Process mineralogy characteristics of acid leaching residue produced in low-temperature roasting-acid leaching pretreatment process of refractory gold concentrates

To provide a theoretical basis for a suitable process to extract gold from refractory gold concentrates, process mineralogy on the acid leaching residue of gold calcine was studied by chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy spectrum, and mineral dissociation analysis. The results showed that the acid leaching residue contained Au 68.22 g/t, Ag 92.71 g/t, Fe 0.44%, As 0.10%, and S 0.55%. Gold and silver minerals existed as native gold, argentite, and proustite. Quartz, the main gangue mineral, accounted for 78.33wt/%. The dissociation degree analysis showed that the proportions of monomer and exposed gold in acid leaching residue were 96.66wt%. The cyanidation results showed that the cyanide gold leaching rate of acid leaching residues was close to 100wt%. However, the maximum cyanide gold leaching rate of gold calcine was only 85.31wt%. This suggests that acid leaching can increase the gold dissolution rate in the cyanide process.     

北京市水资源利用与经济增长动态关系研究——基于VAR与SVAR模型分析

基于1990—2012年北京GDP数据和三次产业用水量数据,进行GDP数据与三次产业用水量的平稳性检验和协整检验,检验通过后,对四组数据构建SVAR模型,利用脉冲响应函数,分析北京GDP与三次产业用水量之间的相互关系,结果显示第一产业用水量、第二产业用水量与北京GDP的增长负相关,第三产业用水量与北京GDP的增长正相关.     

城乡水务一体化管理综合评价与实证分析——以贵州城乡水务一体化为例

城乡水务一体化管理模式是处理涉水事务的行之有效的方式,它实现了由一个部门对地表水与地下水、水量与水质的统一规划与调度.该模式是一种全新的水务管理体制,也是我国管理涉水事务的一种发展趋势.目前我国大部分地区都基本实现了城乡水务一体化管理,但各个地区发展的程度有所不同.以贵州省为例,综合考虑城乡水务一体化管理的基本原则和目标,采用层次分析法对其管理现状进行综合评价研究.     

移动交界面流固耦合传热的数值稳定性分析

研究了交界面移动情况下流固耦合稳态传热的数值稳定性问题.考虑Dirichlet-Robin组合边界条件,用速度表征交界面的移动情况,流体域和固体域分别采用有限体积法和有限单元法进行离散及数值求解,利用Goudonov-Ryabenkii理论正则模态分析方法重点研究了交界面移动时数值方法的稳定性,最终获得了一条由耦合系数和移动速度组成的最优曲线,并且证明了当耦合系数和移动速度在这条曲线上取值时,离散的求解域能够达到最快的收敛速度及绝对的稳定性特征.为设计人员进行数值仿真时选取合理的参数提供了参考.     

苯并[1，2-b：4，5-b’]二噻吩-thieno[3，4-易]thiadiazole导电性的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论，在B3LYP／6—31G（d）水平下，对苯并[1，2-b：4，5-b’]二噻吩（BDT）-thieno[3，4-b]thiadiaz01e（TD）的低聚物和聚合物进行了理论计算．其中，BDT为电子供体，TD为电子受体，以1：2的方式结合形成化合物，并计算了二面角、分子内的电荷传输、桥键键长和中心键电荷密度．结果显示：随着聚合链增长，共轭程度增加．NICSs值显示：中心环比边环的共轭程度更大．聚合物的能带结构表明：该聚合物的带隙比较低（0．87eV），故其可以作为潜在的导电材料．     

Mechanical behavior of a near α titanium alloy under dynamic compression: Characterization and modeling

Dynamic compression tests under strain rates from 870 s^?1 to 2100 s^?1 were conducted for a near α Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V titanium alloy with equiaxed microstructure. Compression behavior, adiabatic shearing and band microstructure were investigated via characterization and calculation. The results demonstrate that all dynamic constitutive curves exhibited obvious stress fluctuation phenomenon with double increase-decrease changing stages at the primary stage of compression. The dislocation multiplication theory can be used to explain this phenomenon. After the stress fluctuation period, work hardening coexisted with the thermal softening, resulting in the slow hardening tendency in constitutive curves. J-C model was utilized to quantify the dynamic constitutive curves. The deviations between the predicted and experimental curves under high strain rates may be attributed to the over-consideration of thermal softening effect in J-C model. Adiabatic shearing band (ASB) began to form under the strain rate of 2100 s^?1. A total shearing strain of 8.1 within ASB achieved in 8.9 μs, corresponding to a local strain rate of about 9.1 × 10⁵ s^?1 and is over 430 times of the macro strain rate. Post annealing was conducted on ASB before EBSD characterization. Due to the static recrystallization during annealing, the α phase within ASB generally presented as ultra-fine grains less than 1 μm in diameter.     

Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels

Flow and heat transfer of aqueous based silica and alumina nanofluids in microchannels were experimentally investigated. The measured friction factors were higher than conventional model predictions at low Reynolds numbers particularly with high nanoparticle concentrations. A decrease in the friction factor was observed with increasing Reynolds number, possibly due to the augmentation of nanoparticle aggregate shape arising from fluid shear and alteration of local nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid viscosity. Augmentation of the silica nanoparticle morphology by fluid shear may also have affected the friction factor due to possible formation of a core/shell structure of the particles. Measured thermal conductivities of the silica nanofluids were in approximate agreement with the Maxwell-Crosser model, whereas the alumina nanofluids only showed slight enhancements. Enhanced convective heat transfer was observed for both nanofluids, relative to their base fluids (water), at low particle concentrations. Heat transfer enhancement increased with increasing Reynolds number and microchannel hydraulic diameter. However, the majority of experiments showed a larger increase in pumping power requirements relative to heat transfer enhancements, which may hinder the industrial uptake of the nanofluids, particularly in confined environments, such as Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).     

Guaranteed Cost Finite-Time Control of Fractional-Order Nonlinear Positive Switched Systems with D-Perturbations via MDADT

This paper is concerned with the problem of guaranteed cost finite-time control of fractionalorder nonlinear positive switched systems(FONPSS) with D-perturbation. Firstly, the proof of the positivity of FONPSS with D-perturbation is given, the definition of guaranteed cost finite-time stability is firstly given in such systems. Then, by constructing linear copositive Lyapunov functions and using the mode-dependent average dwell time(MDADT) approach, a static output feedback controller is constructed, and sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee that the corresponding closed-loop system is guaranteed cost finite-time stable(GCFTS). Such conditions can be easily solved by linear programming. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

含二次隶属函数的模糊二次规划模型求解

基于一种新定义的可调节二次隶属函数,研究了一类带有模糊资源约束的模糊二次规划模型,同时给出了两种相应的求解方法—扩展的Zimmermann算法和扩展的参数规划法。实例表明,两类方法均有一定的合理性和有效性。     

“人对人是狼”——霍布斯的人性理论浅析

霍布斯基于人的自然性，运用机械唯物主义的方法，形成其完整独特的人性理论。他先从人性的“自然欲望公理”推出“一切人对一切人的战争”的自然状态；再由人的“自然理性公理”归结出的自我保全原则，导出人们为了摆脱这一自然状态而付诸理性发现的自然法。