脑瘤诱发的组织变化和皮层脑电图分析

健康组织和肿瘤组织具有不同的代谢,结构和热力学特性.脑瘤的代谢和结构无序性导致其有较高的熵产生.两种组织不同的熵产生决定了熵由癌流向健康组织.脑瘤和正常细胞在熵和能量方面的差异诱发皮层不同的脑电信号.研究了28个脑瘤患者的脑电图并和健康人进行比较,观察到脑瘤患者脑电图频率的降低.多数情况中慢alpha和theta波出现在肿瘤投影区,此可能与其高熵产生和向外的熵流有关.研究认为,脑瘤的持续高熵产生和热耗散及其它物理效应使得皮层电产生慢化,从而使肿瘤及其邻近的脑组织显示出频率较低的电活性.     

Efficient export of carbon to the deep ocean through dissolved organic matter

Oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) constitutes one of the largest pools of reduced carbon in the biosphere. Estimated DOC export from the surface ocean represents 20% of total organic carbon flux to the deep ocean, which constitutes a primary control on atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. DOC is the carbon component of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and an accurate quantification of DOM pools, fluxes and their controls is therefore critical to understanding oceanic carbon cycling. DOC export is directly coupled with dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus export. However, the C:N:P stoichiometry (by atoms) of DOM dynamics is poorly understood. Here we study the stoichiometry of the DOM pool and of DOM decomposition in continental shelf, continental slope and central ocean gyre environments. We find that DOM is remineralized and produced with a C:N:P stoichiometry of 199:20:1 that is substantially lower than for bulk pools (typically >775:54:1), but greater than for particulate organic matter (106:16:1--the Redfield ratio). Thus for a given mass of new N and P introduced into surface water, more DOC can be exported than would occur at the Redfield ratio. This may contribute to the excess respiration estimated to occur in the interior ocean. Our results place an explicit constraint on global carbon export and elemental balance via advective pathways.     

Microwave Plasma Synthesis of Nanopowders

1 Results and Discussion Nanopowders were synthesized by using microwave plasma synthesis technique.The microwave plasma was operated in atmospheric pressure at a frequency of 2.45 GHz.The reaction temperature is directly related to the power of the microwave generator that can be controlled by adjusting the actual operating current.Firstly,ionization and dissociation of precursor species will be occurred in the plasma,nucleus can then be formed by the collision of these molecules,followed by the growth...