以课题研究为主导的预防医学毕业生综合创新能力培养

通过对正确选题、规范训练和严格质控等几个方面的探讨,提出并分析了环境卫生学专业在本科生专题毕业实习中构建的"以课题研究为主线,培养学生综合创新能力"的教学模式与理念.     

基于时间序列的灰色预测技术在估产模型中的应用

在建立估产模型过程中，引进基于时间序列的灰色预测技术，通过对样本点建立基于时间序列的灰色预测模型和常规的多元线性回归气象模型的分析比较，试图找到一种计算简单，数据要求少而精度较高，时效性较好的建模方法，为时间序列预测在农作物估产方面的应用作出一点探索。     

图书财产号两种印制方法的比较研究

介绍了图书馆图书财产号印制方法的两次变革,探讨了两种印制方法的影响因素,比较了两种印制方法的优点及不足,指出使用不干胶的条形码取代财产号是图书馆藏与时俱进的必然选择。     

毕加索《格尔尼卡》的中美鉴赏对比研究——从中西思维方式的角度

通过《格尔尼卡》的中美鉴赏对比和基于认知方式的鉴赏,提高外语学习者的跨文化交际意识;从对一件作品的多元看法使中西鉴赏方法得到互补,加深对作品的理解,提高审美和批判性思维能力。     

江苏省优秀射箭运动员年龄结构特征分析

采用问卷调查、文献资料等方法,以江苏省射箭教练员、运动员作为调查对象,对其始训年龄、实际训练年限、出成绩的年龄段的特点和规律等问题进行调查分析,以全面了解射箭训练适应原理及与早期基础训练的关系,为青少年早期训练提供参考与建议.     

云南城市化道路的现实选择

城市化是人类社会经济发展的大趋势 ,也是衡量一个国家和地区现代化程度和水平的重要指标。结合云南的实际 ,分析云南城市化的现状和存在的主要问题 ,发现云南必须走“大中小城市并举、重点发展中小城市”的道路 ,才能促进云南城市化的健康发展和农村城市化目标的顺利实现     

A structural change in the kinesin motor protein that drives motility

Kinesin motors power many motile processes by converting ATP energy into unidirectional motion along microtubules. The force-generating and enzymatic properties of conventional kinesin have been extensively studied; however, the structural basis of movement is unknown. Here we have detected and visualized a large conformational change of an approximately 15-amino-acid region (the neck linker) in kinesin using electron paramagnetic resonance, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, pre-steady state kinetics and cryo-electron microscopy. This region becomes immobilized and extended towards the microtubule 'plus' end when kinesin binds microtubules and ATP, and reverts to a more mobile conformation when gamma-phosphate is released after nucleotide hydrolysis. This conformational change explains both the direction of kinesin motion and processive movement by the kinesin dimer.     

300-Myr-old magmatic CO2 in natural gas reservoirs of the west Texas Permian basin

Except in regions of recent crustal extension, the dominant origin of carbon dioxide in fluids in sedimentary basins has been assumed to be from crustal organic matter or mineral reactions. Here we show, by contrast, that Rayleigh fractionation caused by partial degassing of a magma body can explain the CO2/3He ratios and delta13C(CO2) values observed in CO2-rich natural gases in the west Texas Val Verde basin and also the mantle 3He/22Ne ratios observed in other basin systems. Regional changes in CO2/3He and CO2/CH4 ratios can be explained if the CO2 input pre-dates methane generation in the basin, which occurred about 280 Myr ago. Uplift to the north of the Val Verde basin between 310 and 280 Myr ago appears to be the only tectonic event with appropriate timing and location to be the source of the magmatic CO2. Our identification of magmatic CO2 in a foreland basin indicates that the origin of CO2 in other mid-continent basin systems should be re-evaluated. Also, the inferred closed-system preservation of natural gas in a trapping structure for approximately 300 Myr is far longer than the residence time predicted by diffusion models.     

Urinary bladder hyporeflexia and reduced pain-related behaviour in P2X3-deficient mice

Extracellular ATP is implicated in numerous sensory processes ranging from the response to pain to the regulation of motility in visceral organs. The ATP receptor P2X3 is selectively expressed on small diameter sensory neurons, supporting this hypothesis. Here we show that mice deficient in P2X3 lose the rapidly desensitizing ATP-induced currents in dorsal root ganglion neurons. P2X3 deficiency also causes a reduction in the sustained ATP-induced currents in nodose ganglion neurons. P2X3-null mice have reduced pain-related behaviour in response to injection of ATP and formalin. Significantly, P2X3-null mice exhibit a marked urinary bladder hyporeflexia, characterized by decreased voiding frequency and increased bladder capacity, but normal bladder pressures. Immunohistochemical studies localize P2X3 to nerve fibres innervating the urinary bladder of wild-type mice, and show that loss of P2X3 does not alter sensory neuron innervation density. Thus, P2X3 is critical for peripheral pain responses and afferent pathways controlling urinary bladder volume reflexes. Antagonists to P2X3 may therefore have therapeutic potential in the treatment of disorders of urine storage and voiding such as overactive bladder.     

射频PECVD方法生长含氢非晶碳膜的结构及摩擦学性能

利用射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术在不锈钢表面制备了含氢非晶碳膜.采用Raman光谱、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱和原子力显微镜等研究了薄膜的微观结构和表面形貌,在栓盘摩擦磨损试验机上考察了薄膜在不同载荷与滑动速度下的摩擦学性能.结果表明:所制备的含氢非晶碳膜具有典型的类金刚石结构特征,薄膜均匀、致密,表面粗糙度小;薄膜与不锈钢球对磨时显示出良好的抗磨减摩性能;薄膜的抗磨减摩性能同对磨件表面上形成的转移膜以及摩擦过程中薄膜结构的石墨化相关.