Concentration level and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and grass around Mt. Qomolangma, China

High mountains may serve as a condenser for persistent organic pollutants. In the present study, soil and grass samples from Mt. Qomolangma region, China were collected from 4600 to 5620 m a.s.I and were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） to determine if they are concentrated at colder, more elevated sites and to evaluate their possible resources and fractionation. The total PAHs concentration in soil samples was 〈 600 ng g^-1, the critical value to differentiate PAHs levels in remote and urban regions. This implied the PAHs levels at Mt. Qomolangma are relatively low and what one might expect in such a remote region of the world. These low values may represent a soil background for mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere soils away from the direct influence of an anthropogenic source. As for the distribution pattern, the low molecular weight PAHs were prone to accumulate at higher altitude, while the high molecular weight PAHs inversely related or unrelated with elevation. Based on high concentration of phenanthrene at elevated sample site and the ratios of individual PAHs, we deduced that home-heating combustion and vehicle emission may result in the constitution trait of PAHs in this mountain region. Monsoon traveling over India, Pakistan and other countries with dense population may carry contaminant to Mt. Qomolangma region.     

Experimental investigation of incremental reactivity of di-tert-butyl peroxide

Large quantities of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) have been emitted into the troposphere due to human activities. Its role in the atmospheric photochemical reaction has not been understood. This study presents the results of the photochemical reactions of DTBP and NOx, which have been simulated in a self-made smog chamber under the temperature of (29±1)℃. Both the wall decays of ozone and NO2 could be neglected, compared to the results in simulative experiments. The effective intensity of UV light used in the experiments was 1.28×10-3 s-1, which was expressed by the rate constant of NO2 photolysis in purified air. The reaction mechanism was proposed according to our results and reports of other researchers. The maximum values of incremental reactivity (IR) in the three simulative ex- periments were 9.53×10-2, 5.23×10-2 and 3.78×10-2, respectively. The incremental reactivity decreased with the increase of initial concentrations of DTBP. The IR value of DTBP obtained in this study was comparable to that of acetylene reported in our previous research.     

卡鲁金顶燃式热风炉预燃室和拱顶流动的数值模拟

应用湍流扩散火焰燃烧模型,对卡鲁金热风炉的预燃室和拱顶内的燃烧过程进行了数值模拟研究,确定了燃烧过程中煤气、空气的速度分布。     

Modification of the rib operon derived from Bacillus subtilis and its expression in Escherichia coli

A riboflavin operon （rib operon） derived from Bacillus subtilis 368 was modified on structure and the resulting operons were expressed in various strains of Escherichia coli. The results showed that the optimization of the rib operon and the host strain used for expression are two main factors affecting the riboflavin production. Replacing the promoterl and rfn box of the rib operon with a strong constructive promoter spol drastically increased the expression of the rib genes. When E. coli JM109 was used as the host strain, the highest riboflavin production reached 95.3μg/mL （about eight times higher than that of the unmodified r/b operon）. In addition, when tetracycline （20 μg/mL） was used as the selective pressure, compared with the ampicillin resistant transformants, a higher riboflavin yield was obtained in tetracycline resistant host strain.     

筒型基础负压沉贯的物性参数动态模型

分析筒型基础负压沉贯的特点,首先,由有效应力原理和瞬时质量守恒原理确定了渗流方程和应力场方程;其次,建立了新的土颗粒本构关系,利用J2流动理论及各向同性硬化原理计算土体颗粒在渗流力作用下的弹塑性变形,利用离散元法求解土体骨架的体应变;然后,在此基础上导出了筒型基础负压沉贯流固耦合的孔隙度、渗透率等动态物性参数模型;最后,利用导出的模型进行了实例计算,检验了模型的理论性.     

中国-东盟架构下西南边疆民族地区职业教育品牌战略思考

在中国—东盟架构下,中国西南边疆民族地区职业教育品牌战略要定位于:为该地区培养大量适应中国—东盟自由贸易区市场需求的优秀国际型职业人才,同时敢于竞争邻国的职业教育服务市场,使该地区的职业教育走上区域性国际品牌战略发展的大道。     

基于语义的Web信息检索改进模型

目的针对传统W eb信息检索模型的不足,提出一种基于语义的W eb信息检索模型。方法模糊相关技术、Ontology及W eb挖掘技术。结果建立了一种五元组的语义信息检索模型,并给出了该模型的关键实现算法。结论利用此模型实现的信息检索系统进行信息检索时具有更高的准确率和查全率。     

基于叠代傅立叶转换的半色调图像嵌入水印算法

为了提高嵌入水印的数字图像对传输中所遭受的压缩攻击和几何攻击的鲁棒性,本文提出了基于叠代傅立叶转换的半色调图像嵌入水印算法.该算法通过对子图像的合理切割,结合对称式水印嵌入技术的运用,将经由叠代傅立叶转换以及蓝杂讯遮罩所产生的半色调图像进行处理,使水印在传输中具有很好的强韧度,同时图像又能够在人眼视觉下接近模拟的连续.通过实验检验,该算法很好地达到了预计的设想.     

工程机械驱动流量耦合系统自适应控制仿真

为了提高工程机械的动力及经济性,将简化模型参考自适应(SMRAC)控制方法引入工程机械液压-变量马达流量耦合时变非线性系统中,通过建立分段优化模型的方法及对模型辅以最优反馈补偿校正,建立了优化参考模型,并利用比例-积分型矢量自适应控制律来保证系统的稳定性。结合某液压试验台利用Matalab仿真软件进行仿真试验,得出参考模型输出最大超调量2.43%,自适应控制系统输出最大超调量7.08%,控制系统调整时间0.204 s,且过渡过程平稳,自适应控制系统较好地跟随参考模型输出。结果表明,结合状态反馈校正的简化模型参考自适应控制策略能有效克服时变参数的影响,且该策略算法简单实用。     

一种多线结构光测头的误差补偿方法

针对在多线结构光测量系统中光平面不等距和不平行引起测量误差的问题,提出了一种基于标准三角块的误差补偿方法.通过分析测量误差产生的原因,建立了光平面平行度、光平面间距与测量误差之间关系的数学模型,将测头产生的结构光条投射到一个标准三角块斜面上,利用三角块斜面的几何变换能力将光平面平行度、光平面间距的信息转换到系统可以进行精确测量的光平面当中.通过CCD采集和数学计算,可以得到准确的各光平面平行度和光平面间距的误差数据,并根据得到的误差数据对测得的原始数据进行补偿修正,由实验证明了该方法在对阵列式多线结构光测头结构误差补偿后,测量得到的数据精度可以提高约40%.