虚拟筛选竞争性抑制NDRG3与L-Lactate结合的小分子研究

竞争性抑制NDRG3(N-myc downstream regulated gene 3)蛋白与L-Lactate结合可有效阻遏NDRG3介导的低氧反应. 文中通过同源模建技术构建NDRG3蛋白的三维结构,并将L-Lactate对接到NDRG3蛋白的潜在活性位点中,发现L-Lactate主要通过与Asn133、Ala162、His163、His164、Ser235、Pro236及Ala237等氨基酸相互作用结合于NDRG3. 对近3 000个化合物进行虚拟筛选,选择4种竞争性抑制最强的化合物作为参考分子分析相互作用关系,结果发现：部分化合物和不同氨基酸能够通过不同的作用力与NDRG3蛋白结合,占据NDRG3蛋白的活性位点,从而竞争性抑制L-Lactate与NDRG3蛋白结合. 例如,它们能够与Lys139、Asp143、His163、Arg203产生静电作用;它们与His163形成-堆积作用;它们与Phe165、Ala237等产生疏水作用;它们与Asn133、Asp135、Gly140、Arg203、Ser235、Ala237等形成氢键作用. 以上数据表明：这些化合物可能成为阻遏NDRG3介导的低氧反应及靶向治疗低氧诱导疾病的候选药物.     

一类三次时滞积分方程数值分析

主要对一类三次时滞积分方程进行数值分析. 首先进行两次线性变换, 然后利用Gauss积分法则进行离散化, 紧接着求近似解, 再利用Chebyshev谱配置法以及Gronwall不等式等相关引理获得方程精确解与逼近解之间的误差在无穷空间和加权L2范数空间均呈指数衰减的结论, 最后数值算例表明该方法的可行性和有效性.     

含氟吡咯联苯类液晶的合成及其光学性能研究

本文设计了一系列基于含氟吡咯衍生物为末端结构的新型联苯类液晶分子,其关键中间体3,4-二氟-1-(4-碘苯基)吡咯通过环化、脱氟化氢芳构化两步反应获得. 进一步甲酰化、成肟、脱水氰化得到侧位衍生的2-氰基-3,4-二氟-1-(4-碘苯基)吡咯. 将它们与联苯类液晶砌块芳基硼酸偶联,得到目标产物. 采用核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）、核磁共振氟谱（19F NMR）、质谱（MS）、高分辨质谱（HRMS）或元素分析（EA）对新分子进行了结构表征,通过热差扫描量热仪（DSC）、偏光显微镜（POM）、热重分析仪（TGA）、紫外和荧光检测其物理性质和液晶性能,结果表明,这些新分子具有典型的液晶相,以及良好的热稳定性. 含氰基的液晶分子具有较高的荧光强度. 计算结果表明,含氟液晶分子的偶极距大于相应无氟液晶分子的偶极距,偶极距的增大有利于提高液晶分子的的介电常数.这些氟和氰基取代的吡咯作为一类新的砌块,为将来合成偶极距大的液晶新分子提供了实验依据.     

基于液晶高分子聚合物的激光防护器件

本文介绍了一种基于液晶高分子聚合物薄膜的激光防护器件,器件中的液晶高分子以螺旋结构方式排列,可以有效控制反射无偏振激光. 本工作中详细介绍了液晶高分子聚合物薄膜器件制作的过程工艺,关键材料：非手性单体、手性单体、手性掺杂剂、阻聚剂、光引发剂等的配比对器件光学性能的影响.     

组蛋白去乙酰化抑制剂对拟南芥根尖干细胞微环境的影响

根系发育是植物生长的重要组成部分,该过程由多种信号转导途径共同调节。组蛋白乙酰化和去乙酰化的动态变化对基因表达具有关键的调控作用,而对其在根发育中功能的研究还不深入。本研究通过组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂Trichostatin A（TSA）处理拟南芥,发现其主根生长受到抑制,分生区细胞数目变少。显微观察的结果表明TSA影响了根尖干细胞微环境。根尖微环境调控相关因子SCR和SHR的表达受TSA处理的影响并不明显,而PLT1/PLT2的表达受TSA强烈抑制。我们对生长素运输途径的分析发现在TSA处理条件下,PIN1表达只受轻微影响,而PIN2表达量明显下调。pDR5:GFP的结果表明TSA可能引起生长素在根尖的积累和分布变化。综上所述,TSA影响了拟南芥根尖干细胞微环境的维持,表明组蛋白的去乙酰化在根发育过程中发挥着重要作用。     

