带涡产生器的圆管管片式换热器流场及温度场的数值分析

用数值方法分析了涡产生器式圆管管片式换热板芯单个圆管单元区域内的速度场和温度场.计算结构针对某实际换热器结构,S1=20 mm,S2=15.5 mm,tp=2.5 mm,涡产生器攻角为45.°计算时选取雷诺数范围为500~20 000,选取R e=1 000和10 000时的计算结果进行了讨论和分析.涡产生器产生的纵向涡旋增强了圆管尾流区流体的掺混和能量交换,并带动尾流区流体及时向下游流动.与平片翅片结构比较,涡产生器式圆管管片式换热板芯尾流区流体与壁面温差增大,有利于增强换热.     

非线性模型内外噪音的统一描述

本文研究非线模型中内、外噪音的统一描述.通过对噪音的实现求平均,得到广义福克-普朗克方程(GFPE).发现从某一阶矩开始,出现内、外噪音的耦合效应.文中还对Verhulst模型进行了具体的讨论.     

乘法分拆函数的均值

设g(n)为自然数n乘法分拆的计数函数.本文主要讨论了g(n)均值的上界估计,证明了 ,此处O常数仅与■(>0)有关.     

多目标线性规划的一种矩阵对策方法

提出了一种求解多目标线性规划问题的人机对话方法，其基本原理与ＳＴＥＭ方法大致相同，但采用了两人零和混合对策思想确定Ｔｃｈｅｂｙｃｈｅｖ距离中的相对权重，使权重的确定方法较传统的机械式相对固定权重确定方法更为合理     

Al（Ⅲ）—EGTA—PR—CPB显色体系的研究

在pH5.0-5.9的微酸性溶液中.铝(Al).乙二醇二乙醚二氨基四乙酸(EGTA)、邻苯三酚红(PR)和阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)迅速反应,形成一蓝色配位化合物,最大吸收波长于615nm处。该配位化合物的组成为Al(Ⅲ)∶EGTA∶PR∶CPB=1∶1∶3∶12,表观摩尔吸光系数为5.9×10~4dm~3·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1).25cm~3溶液中,0-8μg含量范围内的Al(Ⅲ)遵守比尔定律,17种常见离子和5种阴离子不干扰Al(Ⅲ)的测定。     

我国优秀女子足球运动员身体形态特征讨论

通过对参加第六届全运会女子足球决赛的8个队144名运动员身体形态的测量,以揭示我国优秀女子足球运动员身体形态的特征,为今后制定各级女子足球运动员选才标准提供参考依据,为建立优秀女子足球运动员的技术档案和培养优秀女子足球运动员提供便利条件。     

铜在铜-铝合金界面的反应扩散研究

采用纯铜-(Cu-30wt%Al)组成的扩散偶,研究了800℃时Cu-Al反应扩散产物的扩散组织与时间之间的关系,并测定了显微硬度。结果表明,在800℃时Cu-Al界面反应产物与Cu-Al二元平衡相图中存在的各相相对应。     

Polyglutamine expansion of huntingtin impairs its nuclear export

Proteins with polyglutamine (polyQ) expansions accumulate in the nucleus and affect gene expression. The mechanism by which mutant huntingtin (htt) accumulates intranuclearly is not known; wild-type htt, a 350-kDa protein of unknown function, is normally found in the cytoplasm. N-terminal fragments of mutant htt, which contain a polyQ expansion (>37 glutamines), have no conserved nuclear localization sequences or nuclear export sequences but can accumulate in the nucleus and cause neurological problems in transgenic mice. Here we report that N-terminal htt shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus in a Ran GTPase-independent manner. Small N-terminal htt fragments interact with the nuclear pore protein translocated promoter region (Tpr), which is involved in nuclear export. PolyQ expansion and aggregation decrease this interaction and increase the nuclear accumulation of htt. Reducing the expression of Tpr by RNA interference or deletion of ten amino acids of N-terminal htt, which are essential for the interaction of htt with Tpr, increased the nuclear accumulation of htt. These results suggest that Tpr has a role in the nuclear export of N-terminal htt and that polyQ expansion reduces this nuclear export to cause the nuclear accumulation of htt.     

Pulse radiolysis studies of functionally substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquids

The reactions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids having different substituent groups on the ring with hydrated electrons (eaq-),hydroxyl radicals (·OH),and sulfate anion radicals (SO4·-) were investigated using nanosecond pulse radiolysis techniques.The spectra of these ionic liquids on reaction with eaq-all exhibited a similar peak at about 320 nm,and a typical peak for eaq-in aqueous ionic liquid solutions.The reaction rate constants for 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium-based ionic liquid hexafluorophosphates (BMIPF 6) with eaq-were deduced to be 10 10 L mol-1s-1,however the values were lower for trisubstituted ionic liquids.For example,the rate constant for 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMMIBF 4) was 5.5×10 9 L mol-1s-1.Imidazolium-based ionic liquids reacted with hydroxyl radicals via adducts to produce a mixture of isomeric OH adducts,and the pk a value of the OH adducts was deduced to be 8.4±0.4 for 1-butyl-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF 4).Moreover,imidazolium cations were also oxidized by SO4·-to produce bivalent cation radicals,which exhibit a peak at 320 nm,and these rate constants are of the same order of magnitude,i.e.,10 9 L mol-1s-1,except that for 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate with SO4·-(k=2.8×10 8 L mol-1 s-1).Theoretical calculations were carried out to estimate the structures of the products of reduction by eaq- and the results were related to the experimental data.     

乘法噪声对双模激光竞争效应的影响

讨论了乘法噪声对双模激光模间竞争效应的影响．通过线性稳定性分析,得到一些极有意义的结论：在强耦合区,若无乘法噪声存在时,两模的竞争效应表现为只有一个模能建立起稳定振荡,而另一个模被抑制,但当有乘法噪声存在时,两个模可能同时建立起稳定振荡;在弱耦合区,若无乘法噪声存在时,两模的竞争效应表现为两个模能同时建立起稳定振荡,但当有噪声存在时,两模中可能有一个被抑制．