Theoretical study on stereodynamics of H + NeH+ (v = 0, j = 0) → H2 + + Ne reaction

Stereodynamics of reaction H + NeH+(v = 0,j = 0) → H2+ + Ne is investigated by quasi-classical trajectory method using a new potential energy surface constructed by Lv et al.The distributions of P(r),P(r) and PDDCSs are calculated at four different collision energies.The rotational polarization of product H2+ presents different characters at different collision energies.The product rotational angular momentum vector j’ is not only aligned,but also oriented along the direction perpendicular to the scattering plane.With the increase of collision energy,the rotation of product molecule has a preference of changing from the "in-plane" mechanism to the "out-of-plane" mechanism.Although the title reaction is mainly dominated by the direct reaction mechanism,the indirect mechanism plays a role when the collision energies are low.     

An engraved artifact from Shuidonggou, an Early Late Paleolithic Site in Northwest China

Cognition and symbolic thinking are viewed as important features of modern human behavior.Engraved objects are seen as a hallmark of cognition and symbolism,and even as evidence for language.Accumulated evidences including engraved bones,ochre,ostrich eggshells and stone artifacts were unearthed from Africa,Europe,Levant even Siberia Paleolithic sites.But the archaeological evidence for this,including beads,ornaments,burials,performed objects and engraved objects,is rarely discovered in the Pleistocene of East Asia.The present paper reports an engraved stone object unearthed in the Early Late Paleolithic levels about 30 ka BP at the Shuidonggou site(SDG) in northwestern China.It was unearthed in the 1980’s excavation from Lower culture unit of SDG1 but was identified in 2011 when the first author of this article observed the collection from the 1980’s excavations stored in the Institute of Archaeology of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for further detailed lithic analysis.This lithic artifact is the first engraved non-organic object of the Paleolithic period found in China.In order to clarify the details of the incisions and to document the human intentional modifications,we used a KEYENCE VHX-600 Digital Microscope to measure and observe all the incisions in 3-dimensional perspective.Comparing the natural cracks and analyzing many details of the incisions,we argue that incisions on this stone artifact are the result of intentional behaviors by ancient humans.Also,we exclude the possible other causes including animal-induced damages,post-depositional phenomenon and unintentional by-products.Combining all these features,we suggest that the incisions were made by an intentional behavior and were probably of a non-utilitarian character.Because the nature of most other engraved objects in China is debate,we cannot get a clear scenario of the emergence and progress of modern human behavior in North China.But we infer the possible existence of a counting or recording system,or other symbolic behaviors,which reflect considerably evolved cognitive capacities or modern human behavior in the Early Late Paleolithic of East Asia.     

Ionic liquids containing the urea moiety for recognition of halides and complex anions

A series of novel imidazolium based ionic liquids containing the urea moiety were designed and synthesized for anion recognition. 1-Ethylurea-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Eumim]OAc) was used as the receptor for the halides and complex anions (BF4-, PF6-, BPh4-). 1H NMR spectra showed that the urea protons and imidazolium C(2) proton of the receptor ([Eumim]OAc) moved upfield on addition of various anions. A Job plot showed that the [Eumim]OAc receptor formed a 1:1 complex with BPh4-. X-ray diffraction analysis and the molecular modeling study revealed that the conformations of [Eumim]OAc and [Eumim]BPh4 were different. The conformational change of the cation was caused by anion exchange, and may provide an alternative to current methods for recognition of anions.     

Preparation and cellular uptake of PLGA particles loaded with lamivudine

Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with lamivudine and coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared via a double emulsion method. The influences of experiments parameters such as volume of inner aqueous phase, concentration of organic phase and ultrasonication time on the particle size and drug entrapment efficiency were investigated, obtaining PLGA particles with a diameter of ~260 nm and drug entrapment efficiency of ~35%. The particles were observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmittance electron microscopy, showing a core-shell structure. BCA assay found that 58 mg BSA was present on/in 1 g LPB particles. The loaded lamivudine showed a burst release at beginning and sustained release until 24 h in physiological conditions. Low pH could accelerate the release of lamivudine from PLGA particles, making the PLGA particles potential intelligent intracellular drug carriers. The PLGA particles were readily internalized into the human liver cells within a short time and increased gradually with the prolongation of incubation time regardless of the loading of lamivudine. The particles either resided within lysosomes or transferred to cytoplasm, but could not enter into the cell nucleus. The cell viability was not significantly influenced in the presence of the particles regardless of lamivudine encapsulation, suggesting that this kind of particles may be a good candidate for the intracellular anti-hepatitis B drug delivery.     

Eocene high grade metamorphism and crustal anatexis in the North Himalaya Gneiss Domes,Southern Tibet

Determination of the timing and geochemical nature of early metamorphic and anatectic events in the Himalayan orogen may provide key insights into the physical and chemical behavior of lower crustal materials during the early stage of tectonic evolution in large-scale collisional belts.The Yardoi gneiss dome is the easternmost dome of the North Himalayan Gneiss Domes(NHGD),and contains three types of amphibolites with distinct mineral assemblage,elemental and radiogenic isotope geochemistry,as well as various types of gneisses.SHRIMP zircon U/Pb analyses on the garnet amphibolite and garnet-bearing biotite granitic gneiss yield ages of nearly peak metamorphism at 45.0±1.0 Ma and 47.6±1.8 Ma,respectively,which are 2 to 4 Ma older than the age for partial melting in migmatitic garnet amphibolite(43.5±1.3 Ma).Available data have demonstrated that ultra-high pressure metamorphism in the Tethyan Himalaya occurred at ～55 Ma,and high amphibolite facies to granulite facies metamorphism at 45 to 47 Ma.In addition,partial melting at thickened crustal conditions occurred at 43.5±1.3 Ma,which led to the formation of high Sr/Y ratios two-mica granites.The high-grade metamorphic rocks in the NHGD may represent the subducted front of the Indian continental lithosphere.In large collisional belts,fertile components in crustal materials could melt and form granitic melts with relatively high Na/K and Sr/Y ratios under thickened crustal conditions,significantly different from those formed by decompressional melting during rapid exhumation.     

