Formation of 5-hydroxytryptophol by blood platelets after thrombin and reserpine

Zusammenfassung In isolierten Blutplättchen von Kaninchen bewirkt Thrombin rasche und hochgradige Freisetzung von unverändertem 5-Hydroxytryptamin, welches durch weitere Inkubation sekundär teilweise zu 5-Hydroxytryptophol und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure umgewandelt wird. Nach Reserpin scheint hingegen ein Teil des 5-Hydroxytryptamins bereits bei seiner Freisetzung zu diesen Metaboliten abgebaut zu werden.     

Electron diffraction and electron microscopy studies on the crystalline component of enamel of theOdontaspis (selachii)

Résumé L'auteur constate que dans la dent du Requin du genreOdontaspis l'ultrastucture de la substance qui recouvre la dentine est morphologiquement très semblable à celle de l'émail de la dent humaine. Par diffraction électronique le composant cristallin de l'émail du Requin a été déterminé comme étant del'apatite. Ces résultats montrent que le revêtement externe de la dent d'Odontaspis peut être considéré comme un véritable émail.     

Potentiation of the cerebral vascular action of bradykinin by the ‘bradykinin potentiating factor’ (BPF) in the dog

Zusammenfassung Die gefässerweiternde Wirkung von Bradykinin und Kallidin auf den cerebralen Kreislauf wurde durch den «BPF»-Faktor aus Schlangengift erheblich potenziert, während sie bei Eledoisin und Histamin nur wenig verändert wurde.     

Endogenous neurosteroids regulate GABAA receptors through two discrete transmembrane sites

Inhibitory neurotransmission mediated by GABA(A) receptors can be modulated by the endogenous neurosteroids, allopregnanolone and tetrahydro-deoxycorticosterone. Neurosteroids are synthesized de novo in the brain during stress, pregnancyand after ethanol consumption, and disrupted steroid regulation of GABAergic transmission is strongly implicated in several debilitating conditions such as panic disorder, major depression, schizophrenia, alcohol dependence and catamenial epilepsy. Determining how neurosteroids interact with the GABA(A) receptor is a prerequisite for understanding their physiological and pathophysiological roles in the brain. Here we identify two discrete binding sites in the receptor's transmembrane domains that mediate the potentiating and direct activation effects of neurosteroids. They potentiate GABA responses from a cavity formed by the alpha-subunit transmembrane domains, whereas direct receptor activation is initiated by interfacial residues between alpha and beta subunits and is enhanced by steroid binding to the potentiation site. Thus, significant receptor activation by neurosteroids relies on occupancy of both the activation and potentiation sites. These sites are highly conserved throughout the GABA(A )receptor family, and their identification provides a unique opportunity for the development of new therapeutic, neurosteroid-based ligands and transgenic disease models of neurosteroid dysfunction.     

Capybaras (Rodentia: Cavidae) in highlands: environmental variables related to distribution,and herbivory effects on a common plant species

The capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris is one of the largest and most widely distributed herbivores in the Neotropical lowlands. However, as yet, there are no records of its occurrence in highland environments. Our aim was to evaluate the environmental variables related to the capybara’s distribution and monitor the effects of its herbivory on the individuals and on the reproductive phenology of A. polyanthus, a common and important plant species of the high-altitude grasslands. Our results show that capybaras frequently occur in the high-altitude grasslands along the Campo Belo River, but they avoid waterlogged areas, occurring more frequently on the dry rocky areas. Capybara herbivory affected the number of A. polyanthus rosettes in flower, leading to the presence of inflorescence formation anomalies. High-altitude grasslands apparently provide capybaras with the three main components (food, shelter and water) required for their occurrence. However, although they seem to present a seasonal feeding strategy, which also happens in lowlands, their avoidance of the waterlogged areas suggests that in highlands the species may present different environmental preferences from those presented in lowlands. In addition, the impact of capybaras’ herbivory on A. polyanthus individuals indicates the potential impact that capybaras can represent on the plant community of the high-altitude grasslands. This appears to be a great opportunity to study the effect of the arrival of a large herbivore in a new environment and possible impacts on plant assemblages.     

