斜拉索表面水膜形态及斜拉索气动力变化规律

斜拉索表面水线的形成与振荡是斜拉索发生风雨激振的重要原因之一.为研究水线运动与风雨激振现象间的内在联系,本文将滑移理论与计算流体力学相结合,考虑斜拉索表面水膜形态对风压力系数和风摩擦力系数的影响,建立了一个模拟风雨条件下斜拉索表面水膜形态变化的理论模型;在此模型基础上推导出风雨作用下斜拉索气动力计算公式,通过数值模拟得到不同风速下的斜拉索表面水膜形态及气动力变化规律,分析二者间的内在联系.与已有的试验结果对比发现:当斜拉索发生风雨激振现象时,水线形态变化与气动力变化频率相同,且接近拉索的自振频率,说明风雨激振现象的产生原因是水线形态的周期性变化引起拉索的共振.     

塔里木盆地白垩系层序划分及模式

综合运用露头、岩心、钻测井以及地震资料,在塔里木全盆尺度上,建立了其三级层序地层格架,将塔里木盆地白垩系划分为2个二级层序（SSQ1、SSQ2）和6个三级层序（SQ1-SQ6）。通过贯穿盆地南北部的地震及连井对比剖面可知, SSQ1、SSQ2的地层厚度存在较大差异,地层在盆地腹部和库车坳陷之间出现了类似“跷跷板式”的升降。指出二级层序的可容空间在库车坳陷与盆地腹部之间具有转换的特点,沙雅隆起充当了可容空间转换带的角色。建立了塔里木盆地白垩系的两种层序地层发育模式,SSQ1整体为粗－细－粗的沉积旋回,主要发育冲积扇、扇三角洲、河流、辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲和湖泊等沉积体系;SSQ2为由粗变细的正旋回,总体为一套粗粒的冲积扇－河流相沉积体系。     

电化学加工YT15硬质合金表面形貌特征实验研究

由于所含碳化物粉末与黏结金属的电极电位差等原因,硬质合金电化学加工的阳极表面蚀除过程较碳钢和其他金属更为复杂.以YT15硬质合金为实验对象,对试件原始表面进行统一加工条件下的研磨处理,使之具有一致的表面状态.在此基础上进行电化学加工实验,以SEM图像结合轮廓曲线,分析表面微观形貌的横向特征和纵向特征,获得表面材料溶解的特点和规律.实验发现,使用不同电解液获得的表面微观形貌特征差异显著,加工过程中的表面微观形态和腐蚀规律及变化特性也各不相同.研究认为,不同电解液产生的不同阳极表面膜特性和硬质合金材料固有的多组分特征是导致这种差异的原因,抑制硬质合金同类材料的边界腐蚀是获得良好加工效果的关键.NaOH去钝化能力较强,溶解速度快,适于成型加工电解液;NaNO_3及NaCl具有良好的钝化成膜能力,阳极膜无序破坏容易导致不均匀腐蚀,纯电化学加工不容易获得良好的加工效果,但通过合理施加外力控制阳极膜的有序破坏,则可提高表面质量,具有作为复合光整加工电解液的潜力;H_2SO_4+H_3PO_4成膜较均匀,活化作用较好,具有抑制材料不均匀溶解的能力,适用于具有一定表面质量要求条件下同时达到特定成型效果的加工.     

橡椀单宁降解酶特性的研究

借助于没食子酸丙酯为模型化合物作为底物,对一株能抵抗橡椀单宁(鞣花类单宁)生物毒性并能有效降解这种单宁的菌株的降解特性进行了研究。结果表明这株菌不仅具有单宁酶的活性,而且具有多酚氧化酶（PPO）的活性。通过对不同底物对内胞霉PPO酶促反应速度的影响研究证实橡椀单宁的降解不仅与单宁酶有关还与多酚氧化酶有关。     

