塑料功能母料制备工艺及性能研究

针对塑料加工企业在使用塑料母料的过程中存在的问题,通过设计母料的最佳工艺条件,制备塑料功能母料,与现有的各类母料进行比较,分别测定母料的密度、熔体流动速率、灰分、挥发分等性能,考察母料的热学情况,对材料进行红外分析,总结出塑料母料的最佳工艺配方。同时比较了几种现有的塑料功能母料,实验结果具有很高的实用价值。     

基于小波包变换的电力系统谐波分析的研究

为了防止谐波对电力系统和用电设备的危害,分别用小波变换和小波包变换对电力系统谐波进行分析.仿真结果表明二者都能将基波从电流信号中正确地提取出来.而小波包变换比小波变换能够分解出更加丰富的谐波信号,利用小波包变换分解的各次谐波频率和幅度的误差率完全符合谐波分析的精度要求.     

峰值电流控制的有源纹波补偿Buck型LED驱动电源

为解决大功率LED照明中因电解电容导致的驱动电源与LED的长寿命不匹配这一问题,提出了采用有源纹波补偿电路取代传统驱动电源中电解电容的方案.首先,选用带斜坡补偿的、峰值电流控制的Buck型电路作为主电路,建立了峰值电流控制模式下电流环的传递函数;然后,通过幅频特性和相频特性分析,得到了不同程度斜坡补偿下的电流环稳定情况.最后,设计了峰值电流模式控制的有源纹波补偿Buck型LED驱动电源的原型电路.仿真和实验结果证实了此电路的正确性和可靠性.     

低轨道卫星隐蔽通信快速捕获技术研究

针对低轨道卫星隐蔽通信系统特有的接收机低信噪比、超大多普勒频偏及快速捕获要求等特点,提出一种时间频率二维准全并行多符号累积捕获实现算法,并对算法中关键参数进行优化设计.载荷样机测试结果表明,该算法在符号速率为1ksample/s,多普勒频偏为±50kHz,接收机信噪比Es/N0最小为3dB条件下,捕获时间优于100ms,漏检概率小于0.003,虚警概率小于3×10-6.     

Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence

Gorillas are humans' closest living relatives after chimpanzees, and are of comparable importance for the study of human origins and evolution. Here we present the assembly and analysis of a genome sequence for the western lowland gorilla, and compare the whole genomes of all extant great ape genera. We propose a synthesis of genetic and fossil evidence consistent with placing the human-chimpanzee and human-chimpanzee-gorilla speciation events at approximately 6 and 10 million years ago. In 30% of the genome, gorilla is closer to human or chimpanzee than the latter are to each other; this is rarer around coding genes, indicating pervasive selection throughout great ape evolution, and has functional consequences in gene expression. A comparison of protein coding genes reveals approximately 500 genes showing accelerated evolution on each of the gorilla, human and chimpanzee lineages, and evidence for parallel acceleration, particularly of genes involved in hearing. We also compare the western and eastern gorilla species, estimating an average sequence divergence time 1.75 million years ago, but with evidence for more recent genetic exchange and a population bottleneck in the eastern species. The use of the genome sequence in these and future analyses will promote a deeper understanding of great ape biology and evolution.     

Reductive glutamine metabolism by IDH1 mediates lipogenesis under hypoxia

Acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) is the central biosynthetic precursor for fatty-acid synthesis and protein acetylation. In the conventional view of mammalian cell metabolism, AcCoA is primarily generated from glucose-derived pyruvate through the citrate shuttle and ATP citrate lyase in the cytosol. However, proliferating cells that exhibit aerobic glycolysis and those exposed to hypoxia convert glucose to lactate at near-stoichiometric levels, directing glucose carbon away from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty-acid synthesis. Although glutamine is consumed at levels exceeding that required for nitrogen biosynthesis, the regulation and use of glutamine metabolism in hypoxic cells is not well understood. Here we show that human cells use reductive metabolism of α-ketoglutarate to synthesize AcCoA for lipid synthesis. This isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1)-dependent pathway is active in most cell lines under normal culture conditions, but cells grown under hypoxia rely almost exclusively on the reductive carboxylation of glutamine-derived α-ketoglutarate for de novo lipogenesis. Furthermore, renal cell lines deficient in the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein preferentially use reductive glutamine metabolism for lipid biosynthesis even at normal oxygen levels. These results identify a critical role for oxygen in regulating carbon use to produce AcCoA and support lipid synthesis in mammalian cells.     

放电等离子烧结制备碳化钛块材研究

利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)对碳化钛(TiC)/氢化钛(TiH2)混合粉末进行烧结以制备块材。利用X射线衍射(XRD)并结合Rietveld精修法对块材进行定性与结构分析;借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对块材断面微观形貌进行观察;测试了块材硬度并探讨SPS技术制备TiC块材的致密化过程与反应机理。结果表明:混合粉末经SPS烧结,获得了高度致密的TiC块材;与传统烧结方法比较,SPS技术更具低温快速性。     

氧化铈对水煤气变换反应催化剂的影响研究

采用程序升温氧化及脱附技术考察了CeO2对铁铬中温变换催化剂的氧化性能以及表面吸附性能的影响。研究表明,在铁铬中变催化剂中加入氧化铈,可明显改变催化剂的吸附性能与氧化性能。CeO2质量分数为3%时,对催化性质的改善作用最显著;CeO2具有结构型与电子型助剂的双重作用;少量CeO2的加入可以提高主剂分散度,提高催化剂的比表面积,但大量加入则会使CeO2本身积聚在催化剂表面,并对活性组分造成覆盖,反而降低了比表面积。     

丽江古城文化的保护和传承策略

独特的文化是民族身份的重要标志,丽江古城的文化则是由纳西族先民创造并一直延续至今的独特文化,是支撑丽江旅游业可持续发展的生命和灵魂,更是丽江古城被列为世界文化遗产、蜚声海内外的重要原因。随着旅游业的迅速发展,丽江的商业化气息日渐浓厚,古城文化面临着巨大危机。保护和传承古城文化,可以从制度建设、政策保障、市场监督、培养传承人等方面采取有效措施,以实现旅游业和古城文化的和谐发展。