Lower Cambrian yolk-pyramid embryos from Southern Shaanxi, China

TheCambrianexplosioniswidelyacceptedasthesuddenappearanceofnumerousbilateriananimalphylaatornearthebeginningofCambriantime[1,2 ] .The 5 30 million year oldMaotianshanShalefaunacontainstheoldestgoodwhole bodyfossilsofbilateri ans,documentinganincreasingnumberofpresent dayanimalphyla[3,4 ] orsubphyla[5] (evenincludingvertebrates[6～ 8] aswell)knownfromLowerCambri an .ThebeginningoftheCambrianperiodisdatedat5 43millionyearsago ,whenthefirstlargeandelabo ratefossilburrowstogetherwiththemicrosco…     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75Al10V15 alloy

The kinetic model for a ternary system is introduced based on the microscopic diffusion form of the phase-field equations for a binary alloy. The equation is solved in the reciprocal space. This model is used to investigate the early precipitation process of Ni75-Al10V15 by simulating the atomic pictures of the two ordered phases and calculating the order parameters of γ′(Ni3Al) phase. Simulation results show that the γ′ ordered phases precipitate from the disordered matrix by a non-classical nucleation mechanism, and the nonstoichiometric γ′ ordered phase appears first and then transforms into the stoichiometric one. Clusters of V atoms appear at the γ′ phase boundaries followed by the formation of the nonstoichiometric θ ordered phase. The farther the location from γ′ phase boundary is, the lower the order degree of θ phase is. There exist two kinds of DO22 ordered domains: a horizontal one and a vertical one, related to their adjacent γ′ phase boundaries. The model could describe the atomic ordering and composition clustering simultaneously, and any a priori assumption about the new phase structure and precipitation mechanism etc. is unnecessary.     

Function and interaction of maturation-promoting factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase during meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) cascade and maturation-promoting factor (MPF) play very important roles during meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte. Interaction between MAP kinase and MPF influences meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte throughout the animal kingdom, including stimulation of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), suppression of DNA replication, control of meiotic chromosome segregation, maintenance of metaphase II arrest, and resumption and completion of second meiosis. This review focuses on the function and interaction of MAP kinase and MPF during meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte.     

Determination of Henry''s Law constant for methyl hydroperoxide by long path FTIR

Methyl hydroperoxide (MHP, CH3OOH) is one of the main organic peroxides in the atmosphere. In order to understand how MHP partitions in atmospheric gas and liquid phases, the Henry's Law constant for its aqueous solution is determined. A novel technique is established for measuring gas-phase MHP concentration, I.e. The gas phase is collected by a gas-bag and then analyzed by long path Fourier transform infrared (LP-FTIR) spectrometry. At 283 K～303 K, the temperature dependence of the Henry's Law constant for MHP can be expressed as lnKH= a/T - b, a = 4386 ± 140, b = 9.19 ± 0.48, where KH is in unit of molar concentration per atm,and T is in degrees Kelvin. The standard heat of solution is 36.45 ± 1.16 kJ? K- 1? mol-1.     

技术标准制订过程中的经济学行为研究

实施标准化是我国新世纪应对世界经济一体化挑战的一种战略选择。本文介绍了技术标准的定义、作用和一般制订过程。在系统研究了技术标准制订过程中的经济学行为———谈判和博弈后 ,提出了技术标准制订过程中的政策建议     

一类短生命周期产品供应链的联合契约

研究了一类短生命周期产品的销售渠道协调问题。首先针对产品销售分阶段采用不同策略的现实，设计了回购和价格补贴相融合的联合契约，并构建了动态规划模型对其加以刻画；然后，给出了联合契约实现系统协调的必要紊件，并围绕协调利润分割方案给出了确定契约参数的方法；最后，得出了如下结论：(1)单一契约的两阶段模型均是该联合契约的特例；(2)联合契约可灵活实现双方的协调利润分割，并且实现系统协调仅依赖于系统的成本结构；(3)在高风险的市场环境下，供应商将成为缔结联合契约的积极倡导者。     

基于灰聚类和小波网络的企业投资决策绩效集成评价

基于公司的战略和利益相关者的考虑，本文设计了财务层面绩效指标、技术创新层面指标、顾客层面绩效指标、业务流程层面绩效指标、发展潜力层面绩效指标和社会和环保层面绩效指标六个层面的企业投资决策绩效评价指标体系。建立了标杆瞄准和主成分分析相结合的指标筛选的方法，设计了基于灰色聚类和小波网络模型的企业投资决策集成评价模型，并对焦化行业进行了实证分析。     

基于n阶Dickson多项式的公钥密码系统

利用n阶Dickson多项式给出一多项式序列，由此序列构造一种新的公钥密码系统。与基于2阶的Dickson多项式的LUC公钥系统相比，明文密文空间扩大，攻击该系统等价于分解大整数的同时还要求解若干个困难的高次同余式，使得破解难度增大，安全性增强。     

价值投资策略的行为金融学解释及其实证研究

对于价值股的市场表现优于成长股这一不争的事实，目前的理论解释主要有行为金融的“过度反应假说”与标准金融的“风险改变假说”。“过度反应假说”认为投资者对信息的过度反应导致股票价格的过度反应。目前行为金融理论已经实证了股票价格过度反应的存在，但没有实证投资者存在过度反应行为。本文引入交易量的概念来描述投资者的行为，通过实证发现价值投资策略的合理解释是“过度反应假说”，并且投资者存在过度反应的投资行为。     

考虑质量风险时供应链订货批量的博弈分析

中间产品的质量缺陷给供应链的订货过程带来质量风险。提出了一种综合质量风险和采购库存成本的供应链订货批量模型,比较了考虑质量风险与不考虑质量风险时的供应链订货批量的差异。研究结果表明,无论在非合作还是在一体化的情况下,考虑质量风险时的订货批量都比不考虑质量风险时的批量小。