Identification of an S5n allele in Oryza rufipogon Griff. and its effect on embryo sac fertility

Oryza rufipogon exhibits abundant genetic diversity and contains many elite genes. In this work, a total of 441 accessions of O. rufipogon were genetically examined using the functional marker S5n, revealing that 18 accessions carried the S5n allele with a heterozygous genotype (S5nS5i/j). Of these accessions, 14 were from Guangdong Province, 2 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 1 from Hainan Province and 1 from Jiangxi Province. Further sequence analysis spanning both sides of the deletion in S5n allel...     

Attentional negativity bias moderated by positive mood arousal

Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias. An event-related potentials (ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal. The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.     

Spatial differences in rock uplift rates inferred from channel steepness indices along the northern flank of the Qilian Mountain, northeast Tibetan Plateau

The rate and distribution of deformation along the Qilian Mountain, on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, is needed to understand the evolution of high topography associated with the plateau. Recently, a number of empirical studies have provided support for the contention, common to most models of fluvial incision, that rock uplift rate exerts a first-order control on the gradient of longitudinal river profiles. Along the northern Qilian Mountain, this method is used to extract information about the spatial patterns of differential rock uplift. Analysis of the longitudinal profiles of bedrock channels reveals systematic differences in the channel steepness index along the trend of the frontal ranges. Local comparisons of channel steepness reveal that lithology and precipitation have limited influence on channel steepness. Similarly, there is little evidence suggesting that channel steepness is influenced by differences in the sediment loads. We argue that the distribution of channel steepness in the Qilian Mountain is mostly the result of differential rates of rock uplift. Thus, channel steepness indices reveal a lower rock uplift rate in the eastern portion of the Qilian Mountain and a higher rate in the middle and west. The highest rates appear to occur in the middle-west portions of the range, just to the west of the Yumu Shan.     

一种能量高效的Ad hoc网络路由协议

传统的Ad hoc网络路由协议以最少跳数作为路由选择的标准,导致部分节点过早死亡.为此,文中提出了一种新的基于能量高效的按需路由协议.该协议以AODV路由协议为基础,在路由发现阶段考虑了节点剩余能量情况,将瓶颈节点能量和路径剩余能量平均值作为路由选择度量,选择总体能量充足的路径以避开剩余能量较小的瓶颈节点的影响.仿真结果表明,该协议能够保护能量低的节点,延长其服务时间,实现网络中能量的均衡消耗,延长网络生存时间,提高分组平均投递率,具有较强的实用性.     

新型造纸原料洋麻的硫酸盐法制浆及ECF漂白

以洋麻为研究对象,分析了洋麻的化学成分,研究了不同H因子下硫酸盐法制浆(KP)的较优工艺,以及KP浆的ECF漂白性能及较优的漂白工艺.结果表明:洋麻的硝酸-乙醇纤维素含量为45.00%,酸不溶木素含量为16.50%,聚戊糖和抽出物含量均较低,是优良的造纸用原料;KP法蒸煮较优的制浆工艺为H因子1000、活性碱用量20%、硫化度22%,该工艺下细浆得率达44.9%、卡伯值为20.4、残碱质量浓度为11.67 g/L;ECF漂白的较优ODED漂白工艺为OD0,2%EpD1,1.5%,该工艺条件下终漂浆白度可达82.3%ISO.     

基于回归分析的BCTMP光诱导返黄数学模型

在紫外光照射下加速杨木、杉木、枫木漂白化学热磨机械浆(BCTMP)的返黄,研究了3种BCTMP光诱导返黄过程中白度(R)及返黄值(PC值)的变化规律,并通过回归分析得到了白度及返黄值随光照时间的变化模型.分析表明:PC值与b*呈线性关系,R、PC值与lgt呈分段线性关系.最后,通过实验证明了该模型具有普适性.     

冷冻干燥处理后糊化玉米淀粉的性质

采用真空冷冻干燥技术对糊化的玉米淀粉进行干燥,通过扫描电子显微镜、Bra-bender黏度计以及X射线衍射仪等对其理化性质进行系统研究,同时与滚筒干燥的预糊化淀粉以及原淀粉的性质进行对比.发现冻干后的糊化淀粉具有以下特点:多数呈现疏松多孔的结构,少数呈现碎片状;其Brabender黏度曲线的趋势与滚筒干燥的糊化淀粉有显著的差异,与原淀粉类似;X射线衍射谱具有与滚筒干燥的预糊化淀粉相类似的弥散峰特征,峰强度略小于预糊化淀粉;颗粒粒径最大,为110.468μm;冷水可溶性较差,透明度较低,稍高于原淀粉;属于剪切稀化体系,表观黏度较低,冻融稳定性优异.     

纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的影响因素

为了研究自制的纳米TiO2对环境空气中有机污染物的光催化降解能力,文中通过自制光催化反应系统,研究了纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的过程,考察了环境相对湿度、光照强度、气体流量、甲醛初始质量浓度等因素对甲醛的气相光催化降解反应的影响.结果表明:纳米TiO2光催化降解甲醛的最佳相对湿度为50%,适宜气体流量为1.20 L/m in;光降解率并不会随光照强度的增加无限制地增大,甲醛初始质量浓度的增加将降低光催化氧化降解速率.     

一种求解集合组合问题的离散粒子群优化模型

针对变长集合组合优化问题,提出了一种离散粒子群优化模型.该模型将集合的概念和运算引入粒子群优化中,定义了一个可变集合搜索空间,并重新定义了粒子的位置、速度及作用于此空间的运算规则,既保留了粒子群本身的优化特性,又体现了集合组合优化的特点.采用典型的变长集合组合优化问题——背包问题来验证此模型的性能,并与二进制粒子群优化(BPSO)算法进行了对比.结果表明,该模型具有较强的寻优能力和更高的稳定性.     

基于主题词权重和句子特征的自动文摘

为获得高质量的自动文摘,在组合词识别算法的基础上,充分考虑词的频率、词性、词的位置、词长等因素,构建了一个词语权重计算公式,该公式能使表达主题的词和短语具有较高的权重.对句子权重的计算,则考虑了句子的内容、位置以及线索词的作用和用户偏好等.摘要的生成充分考虑了候选文摘句的相似性,避免了冗余信息的加入.对摘要的评估进行了从句子粒度到词语粒度的改进,提出了一种基于词语粒度的准确率和召回率计算方法.实验证明,该算法生成的自动文摘有着较高的质量,平均准确率达到77.1%.