Topography,structure, and formation kinetic mechanism of carbon deposited onto nickel in the temperature range from 400 to 850℃

The carbon deposition behavior on nickel particles was observed within the temperature range from 400 to 800℃ in a pure methane atmosphere. The topography, properties, and molecular structure of the deposited carbon were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) technology, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The deposited carbon is present in the form of a film at 400-450℃, as fibers at 500-600℃, and as particles at 650-800℃. In addition, the structure of the deposited carbon becomes more ordered at higher temperatures because both the TPO peak temperature of deposited carbon and the Raman shift of the G band increase with the increase in experimental temperature, whereas the intensity ratio between the D bands and the G band decreases. An interesting observation is that the carbon deposition rate is suppressed in the medium-temperature range (M-T range) and the corresponding kinetic mechanism changes. Correspondingly, the FWHM of the G and D1 bands in the Raman spectrum reaches a maximum and the intensities of the D2, D3, and D4 bands decrease to low limits in the M-T range. These results indicate that carbon structure parameters exhibit two different tendencies with respect to varying temperature. Both of the two group parameters change dramatically as a peak function with increasing reaction temperature within the M-T range.     

Nomex蜂窝夹芯板冲击损伤试验研究

针对某型飞机上应用的Nomex蜂窝夹芯板,通过冲击损伤试验,研究了蜂窝夹芯板厚度对其抗冲击损伤能力的影响、试件损伤面积与冲击能量之间的关系以及穿透损伤对夹芯板轴压承载性能的影响。结果表明:20 mm与8 mm厚度板在分别承受40 J与25 J冲击能量时出现穿透损伤,厚板比薄板具有更高的抗冲击损伤能力;相同冲击能量时,20 mm厚板损伤面积比8 mm板的小;随冲击能量的增大,两种板的损伤面积逐渐增大;当冲击能量超过一定值时,8 mm板损伤面积增速明显加快;20 mm蜂窝夹芯板冲击后的剩余强度为完好件的56.7%,8 mm蜂窝夹芯板冲击后的剩余强度为完好件的67.5%。     

乙酰丙酮缩-N，N-二甲基乙二胺铜配合物Cu（AE）（BA）的合成、晶体结构及其对DNA的切割作用

合成了一种新的乙酰丙酮缩-N,N-二甲基乙二胺铜配合物Cu(AE)(BA)(AE为乙酰丙酮缩-N,N-二甲基乙二胺,BA为苯甲酸),并通过X一射线衍射测得其晶体结构.晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,晶胞参数a=1.434 0(11)nm,b=1.352 7(10)nm,c=1.824 6(13)nm,β=108.766(12)°,Z=8,R1=0.041 4,wR2= 0.095 0.测定了配合物的光谱性质,并进行了切割DNA实验研究.     

玉米生育期和籽粒淀粉含量的海拔效应研究

为使高海拔地区玉米生产布局和品种类型利用更加合理,采用作物生态学田间试验为主要研究方法,开展了玉米生育期和籽粒淀粉含量的海拔效应研究.用3个统一参试品种,于2006-2007年在甘肃省38°56'N,100°26'E范围内,布设了5个试点,分别是海拔1 280.0、1 506.5、1 706.5、2 000.0和2 231.5 m,进行了垂直生态试验.结果表明,在播期大体相同的条件下,玉米成熟期随海拔高度的升高而相应延迟.反映生育期长短的播种-成熟天数与海拔高度之间呈0.01水平的正相关.海拔高度每升降100 m,参试玉米品种生育期延长、缩短4～5 d.直链淀粉/粗淀粉与海拔之间呈负相关性.     

耐盐活性剂水溶液微观状态与耐盐性能的关系

实验发现改性α-烯基聚醚磺酸铵不仅能使油分散在高矿化度水中,而且其耐盐性能与耐盐活性剂水溶液的微观状态存在一定的相依性:能使高矿化度水的结晶和缔合态的立体结构转变为片状结构;并能脱出由于高矿化度水中高盐份而生成的结晶水和缔合水.实验在各种矿化度条件下进行,加入改性的α-烯基聚醚磺酸铵,能使矿化度高达1.5×105 mg·L-1的水溶液的表面张力从80 mN·m -1左右降到35 mN·m -1左右,并且能使粘度为1.0×105 mPa·s左右的稠油乳化降粘,使粘度降到30 mPa·s左右(约30 ℃),还能使脱水后的原油本体粘度降低一半以上.耐盐活性剂的活性并不受高浓度盐类影响,特别是Ca2+、Mg2+高达1.0×104 mg·L-1以上时,其表面活性剂水溶液也是无色透明的,这与普通表面活性剂表现出来的盐析作用和普通活性剂在Ca2+、Mg2+离子存在时易于沉淀有所不同.就以上实验所得结果研究其耐盐体系的微观状态、耐盐机理及耐盐性能.     

