基于法布里-珀罗干涉的全光纤振动检测仪

在传统的振动测量中,激光监测装置只能测量电机的单个参数.为实现对轴中心高为56 mm及以上电机的机械振动测量,建立了双通道独立测量系统.该系统可用于同时测量电机转轴的速度以及转轴产生的振动.该实验基于法布里-珀罗干涉、散斑干涉原理得到含有振动信号和速度信号的混合信号,将合成信号分解后,运用希尔伯特变换解调振动信号以及自...     

胰岛素抵抗及高血糖对GFAT活性的影响

分别观察了胰岛素抵抗和高血糖水平对己糖胺途径限速酶GFAT活性的影响.在alloxan高血糖小鼠模型中,与正常对照组比较,血清果糖胺水平升高了15.9%,肾组织GFAT活性升高了32.8%;经胰岛素治疗后,血清果糖胺水平降低了9.7%,其肾组织GFAT活性也降低了l9.4%.在高糖高脂饲料诱导的胰岛素抵抗的IR小鼠中,与同批正常对照组比较,正糖钳实验中稳态时葡萄糖输注率G IR值降低了69.3%,胰岛素耐量实验中的AUC值升高了38.1%,其肾脏组织GFAT活性也增加了26.6%.在胰岛素诱导的具有胰岛素抵抗的IR-H IR c细胞模型中,与正常H IR c细胞比较,其10、25 nmol/L胰岛素诱导的葡萄糖摄取能力分别降低了25.3%、21.1%,而GFAT活性分别增加了29.7%、46.5%.可见,GFAT活性与一段时间的平均血糖水平和胰岛素抵抗状态密切正相关.     

The coconut pathosystem: weed hosts of nymphs of the American palm Cixiid Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea)

Lethal yellowing (LY) of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae) is a disease of economic importance that is caused by the phytoplasma ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’ and is transmitted by the planthopper Haplaxius crudus (Van Duzee) (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). This study explores the weeds used by H. crudus nymphs and other Cixiidae in a coconut pathosystem in southern Mexico. Nymphs were collected directly from the root system of each weed by hand or with the help of a vacuum after carefully opening the culm. This study included 11 species of weeds: nine Poaceae [Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, B. humidicola (Rendle) Schweick, B. mutica (Forssk.) Stapf, Digitaria abyssinica (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) Stapf, Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv., Leersia hexandra Sw., Panicum laxum Sw., P. maximum Jacq., Paspalum notatum Flüggé]; one Cyperaceae [Cyperus ligularis L.], and one Portulacaceae: [Portulaca pilosa L.]. Brachiaria mutica, E. petraea, B. humidicola, P. maximum were identified as the principal host species for H. crudus nymphs. Brachiaria decumbens, D. abyssinica, and C. ligularis are new host records for the nymphs of H. crudus. Additionally, it was found that H. crudus may coexist with its cogeners H. skarphion Kramer (Cixiidae) and H. caldwelli Kramer (Cixiidae), on B. mutica. On C. ligularis, H. crudus may coexist with Oecleus snowi Ball (Cixiidae) nymphs. These results suggest that in the coconut pathosystem there is a complex of multitrophic interactions that should be considered in integrated management of LY.     

Increased migration of olfactory ensheathing cells secreting the Nogo receptor ectodomain over inhibitory substrates and lesioned spinal cord

Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation emerged some years ago as a promising therapeutic strategy to repair injured spinal cord. However, inhibitory molecules are present for long periods of time in lesioned spinal cord, inhibiting both OEC migration and axonal regrowth. Two families of these molecules, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPG) and myelin-derived inhibitors (MAIs), are able to trigger inhibitory responses in lesioned axons. Mounting evidence suggests that OEC migration is inhibited by myelin. Here we demonstrate that OEC migration is largely inhibited by CSPGs and that inhibition can be overcome by the bacterial enzyme Chondroitinase ABC. In parallel, we have generated a stable OEC cell line overexpressing the Nogo receptor (NgR) ectodomain to reduce MAI-associated inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Results indicate that engineered cells migrate longer distances than unmodified OECs over myelin or oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (OMgp)-coated substrates. In addition, they also show improved migration in lesioned spinal cord. Our results provide new insights toward the improvement of the mechanisms of action and optimization of OEC-based cell therapy for spinal cord lesion.     

