Lysosomal chymotrypsin B potentiates apoptosis via cleavage of Bid

We have reported that chymotrypsin B (CtrB) is not just a digestive enzyme but is also stored in lysosomes. Herein, we demonstrated a broad distribution of CtrB and explored the involvement of CtrB in apoptosis. Exposure of RH-35 cells to H₂O₂ or palmitate induced the redistribution of lysosomal CtrB into the cytoplasm as a result of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Suppression of CtrB significantly blocked apoptosis, while overexpression of CtrB sensitized apoptosis markedly. CtrB could cleave Bid under neutral conditions. In RH-35 cells with Bid silenced, apoptosis induced by CtrB protein was attenuated, suggesting that CtrB mediates apoptosis of RH-35 cells mainly through processing Bid. Our data also suggest that LMP occurs earlier than mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization; Bid activation initiated by caspase-8 might be reinforced by CtrB in consequence of LMP, which causes a positive feedback loop leading to the accumulation of tBid, and results in lysosome- and mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis.     

Exome sequencing of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma

Opisthorchis viverrini-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a fatal bile duct cancer, is a major public health concern in areas endemic for this parasite. We report here whole-exome sequencing of eight O. viverrini-related tumors and matched normal tissue. We identified and validated 206 somatic mutations in 187 genes using Sanger sequencing and selected 15 genes for mutation prevalence screening in an additional 46 individuals with CCA (cases). In addition to the known cancer-related genes TP53 (mutated in 44.4% of cases), KRAS (16.7%) and SMAD4 (16.7%), we identified somatic mutations in 10 newly implicated genes in 14.8-3.7% of cases. These included inactivating mutations in MLL3 (in 14.8% of cases), ROBO2 (9.3%), RNF43 (9.3%) and PEG3 (5.6%), and activating mutations in the GNAS oncogene (9.3%). These genes have functions that can be broadly grouped into three biological classes: (i) deactivation of histone modifiers, (ii) activation of G protein signaling and (iii) loss of genome stability. This study provides insight into the mutational landscape contributing to O. viverrini-related CCA.     

A genome-wide association study in Han Chinese identifies new susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis

To identify susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study in Han Chinese. In the discovery stage, we analyzed 1,356,350 autosomal SNPs in 1,837 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis and 4,231 controls; in the validation stage, we analyzed 30 suggestive SNPs in an additional 2,100 affected individuals and 3,496 controls. We identified two new susceptibility loci between EDIL3 and HAPLN1 at 5q14.3 (rs4552569; P = 8.77 × 10(-10)) and within ANO6 at 12q12 (rs17095830; P = 1.63 × 10(-8)). We also confirmed previously reported associations in Europeans within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (top SNP, rs13202464; P < 5 × 10(-324)) and at 2p15 (rs10865331; P = 1.98 × 10(-8)). We show that rs13202464 within the MHC region mainly represents the risk effect of HLA-B*27 variants (including HLA-B*2704, HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2715) in Chinese. The two newly discovered loci implicate genes related to bone formation and cartilage development, suggesting their potential involvement in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis.     

食物分类与血压的关系研究

目的通过对人群不同食物分类的摄入天数的调查,分析食物分类与血压之间的关系。方法随机从某单位选取101名职工为调查对象,年龄在31～57岁,男性34人,女性67人。所有调查对象均进行膳食问卷调查和血压的测量,通过logistics回归分析食物分类与血压之间的关系。结果血压偏高组人群平均每周摄入各类食物的比例均较血压正常少,其中蛋类及其制品、豆类及豆制品、谷类（大米,面食,杂粮）、牛奶及奶制品、肉类（猪,牛,羊,家禽）、新鲜蔬菜和水果的天数明显少于血压正常纽（P〈0．05）;通过logistics回归分析发现,谷类、牛奶及奶制品摄入的天数的增多对血压有一定的保护作用（P〈0．05）,其logistics回归分析OR值分别为0．61、0．41。结论食用谷类及奶制品对于预防高血压发生有重要的意义。     

Deep Learning-Based Classification of the Polar Emotions of “Moe”-Style Cartoon Pictures

