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基于1950年―2018年大通站月均径流量数据,应用MIKE21软件建立长江口平面二维水动力及盐度输运模型,探究三峡工程建成后径流量变化对长江口4支平面盐度锋位置与强度的影响。结果表明:在长江口口门处,全年平均盐度整体增加,南槽处增加最明显;除北港外,各支盐度锋都具有双锋面结构;锋面位置与径流量成线性关系,第一锋面位置变化较第二锋面明显;各锋面强度与径流量成二次函数关系,二次项系数在第一锋面处为正,第二锋面处为负。 相似文献
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松叶蕨科植物孢子形态的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜详细观察了松叶蕨科 (Psilotaceae) 2属 3种植物的孢子形态 ,即松叶蕨属(PsilotumSw .)中的 2个种 :P .nudum(L .)Beauv .和P .complanatumSw .,梅西蕨属 (TmesipterisBernh .)中的 1个种 :T .elongataDang .,为蕨类植物系统分类和孢粉学研究提供资料 相似文献
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Microfluidic systems can conveniently be used for rapid analysis of biological samples. Here we describe a single re-circulating flow, or microvortex, that can generate a maximum fluid rotational velocity of up to 12 m s(-1) and a corresponding radial acceleration in excess of 10(6)g. Such microvortices may be exploited in centrifugal microdevices to investigate the effects of high radial acceleration on biological and chemical processes. 相似文献
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NO is necessary and sufficient for egg activation at fertilization 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Kuo RC Baxter GT Thompson SH Stricker SA Patton C Bonaventura J Epel D 《Nature》2000,406(6796):633-636
The early steps that lead to the rise in calcium and egg activation at fertilization are unknown but of great interest--particularly with the advent of in vitro fertilization techniques for treating male infertility and whole-animal cloning by nuclear transfer. This calcium rise is required for egg activation and the subsequent events of development in eggs of all species. Injection of intact sperm or sperm extracts can activate eggs, suggesting that sperm-derived factors may be involved. Here we show that nitric oxide synthase is present at high concentration and active in sperm after activation by the acrosome reaction. An increase in nitrosation within eggs is evident seconds after insemination and precedes the calcium pulse of fertilization. Microinjection of nitric oxide donors or recombinant nitric oxide synthase recapitulates events of egg activation, whereas prior injection of oxyhaemoglobin, a physiological nitric oxide scavenger, prevents egg activation after fertilization. We conclude that nitric oxide synthase and nitric-oxide-related bioactivity satisfy the primary criteria of an egg activator: they are present in an appropriate place, active at an appropriate time, and are necessary and sufficient for successful fertilization. 相似文献
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The actin-based motility of the bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes, is a model system for understanding motile cell functions involving actin polymerization. Although the biochemical and genetic aspects of Listeria motility have been intensely studied, biophysical data are sparse. Here we have used high-resolution laser tracking to follow the trailing ends of Listeria moving in the lamellae of COS7 cells. We found that pauses during motility occur frequently and that episodes of step-like motion often show pauses spaced at about 5.4 nm, which corresponds to the spatial periodicity of F-actin. We occasionally observed smaller steps (<3 nm), as well as periods of motion with no obvious pauses. Clearly, bacteria do not sense cytoplasmic viscoelasticity because they fluctuate 20 times less than adjacent lipid droplets. Instead, bacteria bind their own actin 'tails, and the anchoring proteins can 'step' along growing filaments within the actin tail. Because positional fluctuations are unusually small, the forces of association and propulsion must be very strong. Our data disprove the brownian ratchet models and limit alternative models, such as the 'elastic' brownian ratchet or the 'molecular' ratchet. 相似文献
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针对无人机通信环境特点以及多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)系统,将三维空间相关法建模和机身遮挡现象相结合,提出一种无人机的三维移动空间信道模型(three dimensional dynamic spatial channel model, 3DD SCM)。〖JP2〗推导了无人机天线阵列的相关性表达式,同时提出一种遮挡控制器来表示无人机与地面在通信过程中受到机身遮挡的影响。通过仿真分别分析了无人机不同飞行方向和机身遮挡对信道性能的影响,验证了该信道模型的正确性和有效性。该无人机通信模型可用于指导无人机天线设计,研究编码技术。 相似文献
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The high granularity timing detector (HGTD) is a crucial component of the ATLAS phase II upgrade to cope with the extremely high pile-up (the average number of interactions per bunch crossing can be as high as 200). With the precise timing information (σt~30 ps) of the tracks, the track-to-vertex association can be performed in the “4-D” space. The Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) technology is chosen for the sensors, which can provide the required timing resolution and good signal-to-noise ratio. Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) has produced the LGAD with thicknesses of 35 μm and 50 μm. The University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) has also developed and produced 50 μm LGADs prototypes with the Institute of Microelectronics (IME) of Chinese Academy of Sciences. To evaluate the irradiation hardness, the sensors are irradiated with the neutron at the JSI reactor facility and tested at USTC. The irradiation effects on both the gain layer and the bulk are characterized by I-V and C-V measurements at room temperature (20 ℃) or ?30 ℃. The breakdown voltages and depletion voltages are extracted and presented as a function of the fluences. The final fitting of the acceptor removal model yielded the c-factor of 3.06×10?16 cm?2, 3.89×10?16 cm?2 and 4.12×10?16 cm?2 for the HPK-1.2, HPK-3.2 and USTC-1.1-W8, respectively, showing that the HPK-1.2 sensors have the most irradiation resistant gain layer. A novel analysis method is used to further exploit the data to get the relationship between the c-factor and initial doping density. 相似文献