有限时间实际蒸汽动力循环热力性能优化

基于有限时间热力学的理论,根据平均温度法建立循环模型,得出在保持无因次功率PN为定值的条件下,使无因次熵产率Sσ达最小的最佳温差方程.分析了实际蒸汽动力循环反映温差的各无量纲量x、y、α和性能参数比β等对循环性能的影响.研究结果表明,在循环不可逆损失一定时,可采用提高高低温热源温度比α、降低性能参数比β的方法来提高功率PN.     

关于工程造价中审核方法的思考

工程造价的预结算审核是合理确定工程造价的必要程序及重要手段.通过时预、结算进行全面、系统的检查和复核,能达到有效地控制工程造价的目的.本文简要分析了工程造价审核的意义及方法,并针对目前存在的问题,提出具体的对策.     

Diastereoselective addition of lithium enolate of γ-substituted α-diazoacetoacetate to <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-sulfinyl imines

Highly diastereoselective addition of lithium enolate of γ-substituted α-diazoacetoacetate to chiral N-sulfinyl imines has been developed. The addition products were further subjected to photo-induced Wolff rearrangement or Rh(II)-catalyzed intramolecular N–H insertion to afford chiral 4,5-disubstituted 2-oxo and 3-oxo pyrrolidines, respectively.     

Warm/cold rolling processes for producing Fe-6.5wt% Si electrical steel with columnar grains

A new technical prototype for producing Fe-6.5wt% Si electrical steel sheets by directional solidification, heat treatment before rolling, warm rolling, and cold rolling was proposed in the present study. The formability of Fe-6.5wt% Si electrical steel before rolling and the reasonable process parameters of this technical prototype were obtained. Experimental results reveal that the formability of Fe-6.5wt% Si electrical steel is improved significantly under the combination of directional solidification and heat treatment before rolling. Fe-6.5wt% Si electrical steel sheets with the thickness of 0.15 mm, bright surface, few edge cracks, and high rolling yield can be successfully fabricated using this technology without any intermediate annealing during the whole rolling. The combination of directional solidification, heat treatment before rolling, warm rolling, and cold rolling can work as a new process for highly efficient and compact fabrication of Fe-6.5wt% Si electrical steel sheets.     

Discussion on the Construction Technology of Manual Hole Digging Pile Application

笔者根据自己多年的施工技术经验,结合工程实例,对人工挖孔灌注桩的施工工艺进行了详细的阐述与探讨.     

Comparative study on the passivation layers of copper sulphide minerals during bioleaching

The bioleaching of copper sulphide minerals was investigated by using A. ferrooxidans ATF6. The result shows the preferential order of the minerals bioleaching as djurleite>bornite>pyritic chalcopyrite>covellite>porphyry chalcopyrite. The residues were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is indicated that jarosite may not be responsible for hindered dissolution. The elemental sulfur layer on the surface of pyritic chalcopyrite residues is cracked. The compact surface layer of porphyry chalcopyrite may strongly hinder copper extraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirms that the passivation layers of covellite, pyritic chalcopyrite, and porphyry chalcopyrite are copper-depleted sulphide Cu₄S₁₁, S8, and copper-rich iron-deficient polysulphide Cu₄Fe₂S₉, respectively. The ability of these passivation layers was found as Cu₄Fe₂S₉>Cu₄S₁₁>S₈>jarosite.     

改进型序关系分析法及其应用

摒弃原序关系分析法中要求评价指标间满足强一致性的条件,提出了要求评价指标满足弱一致性的观点,并对序关系分析法进行了改进.基于评价指标贡献率的概念,在改进型序关系分析法的基础上,利用评价者的“宏观”判断信息,给出了一种确定评价指标权重的方法.最后,结合实例给出了应用.     

纳米复合技术改善工业ZnO压敏电阻避雷器微观结构及电性能的研究

运用纳米复合技术对工业ZnO压敏电阻避雷器的制备工艺的改进,研制出压敏电压340 V/mm,漏电流小于1 μA,非线性系数大于56的压敏电阻器.根据ZnO晶粒生长动力学方程,研究了纳米复合ZnO粉体的烧结过程以及烧结过程中的晶粒生长规律.用扫描电镜和能谱对瓷体显微结构及面扫成分进行了分析,讨论了添加纳米复合粉的ZnO压敏电阻避雷器微观组织与综合性能的关系.实验表明,添加纳米复合粉体是降低大规模生产成本,提高经济效益,并得到综合性能优良产品的有效方法.     

光腔衰荡光谱技术应用于痕量气体检测的研究进展

光腔衰荡光谱(CRDS)技术在对痕量气体的检测技术中占有重要的地位。对基于光腔衰荡光谱技术的痕量气体检测相关研究进行了综述,分析了光腔衰荡光谱技术的相关工作原理及技术特点。介绍了CRDS痕量气体检测在大气环境、生物医学、燃烧化学等方面的研究进展以及存在的问题;总结了CRDS痕量气体检测的发展趋势。     

圆内开缝圆不同开缝方向自然对流换热

采用SIMPLE方法对圆内开缝圆在不同开缝方向时的自然对流换热进行了数值模拟,根据数值结果,分析了开缝圆不同开缝方向的自然对流换热规律和特性.数值结果表明:采用SIMPLE方法的计算结果与已有文献相同工况的实验结果相吻合;同一开缝方向,平均当量导热系数Keqs随着瑞利数Ra的增加而增大.当Ra较小时,Keqs基本不随开缝方向的改变而变化;当Ra继续增大,同一Ra下开缝方向从竖直到水平随角度φ增大Keqs值变小;当Ra超过一个临界值时,Keqs数值结果出现了振荡,且这个临界值与开缝方向相关;研究水平开缝的圆内开缝圆自然对流换热,随着Ra的增加,能够获得稳定解、周期性振荡解及非周期振荡解,最终为混沌.