隧道围岩监控量测与有限元模拟在某隧道中的应用

对洞塘公路隧道进口段施工过程现场监控数据以及有限元分析结果进行对比研究,可以预先掌握隧道开挖过程中围岩的位移变化规律.主要阐述了现场动态监控量测与有限元仿真模拟相结合的方法对实现隧道信息化施工的重要性.     

Optimization of web search engine and its application to web mining

With the explosive growth of information sources available on the World Wide Web, how to combine the results of multiple search engines has become a valuable problem. In this paper, a search strategy based on genetic simulated annealing for search engines in Web mining is proposed. According to the proposed strategy, there exists some important relationship among Web statistical studies, search engines and optimization techniques. We have proven experimentally the relevance of our approach to the presented queries by comparing the qualities of output pages with those of the original downloaded pages, as the number of iterations increases better results are obtained with reasonable execution time.      

温肾醒脑方对血管性痴呆大鼠脑组织Nrf2-ARE信号通路的影响

为探讨温肾醒脑方(WXD)对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)大鼠认知功能的改善作用及对Nrf2-ARE信号通路的影响,将70只雄性SD大鼠随机分成正常组、假手术组、模型组、脑复康组(0.15 g/kg)、温肾醒脑方给药组(高剂量组5 g/kg、中剂量组2.5 g/kg、低剂量组1.25 g/kg),每组10只动物,采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎法建立VD模型,给予温肾醒脑方灌胃治疗后,Morris水迷宫测试治疗后VD大鼠认知功能的改善情况,检测脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS),RT-PCR检测大鼠脑组织醌NADH脱氢酶(NQO1)、血红素氧合酶1(HO-1)的mRNA水平,运用Western Blot检测Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白-1(Keap1)、核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、NQO1、HO-1蛋白水平的表达情况以及EMSA检测Nrf2与抗氧化反应元件(ARE)结合力。结果表明:与正常组比较,VD模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期明显较长,游泳总距离明显缩短,穿越站台总数明显减少(P0.01);大脑组织中MDA含量显著增加,SOD、GSH-Px和NOS的含量明显减少(P0.01);同时大脑组织中细胞核Nrf2蛋白表达降低、细胞质中Keap1蛋白表达增加,NQO1、HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达降低(P0.01)。与VD模型组比较,脑复康和温肾醒脑方组大鼠的认知行为得到很大的提高,脑组织MDA、SOD、GSH-Px、NOS含量和脑组织病理结构得到很好的改善,Nrf2、Keap1、NQO1、HO-1在mRNA水平或蛋白水平上有一定程度改变,特别是温肾醒脑方组大鼠的改善非常显著。可见温肾醒脑方可以改善VD大鼠的认知行为,其机制可能与Nrf2-ARE抗氧化应激信号通路相关。     

Discovery of Ordovician acritarchs in Buqingshan ophiolite complex, East Kunlun Mountains and its significance

This note reports the first discovery of Middle-Late Ordovician acritarchs from the Buqingshan ophiolite complex of the southern ophiolite zone of East Kunlun. The acritarch assemblage is dominated with acanthomorphids (approx. 32%) and sphaeromorphds (approx. 63%) and contains more characteristic forms, such as Lophosphaeridium edenense, L. varum, Nothooidium sp.,? Buedingiisphaaeridium sp., Visbysphaera sp., Strophomorpha sp., etc. In addition, some tube-like fragments and tetrads, which are recognized as affinity to terrestrial plants and usual occurrence in Late Ordovician-Early Silurian strata, are preserved together with acritarchs. All the known fossil evidence indicates that the strata should be Middle-Late Ordovician in age. It not only provides paleontological proof for the existence of Ordovician ophiolite, but also challenges the usual ideas on strata composition of the studied area and the southern ophiolite zone of East Kunlun, and the models on tectonic framework and evolution of this area and the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.     

A kind of coccoid dinoflagellates-like fossils gives a new explanation of source of dinosterane in the Early-Middle Cambrian

The coccoid fossils covered with thick gelatinous envelop containing several gametes are discovered in gyps and salt deposits of Cambrian, H₄ well and chert bed of the base of Yuertus Formation (∈¹₁) of Xiaoerbulake Section. The fossils are described and compared with coccoid dinoflagellates. These fossils may be a coccoid life-cycle stage (vegetative cyst) of coccoid dinoflagellates. If this identification is correct, the coccoid dinoflagellates-like fossils could give a reasonable explanation of the dinoflagellate-specific biomarkers from Cambrian, H₄ well, Tarim Basin.