Interleukin-33 stimulates formation of functional osteoclasts from human CD14+ monocytes

Interleukin (IL)-33 is a recently described pro-inflammatory cytokine. Here we demonstrate IL-33 as a regulator of functional osteoclasts (OCs) from human CD14⁺ monocytes. IL-33 stimulates formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)⁺ multinuclear OCs from monocytes. This action was suppressed by anti-ST2 antibody, suggesting that IL-33 acts through its receptor ST2, but not by the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) decoy, osteoprotegerin, or anti-RANKL antibody. IL-33 stimulated activating phosphorylations of signaling molecules in monocytes that are critical for OC development. These included Syk, phospholipase Cγ2, Gab2, MAP kinases, TAK-1, and NF-κB. IL-33 also enhanced expression of OC differentiation factors including TNF-α receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1, c-Fos, c-Src, cathepsin K, and calcitonin receptor. IL-33 eventually induced bone resorption. This study suggests that the osteoclastogenic property of IL-33 is mediated through TRAF6 as well as the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-dependent Syk/PLCγ pathway in human CD14⁺ monocytes.     

高超声速飞行器输入受限模糊反演控制

针对吸气式高超声速飞行器控制中存在的执行机构受限问题,提出一种模糊反演控制设计策略。设计一种新的辅助系统分别对跟踪误差和控制律进行补偿,在物理执行机构受限时能够同时保证闭环系统及跟踪误差的有界性。在反演控制的设计框架下,引入模糊控制器逼近模型中的不确定项,提高控制系统的鲁棒性。为防止出现传统反演方法中存在的“微分膨胀”问题,引入滑模微分器对虚拟导数进行求解。最后,通过实例仿真验证所设计控制策略的有效性。     

k-冗余结构无线自组网广播算法研究

针对k-冗余连接路由算法的特点,对最优广播树的生成算法进行了研究。首先根据最优广播树的数学模型,证明了它是一个NP难题(NP-Complete)。然后针对网络拓扑的特点提出了启发式广播树生成算法。针对算法的特点,分析了算法复杂度和算法的效率。结合GlomoSim仿真平台,在无线网络环境下对算法的效率进行了仿真,将协议的性能与简单广播算法进行了比较。仿真结果表明,启发式广播算法能够减小网络开销和节点的转发次数,提高网络的传输效率。     

基于自适应和模糊控制的新型XY平台同步控制研究

高性能XY平台普遍应用于集成电路(IC)制造和封装设备中.为获得较高加速度,提出了一种单边双直线电机冗余驱动的新型XY定位平台.冗余驱动系统在高速和高加速运动时均存在同步运动精度问题.针对X轴向双直线电机的同步驱动控制,建立了冗余驱动数学模型,并基于模型参考自适应控制和自适应模糊控制算法,设计了运动控制器,确保了同步运动精度.仿真结果表明,在较高加速度运动时,系统具有良好的静态、动态性能和较高的同步运动精度.     

中等专业学校加强档案工作建设刍议

作为纪录历史的档案文献,是党和国家的宝贵财富。学校档案工作是我国教育事业的重要组成部分,对学校教育教学管理和国家经济建设有着及其重要的作用。文章从梳理学校档案工作的概念和作用入手,对中等专业学校档案工作存在问题进行分析,提出一些加强这项工作的措施,以求科学、规范地做好中等专业学校档案工作。     

汽轮机通流部分清洗技术在6MW机组中的应用

通过对霍州煤电煤矸石热电厂2#汽轮机组推力瓦温度高原因分析,得出其主要原因为通流部分结垢严重,流通不畅,导致汽轮机做功能力下降,使机组无法带至额定负荷;并对通流部分结垢的原因进行分析、研究,作出清洗处理,有效降低了机组运行中的推力瓦温度,以提高机组的安全经济性。     

Differentiated cells are more efficient than adult stem cells for cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer

Since the creation of Dolly via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), more than a dozen species of mammals have been cloned using this technology. One hypothesis for the limited success of cloning via SCNT (1%-5%) is that the clones are likely to be derived from adult stem cells. Support for this hypothesis comes from the findings that the reproductive cloning efficiency for embryonic stem cells is five to ten times higher than that for somatic cells as donors and that cloned pups cannot be produced directly from cloned embryos derived from differentiated B and T cells or neuronal cells. The question remains as to whether SCNT-derived animal clones can be derived from truly differentiated somatic cells. We tested this hypothesis with mouse hematopoietic cells at different differentiation stages: hematopoietic stem cells, progenitor cells and granulocytes. We found that cloning efficiency increases over the differentiation hierarchy, and terminally differentiated postmitotic granulocytes yield cloned pups with the greatest cloning efficiency.