The cartoon animation industry has developed into a huge industrial chain with a large potential market involving games, digital entertainment, and other industries. However, due to the coarse-grained classification of cartoon materials, cartoon animators can hardly find relevant materials during the process of creation. The polar emotions of cartoon materials are an important reference for creators as they can help them easily obtain the pictures they need. Some methods for obtaining the emotions of cartoon pictures have been proposed, but most of these focus on expression recognition. Meanwhile, other emotion recognition methods are not ideal for use as cartoon materials. We propose a deep learning-based method to classify the polar emotions of the cartoon pictures of the "Moe" drawing style. According to the expression feature of the cartoon characters of this drawing style, we recognize the facial expressions of cartoon characters and extract the scene and facial features of the cartoon images. Then, we correct the emotions of the pictures obtained by the expression recognition according to the scene features. Finally, we can obtain the polar emotions of corresponding picture. We designed a dataset and performed verification tests on it, achieving 81.9% experimental accuracy. The experimental results prove that our method is competitive.     

基于有序Logistic回归模型的北京高校男生有氧能力

为探索北京高校男生有氧能力的影响因素,通过随机抽样法抽取134名18~25岁北京高校男生,空腹抽静脉血测血液指标,用德国MetaMax 3B系统实时监测气体代谢,通过线性递增方案测得VO2max相对值。基于Spearman相关、有序Logistic回归等分析方法进行分析处理。结果表明：北京高校男生有序Logistic回归方程：Ln{P(Y≤1|x)/1-P(Y≤1|x)}=-2.757-0.067*X1-0.025*X2+0.066*X3+0.018*X4-0.009*X5;Ln{P(Y≤2|x)/1-P(Y≤2|x)}=-0.771-0.067*X1-0.025*X2+0.066*X3+0.018*X4-0.009*X5（X1=体重、X2=心率(heart rate, HR)、X3=每搏输出量(stroke volume, SVI)、X4=心室射血时间(ventricular ejection time, VET)、X5=血红蛋白(hemoglobin, HGB)）。回归方程模型系数综合检验步(step)、块(block)、模型(model)检验的P值均小于0.01;拟合优度检验的-2对数似然值(-2LL)为159.374,Cox&SnellR2为0.331,NagelkerkeR2为0.373;预测等级1准确率为45.5%,等级2准确率为100%,等级3准确率为100%,综合为81.8%,说明Logistic回归模型性能良好。Hosmer和Lemeshow检验预测值与观望值无显著性差异（P>0.05）。可见北京高校男生定量负荷心功能、血液指标与有氧能力的多元Logistic回归模型拟合度较好,且HR、SVI、VET、HGB是有氧运动能力的重要预测因素。     

简论动词性双音化结构的句法语义和语序效应--与英语对比的视角

在学界对汉语双音化研究成果的基础上，系统探讨了双音化的句法语序效应：双音化动词（组）削弱了动性，宾语基本能够提前为话题，增强了汉语话题优先性类型特征；动词性双音化在历时发展中凝固了过程义和结果义，作格性增强，使汉语的词类交叉更为明显；动词性双音化蕴含一定的体意义，使汉语体系统更加完备；动词性双音化加强了汉语基本语言单位的可分析性。     

煤粉管道堵塞故障分析

文章结合运行调整,分析了300 MW直接空冷机组,锅炉采用中储式制粉系统运行中因给粉机叶轮孔板销子脱落,煤粉自流引起煤粉管道堵塞对机组安全运行的影响,通过对故障现象的分析,介绍了故障诊断及处理过程.     

含有氨基酸基团的聚(ε-己内酯)合成与表征

采用氨基酸钠游离的氨基引发ε-己内酯单体开环得到酯肽齐聚物,并以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯为扩链剂,将这些齐聚物扩链合成4种聚酯酰胺.将4种天然氨基酸(L-丙氨酸、L-亮氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-赖氨酸)引入到聚(ε-己内酯)(poly(ε-caprolactone),PCL)中,合成和表征了4种含有氨基酸残基的聚合物.通过1H-NMR、FT-IR、水接触角、水吸收率和降解实验对该聚酯酰胺进行了表征.实验结果表明:经氨基酸改性PCL的亲水性和降解性得到了改善,其中含有L-赖氨酸残基的聚酯酰胺因亲水性最高,降解速率最快.     

On the human resources management and development of construction enterprises

人力资源是21世纪市场经济中最重要的竞争力,而建筑施工企业的人力资源仍存在许多问题,必将制约该行业的发展.文章从人力资源管理与开发的理论出发,阐述了建筑施工业中人力资源的现状,分析了现状背后的原因,并提出了相应的对策建议.