Modern human behaviors during the late stage of the MIS3 and the broad spectrum revolution: Evidence from a Shuidonggou Late Paleolithic site

The last glacial period was vital for the distribution and evolution of early modern humans in Asia. The Shuidonggou Late Paleolithic site, dated at 30-20 ka BP, accumulated cultural remains during the important late stage of MIS 3 period in the last glacial. These remains represent characteristics of typical Late Paleolithic conditions in North China:high degree of standardization and morphological variability of tool types, exploitation of bone materials, systematic use of body decorations, extensive use of earth-pit hearths, distinct functional spatial organization within habitations, and conversion of subsistence patterns. These characteristics illustrate early modern human behaviors during the late MIS3 period, and provide clues and perspectives for the analysis of early modern human origins in China. At the same time, the conversion of subsistence patterns is considered to be a combination of multiple early modern human behaviors, as well as the result of the Broad Spectrum Revolution. In this paper, we argue for the dynamic mechanism of Broad Spectrum Revolution from a human behavioral and ecological perspective.     

Aerodynamic optimization and evaluation for the three-dimensional afterbody/nozzle integrated configuration of hypersonic vehicles

The optimization of 2D expansion lines and key parameters of three-dimensional configurations was carried out under simulated conditions of Mach 6.5 and a flight altitude of 25 km for an integrated configuration of the afterbody/nozzle of a hypersonic vehicle.First,the cubic B-spline method was applied to parameterize the expansion lines of the upper expansion ramp.The optimization procedure was established based on computational fluid dynamics and the sequential quadratic programming method.The local mesh reconstruction technique was applied to improve computational efficiency.A three-dimensional integrated configuration afterbody/nozzle was designed based on the two-dimensional optimized expansion lines.The influence rules incorporated certain key design parameters affecting the lift and thrust performance of the configuration,such as the ratio of the lengths of the lower expansion ramp to the afterbody (l/L),the dip angle of the lower expansion ramp ω,and the ratio of exit height to the length of afterbody (H/L).Under these conditions,we found that the integrated configuration has optimal performance when l/L=1/6,H/L=0.35 and =10°.We also showed that the presence of a side-board promotes lift and thrust performance,and effectively prevents the leakage of high pressure gas.     

H2S/CO2共存聚合物钻井液中腐蚀产物膜分析

随着酸性气田的不断开采,其钻采环境中的腐蚀机理及井下管材的优选已成为研究的热点.通过室内高温高压腐蚀试验,并结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS),研究S135钻杆钢在H2S/CO2共存聚合物钻井液中气相与液相的腐蚀产物膜成分差异,探讨腐蚀机理.结果表明,S135钻杆钢气相和液相腐蚀速率都随温度升高和CO2分压增大而增加,气相腐蚀较液相严重,呈局部腐蚀形貌,气相腐蚀产物表面凹坑较大,液相腐蚀产物较为均匀且致密性强,以均匀腐蚀为主.气相和液相腐蚀产物膜中都含有C、O、S、Fe、Si五种元素,且腐蚀产物成分差别不大,主要成分为Fe3O4、FeS、α-FeOOH、FeS2,以及少量的Fe7S8和Fe3S4,此外在腐蚀产物膜表面还夹杂有硅酸盐物质.钻杆钢腐蚀主要来源于二氧化碳腐蚀、氧腐蚀、硫化氢腐蚀、单质硫腐蚀以及腐蚀产物膜与钢材本体间电偶腐蚀.     

Cu和La对Al-12.6Si合金微观组织和性能的影响

研究了La加入量为0.3%时,铜质量分数(0.3%,0.8%,1.3%,1.8%和2.5%)对共晶铝硅合金(Al-12.6Si)微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:当La的加入量为0.3%时,共晶硅由片状和针状变为点状和短棒状,达到了完全变质的状态.随着铜加入量的增加,合金中的Al2Cu相的数量增多、尺寸增加,合金的抗拉强度和硬度逐渐增大,延伸率有所下降;当Cu加入量为2.5%时,Al-12.6Si-2.5Cu-0.3La合金的抗拉强度为241.4MPa,延伸率为4.82%,硬度为83.9HV,与Al-12.6Si合金相比这些力学指标分别提高了58.1%,41.8%和30.9%,合金的力学性能...     

山西省上市公司无形资产与经营绩效关系实证分析

以山西省上市公司为研究对象,利用其2005—2009年的数据,分析了上市公司无形资产与经营绩效之间的关系,得出了上市公司无形资产对其经营绩效的影响显著正相关,以及无形资产对公司经营绩效的贡献远低于固定资产对经营绩效的贡献等结论,提出了一些提高无形资产对上市公司经营绩效的贡献度的对策建议。