工程项目管理目标系统的建立与控制

根据工程项目一次性、不确定性和高风险性等特点,阐述了工程项目目标管理的重要意义。文章在构建工程项目管理目标系统结构模型的基础上,系统地分析了工程项目目标系统的特征,提出了工程项目目标系统中各层次子目标优先顺序的确定原则,用层次分析法分析和计算项目目标系统中各层次子目标重要性程度权值的方法,采用主动控制与被动控制相结合的项目目标控制方式,对工程项目的实施过程进行动态管理,以确保工程项目总体目标的顺利实施,获取最佳的投资效益。     

On emplacement ages of lamproites in Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, China

Emplacement ages of lamproites that comprise lamproite and olivine lamproite in Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, China, have been constrained by the whole-rock Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isochron methods and the whole rock K-Ar method. Intrusive activities of lamproites in the Sinantang area of Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, took place during the Late Cambrian, as indicated by the Sm-Nd isochron ages ( t ) = (503 ± 17) (2σ) Ma and by the Rb-Sr isochron ages ( t ) = (501.2 ± 4.6) (2σ) Ma. Intrusive activities of olivine lamproites at the Maping with Ⅱ-type diamond and Xitou in Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, took place from the Late Cambrian to the Early Ordovician, as evidenced by the Sm-Nd isochron ages ( t ) = (502 ± 27) (2σ) Ma and by the Rb-Sr isochron age ( t ) = (502 ± 27) (2σ) Ma. This suggests that the upwelling hot materials derived from the deep mantle were emplaced from the Late Cambrian to the Early Ordovician (503-497 Ma), while the time terminal of cooling of the geothermal event of magmatism-tectonism probably was at 442.64-435.54 Ma, as dated by the whole rock K-Ar method.     

燃煤电厂环境绩效评价数据包络分析

以燃煤电厂环境绩效为研究对象，利用数据包络模型分析环境绩效指标，特别是研究利用数据包络模型分析发电行业普遍存在的规模收益问题．文中采用了美国燃煤电厂的生产数据，通过计算各种规模收益假设前提下的数据包络模型，得到计算结果．对该结果进行相关性分析，得出了规模收益递减假设能够反映燃煤电厂生产数据集合中数据特征的结论．     

An Asymptotic UTD Solution for the Scattering by an Impedance Wedge at Skew Incidence

Asymptotic expressions for the fields scattered by an isotropic impedance wedge at skew incidence are derived in the frame of the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction （UTD）. They are obtained by approximately solving the difference equations generated from impedance boundary con ditions （IBCs） in Maliuzhinets＇ approach. The method overcomes the discontinuity of the nonuniform evaluation given in the literature referred and can give out satisfactory numerical results.     

Assembling Zwitterionic, Water-Soluble Porphyrin and Its Biological Studies

A kind of zwitterionic water-soluble porphyrin 5-(N-trimethyl-4-aminiumphenyl)-10, 15, 20-tri (4-sulfonatephenyl) porphyrin trisammonium salt, has been synthesized. Its biological studies, interactions with DNA and bacteria cells, were investigated. The damage to the cell wall of bacteria E. coli were observed firstly by AFM (Atomic Force Microscope).     

连续型野值判别的新方法

针对连续型野值严重影响卡尔曼滤波器可靠性这一情况,提出一种新的野值判别方法,即正交模型参数变化判别法.当新息序列满足以下3个条件即信号是有穷均值,观测噪声是均值为零的独立分布过程,信号与噪声互不相关时,卡尔曼新息序列估计值具有正交性质.正交模型参数变化判别法的实质是通过判断卡尔曼滤波新息序列估计值的正交性质是否丧失而判别出观测值中是否存在野值.通过仿真结果表明,新的方法对于连续型野值的判别方便易行,快捷有效.     

Initiating, growing and cracking of hydrogen blisters

The growing process of a hydrogen blister in a wheel steel was observed in situ with an optical microscope, and the fracture surfaces formed from broken blisters on a wheel steel and bulk metallic glass were investigated. The initiating, growing, cracking and breaking of hydrogen blisters are as follows. Supersaturated vacancies can increase greatly during charging and gather together into a vacancy cluster （small cavity）. Hydrogen atoms become hydrogen molecules in the vacancy cluster and hydrogen molecules can stabilize the vacancy cluster. The small cavity becomes the nucleus of hydrogen blister. The blister will grow with entering of vacancies and hydrogen atoms. With increasing hydrogen pressure, plastic deformation occurs first, the hydrogen blister near the surface extrudes, and then cracks initiate along the wall of the blister with further increasing hydrogen pressure. A cracked blister can grow further through propagating of cracks until it breaks.     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes film and its light scattering property

TiO2 nanotubes with diameters of 10 nm and lengths up to 600 nm were fabricated by directly using commercial TiO2 powders P25 as the precursors via sonication-hydrothermal combination approach. TiO2 nanotubes were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffractometer （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, selected area electron diffraction pattern （SAED） and transmission elec- tron microscope （TEM）. The light scattering property of film electrodes modified with TiO2 nanotubes was studied and revealed that TiO2 nanotubes can be used as the light scattering centers to increase the light absorption in dye-sensitized solar cells. The TiO2 nanotubes film electrodes mixed with 10% small nanoparticles TiO2 had both strong light scattering property and fine mechanical characteristics, and this kind of electrodes can be used as electrodes in improving the conversion efficiencies of dye-sensitized solar cells.     

Crocin Synthesis Mechanism in Crocus sativus

Saffron （Crocus sativus） cells can synthesize crocin, crocetin digentiobiosyl ester, in suspension cultures. The crocin family biosynthesis mechanism was studied using high pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC） to determinate the glucosyltransferase activity and to develop a method for synthesizing medicine from saffron cells. Previous studies indicated that two glucosyltransferases might be involved in the formation of crocetin glucosyl- and gentiobiosyl-esters. GTasel formed an ester bond between crocetin carboxyl groups and glucose moieties while GTase2 catalyzed the formation of glucosidic bonds with glucosyl ester groups at both ends of the molecule. These enzymes can catalyze the formation of crocetin glucosides in vitro. GTasel activity is higher during the first four days of crocin glucosides biosynthesis, but decreases after four days. The formation and accumulation of crocin increase during the first six days and stabilized on the eighth day.     

建立企业施工定额是推行工程量清单招标的关键

为适应工程量清单招标的需要，建筑施工企业建立自己的企业定额已势在必行。介绍了企业施工定额编制的方法和编制企业定额应掌握的几个原则。