全文获取类型
收费全文 | 481篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 6篇 |
丛书文集 | 1篇 |
教育与普及 | 1篇 |
理论与方法论 | 11篇 |
现状及发展 | 122篇 |
研究方法 | 43篇 |
综合类 | 269篇 |
自然研究 | 36篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 47篇 |
2011年 | 102篇 |
2010年 | 22篇 |
2009年 | 2篇 |
2008年 | 29篇 |
2007年 | 28篇 |
2006年 | 26篇 |
2005年 | 26篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 6篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
1946年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有489条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
Chaimanee Y Suteethorn V Jintasakul P Vidthayanon C Marandat B Jaeger JJ 《Nature》2004,427(6973):439-441
The fossil record of the living great apes is poor. New fossils from undocumented areas, particularly the equatorial forested habitats of extant hominoids, are therefore crucial for understanding their origins and evolution. Two main competing hypotheses have been proposed for orang-utan origins: dental similarities support an origin from Lufengpithecus, a South Chinese and Thai Middle Miocene hominoid; facial and palatal similarities support an origin from Sivapithecus, a Miocene hominoid from the Siwaliks of Indo-Pakistan. However, materials other than teeth and faces do not support these hypotheses. Here we describe the lower jaw of a new hominoid from the Late Miocene of Thailand, Khoratpithecus piriyai gen. et sp. nov., which shares unique derived characters with orang-utans and supports a hypothesis of closer relationships with orang-utans than other known Miocene hominoids. It can therefore be considered as the closest known relative of orang-utans. Ancestors of this great ape were therefore evolving in Thailand under tropical conditions similar to those of today, in contrast with Southern China and Pakistan, where temperate or more seasonal climates appeared during the Late Miocene. 相似文献
132.
Zschokke S 《Nature》2003,424(6949):636-637
The use of viscid silk in aerial webs as a means to capture prey was a key innovation of araneoid spiders and has contributed largely to their ecological success. Here I describe a single silk thread from a spider's web that bears glue droplets and has been preserved in Lebanese amber from the Early Cretaceous period for about 130 million years. This specimen not only demonstrates the antiquity of viscid silk and of the spider superfamily Araneoidea, but is also some 90 million years older than the oldest viscid spider thread previously reported in Baltic amber from the Eocene epoch. 相似文献
133.
134.
We present an O(n 3)-time, O(n 2)-space algorithm to test whether a dissimilarity d on an n-object set X is Robinsonian, i.e., X admits an ordering such that i≤j≤k implies that d(x i,xk)≥max {d(xi,xj),d(xj,xk)}. 相似文献
135.
Deoxygenated sickle haemoglobin polymerizes into long 210-A diameter fibres that distort and decrease the deformability of red blood cells, and cause sickle cell disease. The fibres consist of seven intertwined double strands. They can form birefringent nematic liquid crystals (tactoids) and spherulites. Rheologically, the system behaves as a gel. The equilibria show a phase separation and a solubility. The reaction kinetics show a delay time, are then roughly exponential and are highly dependent on concentration and temperature, and accord with the double nucleation model. But these conclusions are derived from macroscopic data, without direct observation of individual fibres. We have now used non-invasive video-enhanced differential interference contrast (DIC) and dark-field microscopy to observe nucleation, growth and interaction of sickle deoxyhaemoglobin fibres in real time. The fibres originate both from centres that produce many radially distributed fibres and on the surface of pre-existing fibres, from which they then branch. The resulting network is cross-linked and dynamic in that it is flexible and continues to grow and cross-link. Our results support most aspects of the double nucleation model. 相似文献
136.
申元庆 《科技导报(北京)》2018,36(17):14-18
技术革命带动社会变革,人类社会发展经历的3次浪潮--从农业革命到工业革命再到信息革命,无一不是当时的“颠覆性技术”带来的巨大变革。如今,从云计算到大数据,到人工智能等,这些颠覆性技术每年都给世界经济甚至世界格局带来巨大影响。世界主要国家对技术预见能力都高度重视,颠覆性技术发展核心技术能力成为各国战略布局的重点。本文阐述了颠覆性技术的8个趋势、2个环境和7层技术模型,并介绍了云计算、人工智能对数字化经济的重要变革作用。 相似文献
137.
