应用类比方法求解电磁学问题的几个实例

本文应用类比方法简化了物理量的矢量运算,使求物理量的矢量和转化为求物理量的代数和,并得到了计算会式。应用该公式求解了电磁学中的几个实际问题,其结果与用其他方法求得的完全一致。     

Development of a middle and low latitude theoretical ionospheric model and an observation system data assimilation experiment

On the basis of previous work, we develop a middle and low latitude theoretical ionospheric model in this paper, named Theoretical Ionospheric Model of the Earth in the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences （TIME-IGGCAS）. TIME-IGGCAS solves the equations of mass continuity, motion and energy of electron and ions self-consistently and uses an eccentric dipole field approximation to the Earth＇s magnetic field. We combine the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches in the model and take account of the plasma ExB drift velocity. Calculation results reveal that the model is steady and credible and can reproduce most large-scale features of ionosphere. By using TIME-IGGCAS, we carried out an observation system data assimilation experiment. Assimilation results show that the ExB drift velocity can be accurately estimated by ingesting the observed foF2 and hmF2 into the model applying nonlinear least-square fit method. We suggest that this work is of great significance in the development of ionospheric data assimilation model to give better nowcast and forecast of ionosphere.     

1800mm虚拟轧机板形控制性能

定义了评价轧机板形控制性能的六项指标,包括承载辊缝凸度调节域、辊缝横向刚度、板形调控功效曲线、边缘降、辊间接触压力平均幅值和辊间接触压力分布不均匀度.建立了HC,CVC,PC和DSR系列轧机的有限元仿真模型,并从板形控制性能的六项指标方面分析了当前国际上流行的各种机型的特点.     

电化学法还原对硝基氯代苯

在乙醇－盐酸溶液中以Ｐｂ为阴极，电解还原对硝基氯代苯以合成对氯苯胺。阴极液：７０ｍＬ的乙醇一盐酸溶液加１．０ｇ对硝基氯代苯，电流密度：４．６Ａ／ｄｍ＾２，电量：理论电量的１２０％时，对氯苯胺的最大产率达９６．２％。     

Advances and applications of electrohydrodynamics

Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) has been applied in many areas, such as EHD enhanced heat transfer, EHD pump, electrospray mass spectrometry, electrospray nanotechnology, etc. The basic theories underlying these applications and a brief review of the EHD advances are presented in this paper. As electrospray is an important branch of EHD,the applications of electrospray are particularly discussed.Finally, this paper gives some suggestions for the future research and development.     

割前脱联合收割机割台功耗分析

割前脱联合收割机以其低功耗、高效率、清选干净等诸多优点越来越被科研人员和农民所关注摘脱割台是割前脱联合收割机的关键组成部分,其性能直接影响整机的工作效果和谷物损失本文通过对割前脱联合收割机割台部分摘脱滚筒的梳脱过程以及其它部件的分析,导出了摘脱割台功耗计算公式,分析了割台功耗的影响因素,并基于功耗分析了摘脱滚筒角速度的设置得出的功耗计算公式与作物的分布密度、籽粒柄的抗拉强度、摘脱滚筒的作用半径和旋转角速度以及机器的前进速度等９个因素有关,较好地反映了功率与各因素的联系得出的结论对割前脱联合收割机割台的设计、动力的设置及功率的分配具有参考价值     

基于贝叶斯推断的脉冲星偏振位置角拟合算法

脉冲星辐射束的偏振位置角与相位的关系可用旋转矢量模型(RVM)描述,现有的Levenberg-Marquardt非线性拟合和格点搜寻算法对RVM的拟合存在效率低、易过拟合等问题。本文发展了一套基于贝叶斯推断的马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛算法(MCMC),并用该方法对已有文献中的10颗脉冲星偏振位置角进行了拟合。结果表明,MCMC算法不仅能得到与已有文献一致的结果,而且该算法具有高效、不易过拟合、能更好地估计参数的可信度区间等优点。     

Design and fabrication of 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials for high-performance photovoltaics

To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption, simplification of device fabrication as well as optimization of device structure and geometry, are required. The usage of 1D nanomaterials is attractive due to the outstanding light coupling effect, the ease of fabrication, and integration with one-dimensional(1-D) semiconductor materials. The light absorption efficiency can be enhanced significantly, and the corresponding light-toelectricity conversion efficiency can be as high as their bulk counterparts. Also, the amount of active materials used can be reduced. This review summarizes the recent development of 1-D nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, including the anti-reflection, the light absorption,the minority diffusion, and the semiconductor junction properties. With solid progress and prospect shown in the past 10 years, 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials are attractive and promising for the realization of high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells.     

聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素共混体系溶液的流变性

探讨了聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素(PAN/HEC)共混溶剂的选择及体系的相容性和流变性.结果表明,二甲基亚矾是PAN/HEC的较理想溶剂,而且它们在热力学上是不相容的.然而,由于体系粘度高,大分子链运动困难,因此在某些条件下相对稳定,显示了典型的非牛顿流体的特征.随着HEC/PAN共混比的增加,总固含量的提高,以及温度的降低,共混溶液的非牛顿指数降低,结构粘度指数上升,剪切弹性模量和最大松驰时间增加.