电磁环境数据场多频段绘制算法

针对现有电磁环境绘制研究中未考虑频段信息的情况,提出了一种多频段电磁环境绘制算法。基于光线投射算法实现,对传递函数进行了多频段设计,各频段颜色可以交互设置,同时定义了频段颜色增强因子,能够提高不同频段的颜色对比效果。最后,在统一计算设备架构下并行实现本算法,完成了实时交互的多频段电磁环境绘制。实验证明该算法能够方便、有效的展示电磁环境的频段信息,同时用户可以交互控制绘制及频段对比结果,便于观察和理解电磁环境。     

Comparison of breeding biology aspects of Fluvicola nengeta (Aves: Tyrannidae) between two nesting sites

Fluvicola nengeta is an insectivorous bird that belongs to the Tyrannidae family, which lives close to bodies of water and can occur in urban areas as well. It makes use of natural and man-made substrates to build its nests. This study aims at describing the reproductive biology of F. nengeta by comparing nests built on vegetation and man-made structures as to their shapes, nest dimensions, building materials, distance from bodies of water and reproductive success. Forty-four nests were found, where 30 were located in vegetation and 14 on man-made structures. Nests did not exhibit any single pattern and were divided into three distinct shapes: closed/globular/base; closed/ovoid/base (45.5%; n = 5 for both) and low cup/base (9%; n = 1). Nests built on man-made structures exhibited a larger amount of anthropic material, such as plastic and paper, instead of plant-derived materials. Nests on man-made structures were found to be higher up from the ground (459.8 ± 46.9 m) and farther from water (232.9 ± 54.8 m) in comparison to those on vegetation (92.2 ± 28.6 m and 7.3 ± 4.7 m, respectively), aside from exhibiting a higher Mayfield reproductive success (37%) when compared to nests built on vegetation (34%). The estimated values of the daily survival rate (DSR) for vegetation nests were 0.997 for the incubation period and 0.928 for the nestling period. In man-made structure nests, DSRs were 0.968 and 0.964, respectively, during the incubation and nestling periods. The period survival rate (PSR) of nests in vegetation was significantly higher than the PSRs of nests in man-made structures during the incubation period. DSRs did not differ between incubation and nestling periods for either nesting sites.     

异构计算的一种可移植编程模型及实现

介绍了异构计算的一种编程模型．该模型处理的对象是任意非一致的求解任务映射到任意非一致的系统结构上．文中分别给出了任务图的分簇算法,系统图的分簇算法和映射算法及实例．利用该模型可设计出可移植的并行程序,然后调度到可动态配置的异构计算机组织上运行     

中国石龙子消化道内容物中微生物的初步研究

从中国石龙子（Ｅｕｍｅｃｅｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）胃、小肠和大肠中分离出的细菌包括枸橼酸杆菌属的弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌（Ｃｉｔｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｆｒｅｕｎｄｉｉ）和异型枸橼酸杆菌（Ｃｉｔｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｄｉｖｅｒｓｕｓ）、变形杆菌属的奇异变形杆菌（Ｐｒｏｔｅｕｓ ｍｉｒａｂｉｌｉｓ）、肠杆菌属的阴沟肠杆菌（Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｃｌｏａｃａｅ）、芽孢杆菌属的枯草芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）、葡萄球菌属的表皮葡萄球菌（Ｓｔａｐｈｔｌｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍｉｄｉｓ）和类杆菌属普通类杆菌（Ｂａｃｔｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ ｖｕｌｑａｔｕｓ）．细菌在胃、小肠和大肠中分布数量为３．４２ｘ１０~６、２． ０４ ｘ １０~６和 １． １１ｘ １０~９．弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌为优势菌群．分离出的霉菌属于青霉属（Ｐｅｎｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ）、曲霉属（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓ）和毛孢子菌属（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｓｐｏｒｏｎ）,主要是青霉属。在胃、小肠和大肠中霉菌的数量分别是２．１９ｘ１０~４、１．６７ｘ１０~４和１．６１ｘ１０~４,酵母菌和放线菌都未发现．     

添加碱金属氯化物的聚乙烯醇改性膜用于水乙醇渗透汽化分离

用碱金属氯化物对聚乙烯醇进行改性制得渗透汽化膜,并用于水乙醇渗透汽化分离．热分析结果表明：盐的加入增加了膜的热稳定性．膜的溶胀度的测试结果表明：随浸泡液中水含量增加,膜的溶胀度增大．渗透汽化结果表明：膜中含盐量对膜渗透汽化性能影响很大