Seminar模式实施中课外阅读的养成教育

针对Seminar模式实施中学生在课外阅读存在的问题,有针对性的提出相应的解决方案,并从理论高度指导学生的课外阅读。     

音频回放延迟算法的研究

根据Internet网上实时音频传输目前存在的问题,提出一种音频回放延迟改进算法,能较好地自适应改变主机级的延迟,以改善回放的语音质量。     

Jamming by shear

A broad class of disordered materials including foams, glassy molecular systems, colloids and granular materials can form jammed states. A jammed system can resist small stresses without deforming irreversibly, whereas unjammed systems flow under any applied stresses. The broad applicability of the Liu-Nagel jamming concept has attracted intensive theoretical and modelling interest but has prompted less experimental effort. In the Liu-Nagel framework, jammed states of athermal systems exist only above a certain critical density. Although numerical simulations for particles that do not experience friction broadly support this idea, the nature of the jamming transition for frictional grains is less clear. Here we show that jamming of frictional, disk-shaped grains can be induced by the application of shear stress at densities lower than the critical value, at which isotropic (shear-free) jamming occurs. These jammed states have a much richer phenomenology than the isotropic jammed states: for small applied shear stresses, the states are fragile, with a strong force network that percolates only in one direction. A minimum shear stress is needed to create robust, shear-jammed states with a strong force network percolating in all directions. The transitions from unjammed to fragile states and from fragile to shear-jammed states are controlled by the fraction of force-bearing grains. The fractions at which these transitions occur are statistically independent of the density. Jammed states with densities lower than the critical value have an anisotropic fabric (contact network). The minimum anisotropy of shear-jammed states vanishes as the density approaches the critical value from below, in a manner reminiscent of an order-disorder transition.     

一种基于CT-SVD的鲁棒水印算法

提出了基于Contourlet变换(CT)和奇异值分解(SVD)的水印算法.与通常直接将水印嵌入至系数中的CT算法不同,选择了CT域低通子带的部分最大系数构建矩阵,对该矩阵进行奇异值分解,经Arnold置乱后的水印结合人眼视觉特性(HVS)被自适应地嵌入至奇异值中.实验结果表明,算法保证了极高的峰值信噪比(PSNR),并且体现了对缩放、JPEG压缩、剪切、滤波等攻击很好的鲁棒性.     

Skin collagen fiber-based radar absorbing materials

By using skin collagen fiber (CF) as raw material,Schiff base structure containing CF (Sa-CF) was synthesized through CF-salicylaldehyde reaction.Then a novel radar absorbing material (Fe-Sa-CF) was prepared by chelating reaction between Sa-CF and Fe 3+.The coaxial transmission and reflection method was used to analyze the complex permittivity and complex magnetic permeability of these CF-based materials,and the radar cross section (RCS) method was used to investigate their radar absorbing properties in the frequency range of 1.0-18.0 GHz.Experimental results indicated that the conductivity of CF increased from initial 1.08×10-11 to 2.86×10-6 S/cm after being transferred into Fe-Sa-CF,and its dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) in the frequency range of 1.0-17.0 GHz also increased.These facts suggest that the Fe-Sa-CF is electric-loss type radar absorbing material.In the frequency range of 3.0-18.0 GHz,Sa-CF (1.0 mm in thickness) exhibited somewhat radar absorbing property with maximum radar reflection loss (RL) of-4.73 dB.As for Fe-Sa-CF,the absorbing bandwidth was broadened,and the absorbing intensity significantly increased in the frequency range of 1.0-18.0 GHz where a maximum radar RL of-9.23 dB was observed.In addition,the radar absorbing intensity of Fe-Sa-CF can be further improved by increasing membrane thickness.When the thickness reached to 2.0 mm,the RL values of Fe-Sa-CF were-15.0-18.0 dB in the frequency range of 7.0-18.0 GHz.Consequently,a kind of novel radar absorbing material can be prepared by chemical modification of collagen fiber,which is characterized by thin thickness,low density,broad absorption bandwidth and high absorption intensity.     

石墨烯纳米带热导率的分子动力学模拟

采用非平衡态分子动力学方法研究了石墨烯纳米带的热导率随温度变化的关系.通过在纳米带长度方向上施加周期性边界条件,利用Tersoff作用势和Fourier定律计算热导率.由于模拟尺寸较小时热导率随纳米带长度的增加而单调增加,为了减小长度对石墨烯纳米带热导率的影响,采用倒数拟合的方法消除了尺寸效应.模拟结果表明,石墨烯纳米带热导率随温度升高逐渐减小,这与高温下Umklapp散射作用的增强有关.结果还表明,在实际宽度近似相等的条件下,锯齿形纳米带的热导率明显高于扶手椅形,且对相同类型的纳米带,其热导率随宽度的增加而增加,表明纳米带的手性和宽度是影响石墨烯纳米带导热性能的重要参数.