The effects of the guide field on the structures of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to investigate the formation of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection.In anti-parallel reconnection,the quadrupole structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field are formed,and four symmetric electron density depletion layers can be found along the separatrices due to the effects of magetic mirror.With the increase of the initial guide field,the symmetry of both the out-of-plane magnetic field and electron density depletion layers is distorted.When the initial guide field is sufficiently large,the electron density depletion layers along the lower left and upper right separatrices disappear.The parallel electric field in guide field reconnection is found to play an important role in forming such structures of the electron density depletion layers.The structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field By and electron depletion layers in anti-parallel and guide field reconnection are found to be related to electron flow or in-plane currents in the separatrix regions.In anti-parallel reconnection,electrons flow towards the X line along the separatrices,and are directed away from the X line along the magnetic field lines just inside the separatrices.In guide field reconnection,electrons can only flow towards the X line along the upper left and lower right separatrices due to the existence of the parallel electric field in these regions.     

Constitutive modeling for unsaturated soils considering gas hardening effect

The influence of gases on unsaturated soils is discussed in the paper.First,the selection of stress state variables is discussed.It is shown that gas pressure as well as generalized effective stress and modified suction are required to construct a constitutive model of an unsaturated soil.The deformation mechanisms of solid,liquid and gas phases in soils are then investigated.It is realized that the deformation of gas phase interacts with the deformations of the other two phases in soils.Gas laws are used to describe the gas behavior.Similar to the other two phases in soil,the change of gas volume can be divided into an elastic part and a plastic part, and the latter part is then introduced to the soil hardening equation to reflect the impact of the gas on the soil.Then,a simple elasto-plastic model considering the gas effect for isotropic states is developed.Finally,the model predictions are given and compared with existing experimental data.A good agreement between them is found.Comparisons of the predictions between our model and Wheeler’s model are also performed.     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_（65）Al_（7.5）Ni_（10）Cu_（12.5）Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen.     

模糊数值函数的统计收敛,一致统计收敛及等度统计收敛

 在引入模糊数值函数统计收敛,一致统计收敛,等度统计收敛等概念的基础上,讨论了它们之间的相互关系以及其水平截函数之间的关系.在测度有限的情况下,得到了模糊数值函数统计收敛的Egorov定理和勒贝格定理.     

甘南州草地生态系统现状及可持续发展对策

甘南藏族自治州是甘肃省重点牧区,也是黄河、长江两大水系源区。天然草地面积272.3万hm2,但是,不合理地开发和利用,导致草地生态系统日趋恶化,生产能力下降,严重制约地区经济发展和农牧民脱贫致富。研究如何完善生产经营状况,维持草地生态系统是甘南牧区面临的主要问题。以草定畜,综合治理,科学合理利用是改善草地生态系统和畜牧业可持续发展的唯一途径。     

用SFC和PID实现温度分程控制

介绍了催化剂厂全白土装置容-52温度分程控制概况、及其在DCS上的实现,包括控制软件的实现和实时操作画面的实现.改进后,温度控制方案从常规的PID温度控制改为一个由顺控SFC程序和一个常规PID控制共同组成的温度分程控制.该温度控制的实现解决了容-52恒温的问题.     

预应力混凝土连续梁桥的收缩徐变分析

混凝土的收缩徐变是影响超静定结构的主要因素之一,在大跨度桥梁的悬臂施工过程中必须加以控制.采用有限单元步进法,通过对某大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥的收缩徐变分析,可以很方便地计算出连续梁桥从施工到成桥以及成桥后任意时刻任意截面的内力与变形,为箱梁桥的收缩徐变计算提供参考.     

无线传感网络中空间失效模式下的数据存储恢复算法

针对空间失效模式下的数据存储和恢复问题,设计了一种基于数据复制的存储和恢复算法.该算法为每个数据节点分配一个冗余节点,在数据节点失效时可以利用冗余节点中的数据来成功恢复数据,并且使整个过程消耗的代价最小.理论分析和仿真实验表明,同Greedy算法相比,在保证成功恢复的同时,该方法显著降低了网络的整体能耗,从而有效延长了网络的生存周期.     

Mn:CdTe量子点的水相合成及荧光性质

采用水相合成法合成了Mn2+掺杂CdTe量子点(Mn:CdTe d-dots).通过荧光光谱(PL)分析、原子力显微镜(AFM)和X线粉末衍射(XRD)分析、电子能谱(EDS)分析对产物进行了表征.研究了反应时间、温度、Mn2+掺杂量、pH值及巯基丙酸(MPA)与镉离子的比例对掺杂量子点发光性能的影响.结果表明:反应时...     

太阳能烟囱发电系统蓄热层的试验研究

搭建了3台带有不同石块蓄热介质蓄热层的太阳能烟囱发电系统对比试验装置,在实际天气条件下,对该装置的运行性能进行了测试,并对试验结果进行了对比分析.结果表明:石块蓄热层具有储存热量的能力,随着蓄热层深度的增加,蓄热层内温度随外界影响就越小.系统内热气流的温升主要在集热棚的中前段,不同时间层热气流温升幅度不同.辐射强度、辐...