神经网络TSP问题仿真分析

描述了Hopfield神经网络和自组织特征映射神经网络解决TSP问题时的求解过程和仿真算法.通过对两种算法的仿真比较,得出以下结论:对于较大规模的TSP问题,SOFM模型的寻优结果要优于HNN模型寻优结果;HNN对网络模型参数和初始条件具有很强的依赖性且调整参数组合非常困难,而SOFM的参数设置和调整相对要简单得多;SOFM算法对待解决问题的拓扑分布不敏感,而HNN算法的收敛性对待求解问题的自身分布有很强的依赖性;当待求解问题的数目增大时,SOFM算法的运算时间增加缓慢,而HNN算法的运算时间增加较快.因此,在解决TSP问题时,自组织特征映射神经网络比Hopfield神经网络的效率高,随着问题规模的增大,其优势更为明显.     

采用步进电机驱动的摩擦传动微进给机构

为解决微小型机电系统大行程、高精度进给的问题,设计实现了一种由旋转电机驱动的摩擦传动微进给机构。采用对称预紧设计使加于摩擦传动主支承轴承上的预紧正压力的合力为零、从而减少传动误差。当步进电机采用5万步/转细分驱动时,经减速比为10:1的摩擦传动机构,输出直线位移分辨率可达到0.16μm。位移测试实验显示该摩擦传动微进给机构具有可靠的运动传递性能,系统的位移输出特性基本上取决于所采用的步进电机及细分驱动电路的特性。进给速度可通过改变驱动脉冲的频率调节,机构在高频驱动大位移动作时亦表现出准确的步进特性,可用于小型机电系统的开环进给驱动。     

现浇钢筋混凝土圈过梁裂缝控制

结合工程实例，探讨了现浇钢筋混凝土圈过梁收缩裂缝控制问题。分析了裂缝间距与梁配筋率之间的关系，提出了依据过梁净跨度确定圈梁的最低配筋率以控制裂缝的措施。     

作补语的趋向动词语义的引申

趋向动词作补语既可表示实义，也可表示抽象义或引申义。引起趋向动词语义引申的原因有主客观两方面的因素。客观因素是趋向动词有谓语变为补语，语义重点发生了转变，为语义引申创造了必要的条件；主观因素是说话人的心理感受对作补语的趋向动词的选择加深了其语义引申的程度。语义引申后的趋向动词表示动作行为的结果或者时态。     

Deep-water Earliest Oligocene Glacial Maximum （EOGM） in South Atlantic

The most prominent cooling event of the Earth surface during Cenozoic in the long-term transition from a non-glaciated planet, or “green-house world”, to a polar, glaciated planet, or “ice-house world”, is the Earliest Oligocene Glacial Maximum (EOGM) above the Eocene/Oligocene boundary at about 33.7 Ma. Planktonic and benthic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes, carbonate content, and coarse fraction, along with high-resolution color reflectance and magnetic susceptibility records during 35-30 Ma, from deep-water Sites 1262 and 1265, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 208 in South Atlantic, reveal the global cooling event occurring in both surface and deep oceans. The results show that the earliest Oligocene δ^18O values during 33.5-33.1 Ma represent the magnitude of continental ice sheets on east Antarctica and indicate the large decrease in both surface and deep water temperatures of worldwideoceans. The δ^13C records show the large excursion during the period of EOGM event and indicate some types of shift in global carbon reservoir, probably demonstrating the sudden increase in organic carbon burial rates and the changes in the distribution and timing of production. At the same time, lithologic composition, carbonate content, color reflectance, and coarse fraction brought about significant changes close to the Eocene/Oligocene boundary, reflecting the abrupt deepening in the carbonate compensation depth (CCD). Changes in carbonate content were revealed from the color reflectance identify periodicities associated with eccentricity of the Earth‘s orbit (100 and 400 ka), further indicating orbitally forced global climate variations in the Early Oligocene.     

带软时间窗物流配送车辆路径问题的并行遗传算法

针对一般遗传算法在求解有时间窗车辆路径问题时初始种群的单一性,提出一种新的算法.该算法对不同的种群用不同的初始化方法--随机初始化法和构造初始化法,这种算法改变了过去那种种群内部的平衡.并将该算法所得结果与其他算法进行比较,表明该算法的合理性.     

机枪系统虚拟样机建模及仿真分析

以某大口径机枪系统为物理样机模型，对联合CAD建模软件Pro／E和动力学仿真软件ADAMS对其进行动力学仿真时的模型传递方法进行了研究，并以此在仿真环境中建立了机枪系统的虚拟样机模型。然后对机枪的自动机动力学和供输弹机构的运动进行了仿真分析，将仿真结果与试验数据进行了比较，并对工作弹簧进行了参数化设计。这证实了将虚拟样机技术引入自动武器研制领域的可行性，并为进一步的仿真工作奠定了基础。     

P2×C5的全染色

令Pm=u1u2...um,Cn=ν1ν2...vnν1,则定义图Pm×Cn,(m≥2,n≥3)为V(Pm×Cn)={wij|i=1,2,…,m;j=1,2,…,n},E(Pm×Cn)={wijwrs|wij,wrs∈V(Pm×Cn),且i=r,νjνs∈E(Cn)或j=s,νiνr∈E(Pm)}.从而得到了图P2×C5的全色数.     

GMAW 温度场计算及其焊接质量的特征建模

根据传热学、流体力学、物理冶金等理论，在熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW)的三维非稳态熔池的数学模型基础上建立了有限元模型，并使用通用有限元软件ANSYS对熔池温度场进行了计算．通过熔宽和熔深的测量值与ANSYS计算值进行比较，误差均控制在8％以内，表明使用ANSYS来计算GMAW温度场是可靠和可行的．结合智能诊断的基本理论，还建立了GMAW焊接质量的人工神经网络预测模型，并且采用软件MATLAB6．1对模型进行计算．结果表明，模型与实际过程符合较好，对于非线性的焊接过程，神经网络的适应性较强．     

Development of the CAS-IBB single-particle microbeam for localized irradiation of living cells

A single-particle microbeam facility has been constructed at the Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering (LIBB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The system was designed to deliver a defined numbers of hydrogen ions, produced by a van de Graaff accelerator, in an energy range of 2.0-3.0 MeV, into an area smaller than that of the nucleus of an individual living cell. The beam is collimated by a borosilicate glass capillary that forms the beam-line exit. An integrated computer program recognizes the cells and locates them one by one over the microbeam exit for irradiation. We present technical details of the CAS-LIBB microbeam facility, particularly on the collimator, hardware, control program, as well as cell irradiation protocols available. Various factors contributing to the targeting and positioning precision are discussed along with accuracy measurement results.