基于快速模型匹配的飞行目标三维姿态角估计算法

采用动态模型匹配的基本原理,提出了一种基于二维图像序列的飞行目标三维姿态角估计算法。算法根据目标机动特点和姿态角约束关系,建立了降维动态模型库,在保证模型库完备性的同时减小了规模。根据相似性矩阵的分布规律提出了十字搜索法,加快了最佳匹配模型的搜索速度。仿真表明,该算法具有较好的准确性和实时性,对提高机动目标跟踪性能具有一定的理论意义。     

大庆榆树林油田最小混相压力的确定

为了确定了CO₂与榆树林油田原油的最小混相压力,在传统的测试方法的基础之上,提出并且完善了新的原油与CO2最小混相压力的确定方法;应用了高温高压的微观模型实验寻找原油与CO₂的最小混相压力,对比进行了细管实验和长岩心注入工艺实验的研究,证明综合应用结果要比以往的更直观和准确;确定了CO₂与榆树林油田原油的最小混相压力。证明了微观实验确定最小混相压力的可靠性。     

大学物理力学学习遇到的问题成因及对策

力学是(师范类)物理教育专业的一门基础课程,在大学一年级的第一学期开设,有些学生在开学的两、三个周以后会对物理学习感到失落和焦虑。如果能在这一时期给予他们及时有效的帮助,将对今后各门课程的学习都有深远、积极的作用。下面就对这一现象产生原因进行分析和提出相应教学对策。     

一种高精度相位噪声测量方法研究

本文介绍了利用相位检波器法测量相位噪声。详细分析了相位检波器法的工作原理、测量方法和步骤以及测量不确定度分析。     

气溶胶所致热晕的分析

当高能激光穿过大气时,大气中的分子和气溶胶粒子吸热会使大气密度发生变化,从而导致局部折射率变化,由此产生热晕效应。主要分析了热晕效应中气溶胶粒子等效吸收系数以及高能激光的功率问题。     

肯尼亚OLKARIA地热井空气泡沫流体定向钻井综合技术研究

定向钻井技术是在石油钻探中发展起来的,以后引用到地热钻井中来。肯尼亚地热井中由于地层漏失严重,须采用空气泡沫钻井方式,而井下温度又高,这对于地热井定向钻井技术是一种挑战,需要解决钻速低、井眼轨迹控制难度大、地热井测斜工具与方法、耐高温马达等困难,通过长城钻探公司在肯尼亚所打地热井的实践,成功地解决了以上难题,缩短了钻井周期,节约了钻井成本。     

碾压式石坝石压质量控制浅析

土石坝压实质量控朝是土石坝施工中的重点问题。从土的压实机理出发,选取正确的压实标准,通过击实、碾压试验,确定压实度和置大干密度及碾压参数,经对现场压实质量实时检测,依据施工质评标准,控制压实质量。本文对土石坝压实质量控制过程中步骤及存在的问题进行了策略分析。旨在正确地应用压实标准,合理探作试验规程,分析试验成果,确保工程质量。     

Polyadenylation factor CPSF-73 is the pre-mRNA 3'-end-processing endonuclease

Most eukaryotic messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) undergo extensive maturational processing, including cleavage and polyadenylation at the 3'-end. Despite the characterization of many proteins that are required for the cleavage reaction, the identity of the endonuclease is not known. Recent analyses indicated that the 73-kDa subunit of cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF-73) might be the endonuclease for this and related reactions, although no direct data confirmed this. Here we report the crystal structures of human CPSF-73 at 2.1 A resolution, complexed with zinc ions and a sulphate that might mimic the phosphate group of the substrate, and the related yeast protein CPSF-100 (Ydh1) at 2.5 A resolution. Both CPSF-73 and CPSF-100 contain two domains, a metallo-beta-lactamase domain and a novel beta-CASP (named for metallo-beta-lactamase, CPSF, Artemis, Snm1, Pso2) domain. The active site of CPSF-73, with two zinc ions, is located at the interface of the two domains. Purified recombinant CPSF-73 possesses RNA endonuclease activity, and mutations that disrupt zinc binding in the active site abolish this activity. Our studies provide the first direct experimental evidence that CPSF-73 is the pre-mRNA 3'-end-processing endonuclease.     

The trophic fingerprint of marine fisheries

Biodiversity indicators provide a vital window on the state of the planet, guiding policy development and management. The most widely adopted marine indicator is mean trophic level (MTL) from catches, intended to detect shifts from high-trophic-level predators to low-trophic-level invertebrates and plankton-feeders. This indicator underpins reported trends in human impacts, declining when predators collapse ("fishing down marine food webs") and when low-trophic-level fisheries expand ("fishing through marine food webs"). The assumption is that catch MTL measures changes in ecosystem MTL and biodiversity. Here we combine model predictions with global assessments of MTL from catches, trawl surveys and fisheries stock assessments and find that catch MTL does not reliably predict changes in marine ecosystems. Instead, catch MTL trends often diverge from ecosystem MTL trends obtained from surveys and assessments. In contrast to previous findings of rapid declines in catch MTL, we observe recent increases in catch, survey and assessment MTL. However, catches from most trophic levels are rising, which can intensify fishery collapses even when MTL trends are stable or increasing. To detect fishing impacts on marine biodiversity, we recommend greater efforts to measure true abundance trends for marine species, especially those most vulnerable to fishing.     

一种姿态角辅助的IMMPF算法

交互式多模型粒子滤波(IMMPF)算法把粒子滤波(PF,Particle Filter)引入交互式多模型估计(IMM)算法,从而能够有效地解决非线性、非高斯机动目标跟踪问题.首次把姿态角信息引入到针对空中机动目标跟踪的IMMPF算法中,通过姿态角测量与当前运动模式的模糊关联来辨识目标的机动模式,然后把辨识结果与IMMPF算法的后验粒子权值相融合,以提高算法本身的模型分辨能力;对机动目标跟踪的仿真实验表明,该方法能够有效地改善原跟踪算法的跟踪精度和稳定性.