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排序方式: 共有206条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
Identifying natural images from human brain activity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A challenging goal in neuroscience is to be able to read out, or decode, mental content from brain activity. Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have decoded orientation, position and object category from activity in visual cortex. However, these studies typically used relatively simple stimuli (for example, gratings) or images drawn from fixed categories (for example, faces, houses), and decoding was based on previous measurements of brain activity evoked by those same stimuli or categories. To overcome these limitations, here we develop a decoding method based on quantitative receptive-field models that characterize the relationship between visual stimuli and fMRI activity in early visual areas. These models describe the tuning of individual voxels for space, orientation and spatial frequency, and are estimated directly from responses evoked by natural images. We show that these receptive-field models make it possible to identify, from a large set of completely novel natural images, which specific image was seen by an observer. Identification is not a mere consequence of the retinotopic organization of visual areas; simpler receptive-field models that describe only spatial tuning yield much poorer identification performance. Our results suggest that it may soon be possible to reconstruct a picture of a person's visual experience from measurements of brain activity alone. 相似文献
82.
Résumé Les ovaires de souris C3B6F1, génotypeW
xWv développent des adénomes tubulaires à l'âge de 7 mois. Dans l'essai du tread wheel l'activité spontanée de ces animaux était plus petite que celle des contrôles. 相似文献
83.
84.
通过3-(4-乙烯基苄氧基)-1-氮杂-双环[2,2,2]辛烷和苯乙烯共聚合制备聚(苯乙烯-共-3-(4-乙烯基苄氧基)-1-氮杂-双环[2,2,2]辛烷),并将其作为非均相催化剂应用于分子内和分子间的Morita-Baylis-Hillman及氮杂-Morita-Baylis-Hillman反应中,在所有这些反应中,产物的产率都可达到中等水平。 相似文献
85.
Constructing simply nanostructured zero-,one-,and two-dimensional crystallites into threedimensional multifunctional assemblies and systems at low-cost is essential and highly challenging in materials science and engineering.Compared to the simply nanostructured components,a three-dimensional(3D) complex made with a precisely controlled spatial organization of all structural nanocomponents can enable us to concert functionalities from all the nanocomponents.Methodologically,so doing in nm-scales via a solution chemistry route may be much easier and less expensive than via other mechanisms.Hence,we discuss herein some recent advances in multistep solution syntheses of nanostructured 3D complexes of semiconductors with a focus mainly on their synthetic strategies and detailed mechanisms. 相似文献
86.
We propose in this paper a threshold nonlinearity test for financial time series. Our approach adopts reversible‐jump Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to calculate the posterior probabilities of two competitive models, namely GARCH and threshold GARCH models. Posterior evidence favouring the threshold GARCH model indicates threshold nonlinearity or volatility asymmetry. Simulation experiments demonstrate that our method works very well in distinguishing GARCH and threshold GARCH models. Sensitivity analysis shows that our method is robust to misspecification in error distribution. In the application to 10 market indexes, clear evidence of threshold nonlinearity is discovered and thus supporting volatility asymmetry. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
87.
Prediction of central nervous system embryonal tumour outcome based on gene expression. 总被引:75,自引:0,他引:75
Scott L Pomeroy Pablo Tamayo Michelle Gaasenbeek Lisa M Sturla Michael Angelo Margaret E McLaughlin John Y H Kim Liliana C Goumnerova Peter M Black Ching Lau Jeffrey C Allen David Zagzag James M Olson Tom Curran Cynthia Wetmore Jaclyn A Biegel Tomaso Poggio Shayan Mukherjee Ryan Rifkin Andrea Califano Gustavo Stolovitzky David N Louis Jill P Mesirov Eric S Lander Todd R Golub 《Nature》2002,415(6870):436-442
Embryonal tumours of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a heterogeneous group of tumours about which little is known biologically, and whose diagnosis, on the basis of morphologic appearance alone, is controversial. Medulloblastomas, for example, are the most common malignant brain tumour of childhood, but their pathogenesis is unknown, their relationship to other embryonal CNS tumours is debated, and patients' response to therapy is difficult to predict. We approached these problems by developing a classification system based on DNA microarray gene expression data derived from 99 patient samples. Here we demonstrate that medulloblastomas are molecularly distinct from other brain tumours including primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNETs), atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (AT/RTs) and malignant gliomas. Previously unrecognized evidence supporting the derivation of medulloblastomas from cerebellar granule cells through activation of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway was also revealed. We show further that the clinical outcome of children with medulloblastomas is highly predictable on the basis of the gene expression profiles of their tumours at diagnosis. 相似文献
88.
Morin RD Mendez-Lago M Mungall AJ Goya R Mungall KL Corbett RD Johnson NA Severson TM Chiu R Field M Jackman S Krzywinski M Scott DW Trinh DL Tamura-Wells J Li S Firme MR Rogic S Griffith M Chan S Yakovenko O Meyer IM Zhao EY Smailus D Moksa M Chittaranjan S Rimsza L Brooks-Wilson A Spinelli JJ Ben-Neriah S Meissner B Woolcock B Boyle M McDonald H Tam A Zhao Y Delaney A Zeng T Tse K Butterfield Y Birol I Holt R Schein J Horsman DE Moore R Jones SJ Connors JM Hirst M Gascoyne RD Marra MA 《Nature》2011,476(7360):298-303
Follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are the two most common non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). Here we sequenced tumour and matched normal DNA from 13 DLBCL cases and one FL case to identify genes with mutations in B-cell NHL. We analysed RNA-seq data from these and another 113 NHLs to identify genes with candidate mutations, and then re-sequenced tumour and matched normal DNA from these cases to confirm 109 genes with multiple somatic mutations. Genes with roles in histone modification were frequent targets of somatic mutation. For example, 32% of DLBCL and 89% of FL cases had somatic mutations in MLL2, which encodes a histone methyltransferase, and 11.4% and 13.4% of DLBCL and FL cases, respectively, had mutations in MEF2B, a calcium-regulated gene that cooperates with CREBBP and EP300 in acetylating histones. Our analysis suggests a previously unappreciated disruption of chromatin biology in lymphomagenesis. 相似文献
89.
90.
Grbić M Van Leeuwen T Clark RM Rombauts S Rouzé P Grbić V Osborne EJ Dermauw W Ngoc PC Ortego F Hernández-Crespo P Diaz I Martinez M Navajas M Sucena É Magalhães S Nagy L Pace RM Djuranović S Smagghe G Iga M Christiaens O Veenstra JA Ewer J Villalobos RM Hutter JL Hudson SD Velez M Yi SV Zeng J Pires-daSilva A Roch F Cazaux M Navarro M Zhurov V Acevedo G Bjelica A Fawcett JA Bonnet E Martens C Baele G Wissler L Sanchez-Rodriguez A Tirry L Blais C Demeestere K Henz SR Gregory TR Mathieu J 《Nature》2011,479(7374):487-492