Diet composition of an invasive population of Lithobates catesbeianus (American Bullfrog) from Argentina

The American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus has been introduced around the world, with invasive populations reported from almost all South American countries. A population of this species was introduced in the Calingasta department of San Juan province, which is an arid environment in western Argentina. This work provides information on the dietary composition of an invasive population of L. catesbeianus, and compares the degree of dietary overlap between adults and juveniles. Stomach contents of 169 bullfrogs (82 adults and 87 juveniles) were analysed. Adults consumed 40 prey taxa and Hymenoptera (Insecta) was the most numerous prey item (41.8%), followed by Araneae (13.6%) and Aeglidae (13.4%). Juveniles consumed 29 prey taxa and Hymenoptera constituted the highest percentage in prey number (77.2%). The trophic overlap niche index at the same level shows a value of 0.64 overlap in dietary community between adults and juveniles of this bullfrog. Aeglidae was volumetrically the most important trophic item (25.4%), followed by Anura (25.02%). Our results showed that cannibalism in bullfrogs is more common than the consumption of native anurans, coinciding with that reported in other populations of introduced bullfrogs. The high similarity in the diets of both size classes and the association between the size of the predator and prey suggest that the impact caused by bullfrogs throughout their ontogeny is high and probably has an impact on their prey. Freshwater crabs are the main items in the diet of Lithobates catesbeianus in other introduced populations and are usually the most conspicuous at our study site. The crabs in freshwater ecosystems are part of the lowest trophic level in the food chain. The major threats to the southern region’s freshwater crabs include deforestation, farming and exotic species. Lithobates catesbeianus has a generalist diet and high overlap between adults and juveniles.     

基于缩短装配设备空闲时间的车间装配方法

根据实际装配情况,通过对产品装配工艺图的分析,将一般装配问题中的产品装配工序虚拟分为具有惟一紧前、紧后的相关工序和独立工序,并针对独立工序的装配提出了一种新的装配方法,即缩短空闲时间法.这种方法的主要思想是把关键设备上的独立工序与空闲时间段分别按大小排序,针对二者的比较结果,采取不同的将独立工序插入到相应的空闲时间段中的装配方法,达到减少设备总空闲时间,并且使总装配时间不超过或尽量少超过由关键路径工序确定的装配时间的目的.实例验证该算法对装配问题是可行且有效的.     

光的粒子性与多普勒频移

从光的粒子性出发,运用狭义相对论中能量和动量的关系式,再根据原子发光过程中能量和动量的守恒定律,分析计算了运动原子和静止原子发射的光子的频率,从而得到了与波动光学中多普勒频移公式完全相同的数学表达式.     

基于AD9854的多功能信号源设计

为了实现高性价比、低相噪和低杂散的数字化信号源,提出了以直接数字频率合成芯片AD9854为核心的设计方案.系统最大限度地挖掘了AD9854的潜力,将数字信号处理器、可编程逻辑器件和先进先出存储器与AD9854紧密结合,输出正弦信号的最高频率为110 MHz、谐波失真小于-30 dBc.能够完成调幅、调频和频移键控等调制功能.     

空间3-TPS并联机床静平衡分析

对空间3-TPS并联机床的静平衡问题进行了理论分析及仿真优化.首先分析了机床自重产生的惯性力(力矩)对机床所造成的影响及驱动杆在整个工作空间中的输出力变化规律,然后采用液压平衡法和弹簧法平衡并联机床自重所造成的惯性力(力矩),最终大幅度降低了机床三驱动杆的输出力,实现了并联机床静平衡的目的.