pMAL-p2X系统表达SLA-Ⅰ复合体蛋白

SLA-Ⅰ/pMAL-p2X为人工构建的原核表达体系.为获取最佳表达的SLA-Ⅰ复合体蛋白及其可溶性表达含量,设计实验对其进行表达优化(pH值、温度、菌体密度、IPTG浓度、诱导时间),SDS-PAGE检查目的蛋白的表达.另外检查目的蛋白的可溶性表达含量.结果显示,SLA-Ⅰ在pMAL-p2X的最佳表达条件为pH=8.0、T(温度)=37 ℃、OD600=1.0、IPTG=0.4 mmol/L和t(诱导时间)=5 h;证明目的蛋白可溶性表达含量占总表达蛋白的70%左右.研究表明pMAL-p2X系统适合于生产可溶性的SLA-Ⅰ复合体蛋白,便于今后进一步研究SLA-Ⅰ类分子结构和功能.     

LED照明的照度均匀性研究

单颗LED作为近朗伯体发光光能输出较低,且发散角较大,难以直接利用.采用多个LED矩阵排列作为光源,增加了光源的有效发光面积和光通量.梯形混光筒内部各面镀有高反射率的膜,使得进入混光筒内部的光线无吸收的被反射,最后充分混合输出.调整梯形筒的长度可提高出射面上的光照度均匀性.利用TracePro软件对设计系统进行模拟分析,结果表明出射面的照度均匀性大于90%,能量利用率大于65%,优于FF双焦距光学系统,并且整个系统结构简单紧凑,易于实现,成本不高.     

Knowledge translation: airway epithelial cell migration and respiratory diseases

Airway epithelial cell migration is essential for lung development and growth, as well as the maintenance of respiratory tissue integrity. This vital cellular process is also important for the repair and regeneration of damaged airway epithelium. More importantly, several lung diseases characterized by aberrant tissue remodeling result from the improper repair of damaged respiratory tissue. Epithelial cell migration relies upon extracellular matrix molecules and is further regulated by numerous local, neuronal, and hormonal factors. Under inflammatory conditions, cell migration can also be stimulated by certain cytokines and chemokines. Many well-known environmental factors involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases (e.g., cigarette smoking, air pollution, alcohol intake, inflammation, viral and bacterial infections) can inhibit airway epithelial cell migration. Further investigation of cellular and molecular mechanisms of cell migration with advanced techniques may provide knowledge that is relevant to physiological and pathological conditions. These studies may eventually lead to the development of therapeutic interventions to improve lung repair and regeneration and to prevent aberrant remodeling in the lung.     

The SH3-binding domain of Cx43 participates in loop/tail interactions critical for Cx43-hemichannel activity

Connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels establish local signaling networks via the release of ATP and other molecules, but their excessive opening may result in cell death. Hence, the activity of Cx43-hemichannels ought to be critically controlled. This involves interactions between the C-terminal tail (CT) and the cytoplasmic loop (CL), more particularly the L2 domain within CL. Previous work revealed an important role for the last nine amino acids of the Cx43 CT by targeting the L2 domain, as these nine amino acids were sufficient to restore the activity of CT-truncated Cx43-hemichannels. However, we discovered that deletion of the last 19 amino acids of the CT only partially lowered the binding to the L2 domain, indicating that a second L2-binding region is present in the CT. We here provide evidence that the SH3-binding domain is another CT region that targets the L2 domain. At the functional level, the SH3-binding domain was able to restore the activity of CT-truncated Cx43-hemichannels and alleviate the inhibition of full-length Cx43-hemichannels by high intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) as demonstrated by various approaches including patch clamp studies of unitary Cx43-hemichannel activity. Finally, we show that in full-length Cx43-hemichannels, deletion of either the SH3-binding domain or the CT9 region suppresses the hemichannel activity, while deletion of both domains completely annihilates the hemichannel activity. These results demonstrate that the Cx43 SH3-binding domain, in addition to the CT9 region, critically controls hemichannel activity at high [Ca²⁺]_i, which may be involved in pathological hemichannel opening.