Chao Huang Chenying Fu Jonathan D. Wren Xuejun Wang Feng Zhang Yanhui H. Zhang Samuel A. Connel Taosheng Chen Xin A. Zhang 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2018,75(18):3423-3439
Tetraspanins co-emerged with multi-cellular organisms during evolution are typically localized at the cell–cell interface, and form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) by associating with each other and other membrane molecules. Tetraspanins affect various biological functions, but how tetraspanins engage in multi-faceted functions at the cellular level is largely unknown. When cells interact, the membrane microextrusions at the cell–cell interfaces form dynamic, digit-like structures between cells, which we term digitation junctions (DJs). We found that (1) tetraspanins CD9, CD81, and CD82 and (2) TEM-associated molecules integrin α3β1, CD44, EWI2/PGRL, and PI-4P are present in DJs of epithelial, endothelial, and cancer cells. Tetraspanins and their associated molecules also regulate the formation and development of DJs. Moreover, (1) actin cytoskeleton, RhoA, and actomyosin activities and (2) growth factor receptor-Src-MAP kinase signaling, but not PI-3 kinase, regulate DJs. Finally, we showed that DJs consist of various forms in different cells. Thus, DJs are common, interactive structures between cells, and likely affect cell adhesion, migration, and communication. TEMs probably modulate various cell functions through DJs. Our findings highlight that DJ morphogenesis reflects the transition between cell–matrix adhesion and cell–cell adhesion and involves both cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion molecules. 相似文献
138.
Gabriele Eden Marco Archinti Ralitsa Arnaudova Giuseppina Andreotti Andrea Motta Federico Furlan Valentina Citro Maria Vittoria Cubellis Bernard Degryse 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2018,75(10):1889-1907
The urokinase receptor (uPAR) stimulates cell proliferation by forming a macromolecular complex with αvβ3 integrin and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1 or HER1) that we name the uPAR proliferasome. uPAR transactivates EGFR, which in turn mediates uPAR-initiated mitogenic signal to the cell. EGFR activation and EGFR-dependent cell growth are blocked in the absence of uPAR expression or when uPAR activity is inhibited by antibodies against either uPAR or EGFR. The mitogenic sequence of uPAR corresponds to the D2A motif present in domain 2. NMR analysis revealed that D2A synthetic peptide has a particular three-dimensional structure, which is atypical for short peptides. D2A peptide is as effective as EGF in promoting EGFR phosphorylation and cell proliferation that were inhibited by AG1478, a specific inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR. Both D2A and EGF failed to induce proliferation of NR6-EGFR-K721A cells expressing a kinase-defective mutant of EGFR. Moreover, D2A peptide and EGF phosphorylate ERK demonstrating the involvement of the MAP kinase signalling pathway. Altogether, this study reveals the importance of sequence D2A of uPAR, and the interdependence of uPAR and EGFR. 相似文献
139.
Finberg KE Heeney MM Campagna DR Aydinok Y Pearson HA Hartman KR Mayo MM Samuel SM Strouse JJ Markianos K Andrews NC Fleming MD 《Nature genetics》2008,40(5):569-571
Iron deficiency is usually attributed to chronic blood loss or inadequate dietary intake. Here, we show that iron deficiency anemia refractory to oral iron therapy can be caused by germline mutations in TMPRSS6, which encodes a type II transmembrane serine protease produced by the liver that regulates the expression of the systemic iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. These findings demonstrate that TMPRSS6 is essential for normal systemic iron homeostasis in humans. 相似文献
140.
Jean‐Thomas Bernard Lynda Khalaf Maral Kichian Sebastien Mcmahon 《Journal of forecasting》2008,27(4):279-291
In examining stochastic models for commodity prices, central questions often revolve around time‐varying trend, stochastic convenience yield and volatility, and mean reversion. This paper seeks to assess and compare alternative approaches to modelling these effects, with focus on forecast performance. Three specifications are considered: (i) random‐walk models with GARCH and normal or Student‐t innovations; (ii) Poisson‐based jump‐diffusion models with GARCH and normal or Student‐t innovations; and (iii) mean‐reverting models that allow for uncertainty in equilibrium price. Our empirical application makes use of aluminium spot and futures price series at daily and weekly frequencies. Results show: (i) models with stochastic convenience yield outperform all other competing models, and for all forecast horizons; (ii) the use of futures prices does not always yield lower forecast error values compared to the use of spot prices; and (iii) within the class of (G)ARCH random‐walk models, no model uniformly dominates the other. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献