铁路基床翻浆冒泥病害成因的细观机理分析

基于朔黄铁路基床填料动力响应特性试验数据,建立PFC2D饱和粗颗粒土动三轴数值模型,选用线性黏结颗粒接触反映粗颗粒土的黏结特性,从细观力学和几何学角度研究翻浆冒泥病害形成的细观机理.结果表明:该数值模型能较好地反映粗颗粒土的动力响应特性.振动荷载通过改变土体颗粒与颗粒之间的接触荷载,破坏颗粒间的黏结键,形成自由颗粒和孔...     

斜坡桩-土体系动力p-y曲线影响因素分析

碎石土斜坡场地桩-土体系动力相互关系及其主要影响因素的研究成果鲜少。基于此,本文以西南地区穿越典型地形地貌和地基土大类的某一线路工程为例,调研分析斜坡桩基震害特点,并采用FLAD3D建立斜坡桩-土体系分析模型,研究斜坡桩-土体系动力p-y曲线的影响因素。获得了动力荷载作用下碎石土斜坡动力p-y曲线基本特点,建议了以滞回圈极值点或拐点绘制骨干曲线的方法,进一步归结出动力p-y曲线的刚度、桩土相互作用力、桩土相对位移及曲线滞回圈面积与埋深、桩径、碎石土相对密度和斜坡坡度的关系,最终引入桩侧土反力的桩径影响因子FD、土性密度影响因子FM、斜坡坡度影响因子Fβ,用于描述上述因素对桩侧土反力影响情况。以上研究成果可以更好的表述碎石土斜坡桩基在地震荷载作用下的桩-土体系间相互关系。     

基于随机矩阵理论的局部放电脉冲快速检测方法

局部放电(partial discharge,PD)的检测是开展电力设备状态评估的重要手段之一.由于现场背景噪声及干扰信号影响,采集到的局部放电信号往往淹没在噪声中.噪声抑制算法是提高局部放电脉冲检测的有效方法,但这些噪声抑制算法往往需要针对所有采集的数据展开,当数据量特别大的时候将严重影响其实时性.因此,提出了一种基...     

基于深度学习的反无人机预警神经网络

为解决传统雷达探测设备面对低小慢无人机时产生的难检测与易突防问题,通过深度卷积神经网络对空中无人机进行实时识别,提取目标的类别与像空间位置信息;根据无人机像空间位置在时域下的变化趋势,绘制无人机飞行映射轨迹;利用长短期记忆网络对飞行映射轨迹进行预测,获取无人机在未来时域内的预测航迹方向,实现对无人机的预警跟踪、实时...     

纳米铝在炸药中的分散性和成型性

为了研究纳米铝在炸药中的分散性和成型性,利用不同溶剂对纳米铝进行了分散;利用超声波分散法、高速剪切混合法、叶片式搅拌混合、分散加高速分散机混合对黑索金/铝(RDX/Al)体系进行分散;采用熔融混合造粒工艺研究了不同纳米铝粉含量的成型性,采用直接混合造粒工艺研究了不同纳米铝粉含量对RDX/Al体系成型性,结果表明:乙酸乙...     

铁素体/珠光体界面对耐酸管线钢氢致开裂敏感性的影响

利用OM、SEM、EBSD、TEM等手段,分别对热轧态和退火态耐酸管线钢的微观组织、晶界分布、位错及析出相进行表征,测试了不同组织管线钢的氢致开裂(HIC)敏感性,计算分析了有效氢扩散系数、氢陷阱密度及其对不同组织的氢捕获效率,重点探讨了铁素体/珠光体(F/P)界面对耐酸管线钢HIC敏感性的影响。结果表明,随着管线钢珠光体含量的增加,F/Fe_3C界面及F/P界面越多,二者作为不可逆氢陷阱会阻碍氢的扩散,提高氢的捕获效率,有效氢扩散系数降低,管线钢的HIC敏感性提高;F/P界面附近位错的聚集会加速氢原子向高界面能的F/P界面聚集,使氢致裂纹起始于F/P界面处,并沿着F/P界面扩展。     

Thermal degradation of BaAl2Si2O8：Eu2＋ phosphor excited by near ultraviolet light

Eu2+ doped BaAl2Si2O8 phosphor was synthesized by one-step calcination of precursors that were prepared by chemical co-precipitation.The thermal degradation properties of BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ were investigated by photoluminescence,lifetime and chromaticity coordinate measurements.BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ is efficiently excited by incident light of 250-400 nm,which matches the emission of near ultraviolet LED chips well.BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ exhibits broad blue emission at 470 nm because of the 4f65d1-4f7(8S7/2) transition of Eu2+ ions,and the emission band shows an unusual blue shift with bandwidth broadening and emission intensity decreasing as the annealing temperature is increased.The luminescence decay and CIE chromaticity coordinates of BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ were determined to investigate its application in white LEDs.     

Preparation, characterization and photodegradation of methylene blue based on TiO2 microparticles modified with thiophene substituents

The new microparticles,2-formylthiophene(FT)/TiO2 and(E)-1,2-bis(5-formyl-2-thienyl) ethylene(EBFTE)/TiO2 were synthesized with a silane coupling agent.The prepared TiO2 composites were characterized using Ultraviolet-Vis absorption(UV-Vis),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA).Methylene blue was used as a model material to examine the photocatalytic activities of the prepared catalysts under both Ultraviolet-Vis(UV) and visible(Vis) light.The enhanced photocatalytic activities were observed in the presence of(FT)/TiO2 and EBFTE/TiO2 under Vis light.It suggests that FT or EBFTE plays a block or active role in the photodegradation mechanisms under UV and Vis light irradiation,respectively.     

Redox modulated hydrogelation of a self-assembling short peptide amphiphile

Hydrogels resulting from the self-assembly of small peptides are smart nanobiomaterials as their nanostructuring can be readily tuned by environmental stimuli such as pH,ionic strength and temperature,thereby favoring their practical applications.This work reports experimental observations of formation of peptide hydrogels in response to the redox environment.Ac-I 3 K-NH 2 is a short peptide amphiphile that readily self-assembles into long nanofibers and its gel formation occurs at concentrations of about 10 mmol/L.Introduction of a Cys residue into the hydrophilic region leads to a new molecule,Ac-I 3 CGK-NH 2,that enables the formation of disulfide bonds between self-assembled nanofibers,thus favoring cross-linking and promoting hydrogel formation.Under oxidative environment,Ac-I 3 CGK-NH 2 formed hydrogels at much lower concentrations(even at 0.5 mmol/L).Furthermore,the strength of the hydrogels could be easily tuned by switching between oxidative and reductive conditions and time.However,AFM,TEM,and CD measurements revealed little morphological and structural changes at molecular and nano dimensions,showing no apparent influence arising from the disulfide bond formation.     

中国大学学术权力与行政权力的协调整合

提出了协调整合我国学术权力与行政权力的若干建议.指出:尽管我国主要采取学术权力与行政权力并重的模式,但根据我国的具体实际,还需采取适度向学术权力倾斜,以学术权力为重的导向,以避免行政权力的强势地位.