医院手术室局部层流净化装置的研究

本文介绍了国内外手术室微生物控制标准及其设施的现状。针对手术室细菌浓度大、感染率高的问題,在现有研究成果的基础上,设计了一种新的手术室用局部层流净化装置——可调方向气幕保护的局部层流净化机组。从理论和实验两方面证明了该装置的优越性。装置的各项性能指标——速度场、尘埃浓度场、细菌浓度场及噪声均达到较先进的水平。     

VEGF links hippocampal activity with neurogenesis, learning and memory

An enriched environment is associated with hippocampal plasticity, including improved cognitive performance and increased neurogenesis. Here, we show that hippocampal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is increased by both an enriched environment and performance in a spatial maze. Hippocampal gene transfer of VEGF in adult rats resulted in approximately 2 times more neurogenesis associated with improved cognition. In contrast, overexpression of placental growth factor, which signals through Flt1 but not kinase insert domain protein receptors (KDRs), had negative effects on neurogenesis and inhibited learning, although it similarly increased endothelial cell proliferation. Expression of a dominant-negative mutant KDR inhibited basal neurogenesis and impaired learning. Coexpression of mutant KDR antagonized VEGF-enhanced neurogenesis and learning without inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. Furthermore, inhibition of VEGF expression by RNA interference completely blocked the environmental induction of neurogenesis. These data support a model in which VEGF, acting through KDR, mediates the effect of the environment on neurogenesis and cognition.     

Juxtaposed regions of extensive and minimal linkage disequilibrium in human Xq25 and Xq28

Linkage disequilibrium (LD), or the non-random association of alleles, is poorly understood in the human genome. Population genetic theory suggests that LD is determined by the age of the markers, population history, recombination rate, selection and genetic drift. Despite the uncertainties in determining the relative contributions of these factors, some groups have argued that LD is a simple function of distance between markers. Disease-gene mapping studies and a simulation study gave differing predictions on the degree of LD in isolated and general populations. In view of the discrepancies between theory and experimental observations, we constructed a high-density SNP map of the Xq25-Xq28 region and analysed the male genotypes and haplotypes across this region for LD in three populations. The populations included an outbred European sample (CEPH males) and isolated population samples from Finland and Sardinia. We found two extended regions of strong LD bracketed by regions with no evidence for LD in all three samples. Haplotype analysis showed a paucity of haplotypes in regions of strong LD. Our results suggest that, in this region of the X chromosome, LD is not a monotonic function of the distance between markers, but is more a property of the particular location in the human genome.     

Online uniform machine covering with the known largest size

This paper investigates the semi-online scheduling problem with the known largest size on two uniform machines. The objective is to maximize the minimum machine completion time. Both lower bounds and algorithms are given. Algorithms are optimal for the majority values of s≥1, where s is the speed ratio of the two machines. The largest gap between the competitive ratio and the lower bound is about 0.064. Moreover, the overall competitive ratio 2 matches the overall lower bound.     

可拓凸集

本文讨论了可拓凸集的若干性质。同时,给出了可拓凸集的分离度和严格分离度的定义,以及凸可拓集的分离度和分离定理,引入了可拓线性内点的概念,得出了线性空间中可拓凸集的分离定理和严格分离定理,为解决现实世界中的不相容问题奠定了基础。     

电子计算机在微生物分类和鉴定中的应用

微生物学领域是最早应用电子计算机进行分类、鉴定工作的领域之一。计算机的引入给微生物的分类和鉴定带来了革命性的变化。本文简要论述了电子计算机在微生物分类和鉴定中的应用概况、发展前景，以及数量分类法、提纲式检索表与计算机的关系等问题。     

室内空间利用中家具的处理手法

论述了如何在有限的室内空间里利用家具这个积极因素，为广大住户提供舒适、合理、方便的室内空间。     

Ellingham图及其在金属制取中的应用

说明了金属氧化物热力学稳定性与其生成反应的标准自由能变化之间的关系，分析了Ｅｌｌｉｎｇｈａｍ图的热力学意义，讨论了金属还原反应的自发性，说明了选择不同金属氧化物的还原剂的热力学依据。