在建城区,扩大了城市的范围,获取城市建筑物高度信息以得到更精确地粗糙度数据,使其与实...     

一种计算冲压零件轮廓相似度的快速算法

为了适应网络应用对轮廓相似度计算在速度和数据传输量方面的要求,文中提出了一种非离散的快速算法,该算法采用直线和圆弧来表达轮廓曲线．在对图形进行范化处理后,将待匹配轮廓按照一定步距进行旋转．然后依次以待匹配轮廓或目标轮廓作为模板,计算模板的所有顶点与其在另一个轮廓中对应点的距离平方的平均值．在所有角度中,平均值之和的最小值即为两个轮廓的匹配度．该算法同时适用于凸多边形和凹多边形,并具有较好的区分度和匹配准确性．和以往的离散方式相比,该算法减少了需要传递的数据量．提高了运算速度．     

基于GAs/PSO组合算法的水轮机调速系统PID参数寻优

提出了一种基于GA s/PSO组合算法的P ID控制器参数自整定方法,这种方法兼有遗传算法(GA s)和粒子群算法(PSO)的优点。组合算法种群由GA s和PSO的最佳个体迁移形成,其中GA s采用了实数编码和变异概率自适应,PSO算法采用了带指数衰减的惯性因子的速度更新算法,以加快收敛速度。通过对水轮机调速系统P ID控制器参数寻优仿真比较表明,该组合算法寻优性能比单独的GA s和PSO表现更为优异,且所得系统具有更好的动态性能。     

量子点-菠萝蛋白酶与纤维蛋白原的相互作用

用量子点标记菠萝蛋白酶, 以此为荧光探针, 监测其与纤维蛋白原的反应过程. 实验结果表明, 随着反应时间的增加, 荧光光谱逐渐蓝移, 荧光强度也逐渐下降.     

Heritable germline epimutation of MSH2 in a family with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

Epimutations in the germline, such as methylation of the MLH1 gene, may contribute to hereditary cancer syndrome in human, but their transmission to offspring has never been documented. Here we report a family with inheritance, in three successive generations, of germline allele-specific and mosaic hypermethylation of the MSH2 gene, without evidence of DNA mismatch repair gene mutation. Three siblings carrying the germline methylation developed early-onset colorectal or endometrial cancers, all with microsatellite instability and MSH2 protein loss. Clonal bisulfite sequencing and pyrosequencing showed different methylation levels in different somatic tissues, with the highest level recorded in rectal mucosa and colon cancer tissue, and the lowest in blood leukocytes. This mosaic state of germline methylation with different tissue distribution could act as the first hit and provide a mechanism for genetic disease inheritance that may deviate from the mendelian pattern and be overlooked in conventional leukocyte-based genetic diagnosis strategy.     

用遗传算法解决生产线调度Job—Shop问题

在分析国内外各种解决生产线作业调度疸方法的基础上,引出生产线调度Job-Shop问题的数学模型。针对该模型,用遗传算法对其进行优化调度。首先针对优化目标进行染色体编码,定义群体规模,然后设计适应度函数,最后通过选择、交叉、变异等操作,得到目标的全局较优解。本文针对某一工程实例,给出了此调度算法的仿真结果。     

CEV过程下回顾期权的定价问题研究

讨论了当基础资产遵循不变方差弹性（CEV）过程时回期权的定价问题,通过构建一个三项式模型对CEV过程进行近似化处理并利用其为回顾期权进行定价,发现当资产价格服从CEV过程时,Babbs提出的方法可修改用来为回顾期权定值。     

一种时变滑模平面的设计方法

在分析滑模平面设计的基础上,指出了按传统的方法设计的滑模平面的缺陷。为了克服此缺陷,根据矩阵分析理论提出了一种新的具有全局鲁棒性的时变滑模平面的设计方法,并给出了三种具体的滑模平面形式。通过理论分析和计算机仿真可以看出,基于该方法设计出滑模平面的变结构控制系统,能保证系统从任意的初始状态开始就处于设定的滑模平面上,对参数摄动和外部干扰具有很强的鲁棒性。用该方法设计出的时变滑模平面是传统的滑模平面的     

Maize HapMap2 identifies extant variation from a genome in flux

Whereas breeders have exploited diversity in maize for yield improvements, there has been limited progress in using beneficial alleles in undomesticated varieties. Characterizing standing variation in this complex genome has been challenging, with only a small fraction of it described to date. Using a population genetics scoring model, we identified 55 million SNPs in 103 lines across pre-domestication and domesticated Zea mays varieties, including a representative from the sister genus Tripsacum. We find that structural variations are pervasive in the Z. mays genome and are enriched at loci associated with important traits. By investigating the drivers of genome size variation, we find that the larger Tripsacum genome can be explained by transposable element abundance rather than an allopolyploid origin. In contrast, intraspecies genome size variation seems to be controlled by chromosomal knob content. There is tremendous overlap in key gene content in maize and Tripsacum, suggesting that adaptations from Tripsacum (for example, perennialism and frost and drought tolerance) can likely be integrated into maize.