中频反应磁控溅射制备具有光致亲水性TiO2薄膜

采用中频反应磁控溅射方法在玻璃表面制备了TiO2薄膜,为使薄膜获得理想的化学配比和较高的沉积速率,使用了等离子体发射光谱监控法(Plasma Emission Monitor,PEM)对溅射过程进行控制。对部分样品进行了退火处理。利用台阶仪测膜厚,X射线衍射(XRD)对薄膜的沉积速率及结构进行测试分析,并对部分沉积态和经过热处理的薄膜样品进行了透光性测试和光照实验。研究了温度,PEM工作点等不同工艺条件对薄膜光致亲水性等性能的影响。部分薄膜经过1h左右的紫外光照射,得到了很好的亲水性效果,其表面的水接触角达到了小于1°的水平。     

明清民国时期潼关交通形式变迁的初步探究

潼关地处晋豫陕三省门户,地理位置险要,交通地位突出,历来在客运货运中所发挥的作用都不容小觑。潼关驿的设置在明清时期的通信、递运过程中占据着重要的位置,民国初年西潼公路的开通也彰显了潼关交通要道的地位,陇海铁路延展至潼关则开启了西北地区铁路运输的新形式。对这一选题的研究从一个侧面揭示了城镇发展与交通不可割裂的联系,潼关城交通形式近代化的变革给它的发展不断注入新的活力,带来新的契机,但同时也应看到交通的便捷并不是城镇繁荣的决定因素。     

NGO援建我国基层图书馆的核心理念及其启示

目前有众多国内外NGO(非政府组织)带着各自的核心理念对我国基层图书馆进行援建。罗列了其中有代表性的理念,对其核心组成部分及各自实现的方式进行了分析,从中得到了一些对于我国基层图书馆发展的启示。     

转杯纺纱阻捻器阻捻系数理论分析

通过分析阻捻器阻捻机理，建立了可衡量转杯纺纱阻捻器阻捻效果大小的任意曲面阻捻器阻捻系数的理论模型，并对圆柱面阻捻器阻捻系数进行了数值计算，得出纺纱工艺参数以及安装参数对阻捻系数大小均有一定影响的结论。     

多传感器多目标跟踪的JPDA算法

传统的联合概率数据关联算法(JPDA)是在密集杂波环境下的一种良好的多目标跟踪算法,但它是针对单传感器对多目标跟踪的情况下使用,不能直接用于多传感器对多目标的跟踪。针对这一问题,文中提出了一种适用于多传感器多目标跟踪的JPDA算法,它以极大似然估计完成对来自多传感器的测量集合进行同源最优分划,然后采用JPDA方法对多目标进行跟踪。经过理论分析和仿真试验,证明了该方法能有效地进行多传感器多目标的跟踪,且具有算法简单、跟踪精度高、附加的计算量小等优点。     

Direct observation of the NAD glycohydrolase reaction in human erythrocytes using NMR spectroscopy

Summary The hydrolysis of NAD by the extracellular membrane-associated enzyme NAD glycohydrolase was shown to be readily followed in concentrated suspensions of human erythrocytes using¹H spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The maximal rate of the reaction was determined and the inhibitory effect of nicotinamide was confirmed by direct NMR observation. In addition, arginine, ergothioneine and iodoacetate did not influence the reaction rate.³¹P NMR analyses of reaction media from whole cells showed that no extraneous degradation of NAD occurred and the only phosphate-containing product was ADP-ribose.The work was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council     

中频非平衡磁控溅射制备Ti-N-C膜

采用霍尔离子源辅助中频非平衡磁控溅射技术,通过改变工作气氛、偏压模式、溅射电流以及辅助离子束电流,在不锈钢材料基体上制备了Ti/TiN/Ti(C,N)硬质耐磨损膜层.对薄膜的颜色、晶体结构、膜基结合力等性能进行了检测分析.结果表明:膜层的颜色对工作气氛非常敏感,反应溅射中工作气氛的微小变化会引起表面膜层颜色很大的变化.在正常的反应气体进气量范围内和较小的基体偏压下,薄膜的晶体结构没有明显的择优取向.但是反应气体的过量通入会使薄膜的晶体结构出现晶面择优取向趋势.非平衡磁控溅射成膜技术对薄膜晶体结构的择优取向影响并不是很大.在镀膜过程中施加霍尔电流,可以有效地增加膜基结合力.     

基于灰色原理与现场数据的汽车零部件可靠性计算

针对汽车零部件可靠性问题,从轻量化和强度安全性的角度出发,采用灰色原理建立了基于现场应力数据的汽车零部件可靠性计算方法,并通过VB编程实现.分析了传统应力测试与评价方法的苛刻要求及计算的不精确.讨论了灰色原理计算标准差的方法、正态分布可靠度的计算方法、等效正态变换的方法.结论为:本方法可以克服传统方法的苛刻要求;本方法的计算结果更接近真实值;将强度对数正态分布转换为等效正态分布,具有广泛代表性.     

An origin in the local Universe for some short gamma-ray bursts

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) divide into two classes: 'long', which typically have initial durations of T90 > 2 s, and 'short', with durations of T90 < 2 s (where T90 is the time to detect 90% of the observed fluence). Long bursts, which on average have softer gamma-ray spectra, are known to be associated with stellar core-collapse events-in some cases simultaneously producing powerful type Ic supernovae. In contrast, the origin of short bursts has remained mysterious until recently. A subsecond intense 'spike' of gamma-rays during a giant flare from the Galactic soft gamma-ray repeater, SGR 1806-20, reopened an old debate over whether some short GRBs could be similar events seen in galaxies out to approximately 70 Mpc (refs 6-10; redshift z approximately 0.016). Shortly after that, localizations of a few short GRBs (with optical afterglows detected in two cases) have shown an apparent association with a variety of host galaxies at moderate redshifts. Here we report a correlation between the locations of previously observed short bursts and the positions of galaxies in the local Universe, indicating that between 10 and 25 per cent of short GRBs originate at low redshifts (z < 0.025).