Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations before 2.2 billion years ago

The composition of the Earth's early atmosphere is a subject of continuing debate. In particular, it has been suggested that elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide would have been necessary to maintain normal surface temperatures in the face of lower solar luminosity in early Earth history. Fossil weathering profiles, known as palaeosols, have provided semi-quantitative constraints on atmospheric oxygen partial pressure (pO2) before 2.2 Gyr ago. Here we use the same well studied palaeosols to constrain atmospheric pCO2 between 2.75 and 2.2 Gyr ago. The observation that iron lost from the tops of these profiles was reprecipitated lower down as iron silicate minerals, rather than as iron carbonate, indicates that atmospheric pCO2 must have been less than 10(-1.4) atm--about 100 times today's level of 360 p.p.m., and at least five times lower than that required in one-dimensional climate models to compensate for lower solar luminosity at 2.75 Gyr. Our results suggest that either the Earth's early climate was much more sensitive to increases in pCO2 than has been thought, or that one or more greenhouse gases other than CO2 contributed significantly to the atmosphere's radiative balance during the late Archaean and early Proterozoic eons.     

抗人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）单克隆抗体的研制和特性分析

以HCG为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠Sp2/0—Ag14骨髓瘤细胞融合,经反复筛选和再克隆化,获得8株能稳定分泌抗HCG特异单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。对其中6个高效价单抗进行了特异性和抗原决定簇检测,选出两个抗相距较远不同决定簇的单抗(2D_4,4F_4)作进一步特性分析。结果显示:免疫球蛋白亚类鉴定,2D_4为IgGl亚类,4F_4为IgG2a亚类;亲和力常数(K_(affi)),2D_4为5.41±0.94×10~(-10)mol/L,4F_4为1.37±0.33×10~(-9)mol/L。证实该两种单克隆抗体可用于研制有关临床诊断试剂盒。     

极值原理统一的一种可能形式

本文注意到最小作用量原理,费马原理,H定理和最小熵产生原理等等最小最大原理之间的差别和联系,以变分法为工具,通过考察最小熵产生原理及H定理的另一种形式,得出与最小作用量原理,费马原理相似的结论：真实运动都是以某物理虽取极值,同时还研究了各极值原理的内在机制,找出各极值原理相似的物及根源,这样不但从数学形式上而且从内部的物理机理上将他们统一起来。     

16MnR钢夹杂物的行为

系统地调查研究了１６ＭｎＲ钢在整个生产过程中钢中夹杂物的演变规律和清洁度水平,重点考察了钢锭中大型氧化物夹杂的类型,数量,分布,来源的形成,结果表明：钢锭中夹杂物主要是块状Ａｌ２Ｏ３,钢锭中大颗粒夹杂物主要来源于复合渣卷渣。     

硅砂表面高温改性提高水玻璃砂强度的机理

Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱（ＥＤＳ）等的研究表明,硅砂表面存在吸附膜．高温改性使吸附膜被牢固烧结在砂粒表面,改变了吸附膜和砂粒表面的物理和化学特性,大大改善了湿润性,使粘结桥的断裂形式从附着断裂向内聚断裂转化,提高了水玻璃砂的强度．     

再入飞行器总体参数优化设计

研究再入飞行器总体参数的优化设计方法。方法在内部装填物参数给定的情况下,应用步长加速法与外点罚函数相结合的优化设计方法,以再入飞行器的最小质量为目标函数,求得最优设计方案。     

活菌制剂对雏鸡白痢沙门氏菌的体外拮抗及预防效果试验

从健康鸡的新鲜粪便中分离到乳酸杆菌和粪链球菌,佐以地衣芽孢杆菌,按不同比例制成活菌制剂。比较其对雏鸡白痢沙门氏菌的体外拮抗作用。结果表明,复合菌的组合适宜,对雏鸡白痢沙门氏菌的生长有很强的抑制作用。用此复合菌培养物预防人工感染的雏鸡白痢病,其预防保护率为８５％。     

无蹼壁虎消化道组织学及组化观察初报

Ｃａｒｎｏｙ固定,常规石蜡包埋、切片、Ｈ．Ｅ染色、ＰＡＳ反应、ＲＮＡ反应,对无蹼壁虎消化道的组织学进行光镜观察．结果表明：其消化道由同心圆的粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜层组成．绒毛发达,绒毛的上皮细胞为单层柱状上皮．消化腺为分枝管状腺．ＰＡＳ反应显示柱状细胞纹状缘,杯状细胞和腺细胞呈强阳性,与分泌的粘多糖有关．ＲＮＡ反应显示腺细胞呈强阳性,与腺细胞分泌活动有关．     

Explicit analytical solutions of non-Fourier heat conduction equation for IC chip

Four basic explicit analytical solutions of non-Fourier heat conduction equation simulating IC chip thermal condition are derived. Some other analytical series solutions can also be derived with the above-mentioned basic solutions. Analytical solution has its own irreplaceable important meaning in theory. In addition, as the standard solution to check the accuracy, convergence and effectiveness of various numerical computational methods and their differencing schemes, grid generation ways and so on, the analytical solution is very useful also for the newly rapidly developing computational heat transfer.