Stability of expression-linked surface antigen gene in Trypanosoma equiperdum

African trypanosomes evade clearance in immune-competent hosts by periodically replacing their major surface glycoprotein with an antigenically different glycoprotein. Expression of many of these variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) is associated with the duplication and transposition of silent basic copy genes (BCs) into unlinked genomic expression sites. The new expression-linked VSG gene copies (ELCs) are oriented with their 3' ends proximal to chromosome telomeres. Other VSG genes are activated without the production of an ELC. The 3' ends of these VSG genes are near chromosome telomeres both when they are active and when they are inactive. Recently, we have shown that activation of the VSG-1 gene in the BoTaR (Bordeaux trypanozoon antigen repertoire) serodeme of Trypanosoma equiperdum involves the duplication and transposition of a telomeric BC gene into one of at least three unlinked telomeric sites. Here we show that the VSG-1 ELC is inactivated but not eliminated in some antigenic variants derived from a VSG-1 expressor. In addition, a subsequent variant that again expresses VSG-1 has not reactivated the residual VSG-1 ELC (R-ELC), but instead contains a new, active VSG-1 ELC in an unlinked telomeric site. These results show that the simple presence of an ELC in a potential expression site is not sufficient for its expression.     

Functionalizing hydrogen-bonded surface networks with self-assembled monolayers

One of the central challenges in nanotechnology is the development of flexible and efficient methods for creating ordered structures with nanometre precision over an extended length scale. Supramolecular self-assembly on surfaces offers attractive features in this regard: it is a 'bottom-up' approach and thus allows the simple and rapid creation of surface assemblies, which are readily tuned through the choice of molecular building blocks used and stabilized by hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, pi-pi bonding or metal coordination between the blocks. Assemblies in the form of two-dimensional open networks are of particular interest for possible applications because well-defined pores can be used for the precise localization and confinement of guest entities such as molecules or clusters, which can add functionality to the supramolecular network. Another widely used method for producing surface structures involves self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which have introduced unprecedented flexibility in our ability to tailor interfaces and generate patterned surfaces. But SAMs are part of a top-down technology that is limited in terms of the spatial resolution that can be achieved. We therefore rationalized that a particularly powerful fabrication platform might be realized by combining non-covalent self-assembly of porous networks and SAMs, with the former providing nanometre-scale precision and the latter allowing versatile functionalization. Here we show that the two strategies can indeed be combined to create integrated network-SAM hybrid systems that are sufficiently robust for further processing. We show that the supramolecular network and the SAM can both be deposited from solution, which should enable the widespread and flexible use of this combined fabrication method.     

商业银行个人理财业务的发展与对策

介绍了个人理财的发展概况,阐述了商业银行个人理财定位的误区,在分析个人理财业务发展环境的基础上,探讨了个人理财业务的市场发展趋势及对策。     

高技术指标：2007年度33国(地区)技术竞争力报告

文中的高技术指标（High Tech Indicators,HTI）为佐治亚理工大学发布的沿用多年的指标。数据对
比的时间段分别为1993年、1996年、1999年、2002/3年和2007年。论文给出了33个国家（地区）当前的竞争
力指标——技术排名(Technological Standing, TS), 同时提供了四个表征未来竞争力前景的主要指标——国家
发展取向指标(National Orientation, NO)、社会经济基础指标(Socio-Economic Infrastructure, SE)、技术基础指
标(Technological Infrastructure, TI)与生产能力指标(Productive Capacity, PC)。论文无意在高技术指标的结果上
多加笔墨,但是也的确注意到,中国已经取代美国占据了技术排名的首位。这一结果反映了高技术指标的特
点,更重要的是,它反映了中国过去15年的惊人发展速度。     

杀虫剂呋喃虫酰肼的高效液相色谱分析

采用反相高效液相色谱法对呋喃虫酰肼进行定量分析.反相高效液相色谱条件:使用C18反相柱和二极管阵列检测器.以V(甲醇)+V(水)=70+30为流动相,柱温30℃,流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长202 nm,外标法对呋喃虫酰肼的有效成分进行定量分析.结果表明呋喃虫酰肼的线性关系系数R为0.999 9,测定10%呋喃虫酰肼悬浮剂时,标准偏差为0.14,变异系数为1.29%,平均回收率为100.06%.实际样品的测定证实了该方法的可行性和可靠性.     

Development of Temperature-Humidity Independent Control Air-Conditioning Unit for Residential Buildings

Cooling panels are increasingly used in domestic residential buildings.To provide medium temper-ature cold water for the cooling panel,and dehumidify the indoor air simultaneously,a new kind of temperature-humidity independent control air-conditioning unit was developed for single residential house by utilizing multi-variable technology.First,the supply air temperature was studied to determine the proper supply air flow rate for the humidity control.Then,the energy consumption of different temperature-humidity independent eontrol systems was studied.The analysis indicates that unity evaporating temperature can be used to handle the mois-ture load and sensible heat load in two evaporators.So the unit scheme was put forward.Two evaporators were used to produce medium temperature water and dry air separately,and electric expansion valves were used to control the refrigerant distribution between the two evaporators.Then, experimental work was carried out to in-vestigate the influence of compressor frequency,refrigerant distribution on the dehumidification capacity,energy efficiency and refrigeration capacity.In the end,the paper concludes that both compressor frequency and refrig-erant distribution can control the dehumidification capacity,but the former influences the EER more than the latter.while the latter influences the refrigeration capacity more than the former.We can find a proper running point at certain sensible and latent cooling load by adjusting both compressor frequency and electric expansion.valve.The energy consumption of this kind of unit was estimated and compared with present room air condition-ers,which shows that it can save about 41% cooling energy consumption.     

隔板对燃烧室压力高频自激振荡的抑制作用

隔板在抑制液体火箭发动机高频燃烧不稳定性方面具有重要作用。该文研究隔板对液体火箭发动机中自激高频燃烧不稳定性的抑制作用机理。在初边值条件不施加任何激励的情况下,首先对无隔板的液氧/煤油模型发动机中的气液两相非稳态燃烧过程进行数值模拟,获得的燃烧室压力和流向平均速度与实验结果相符,并得到了燃烧室中的压力自激振荡。研究了隔板对这种压力自激振荡的抑制作用,并分析了压力波随时间的传递与演化过程。结果表明:无隔板燃烧室中发生了高频不稳定燃烧,频谱分析显示其具有1阶横向振型与2阶纵向振型;引入隔板后,燃烧室中的压力振荡减弱,且其横向振型消失,只有2阶纵向振型。结合燃烧室中压力波的传递和演化过程进行分析可知,压力自激振荡源主要出现在头部附近的区域,隔板的加入可以有效抑制压力波的横向传播,并提高激发不稳定燃烧所需的能量,从而抑制燃烧不稳定性的发生。     

盐酸羟胺还原-亚铜试剂显色树脂相分光光度法测定痕量Cu(Ⅰ)

在pH4.50的酸性介质中,亚铜试剂与Cu(Ⅰ)生成紫色配合物,与强酸性阳离子交换树脂交换吸附,可进行树脂相分光光度法测定痕量Cu(Ⅰ).最大吸收波长λmax为520nm;表观摩尔吸光系数ε为6.8×104L.mol-1.cm-1;Cu(Ⅰ)在0～1.48mg.L-1范围内符合Beer定律.用此法测定天然水中痕量Cu(Ⅰ),结果满意.