青海省唐古特铁线莲指纹图谱的构建

[目的]建立青海省唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸成分HPLC指纹图谱,为其质量控制提供方法学依据.[方法]采用HPLC法建立唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸指纹图谱,标示其共有峰与特征峰,进行相似度评价.[结果]通过对10批唐古特铁线莲药材的测定,标定15个共有峰和12个非共有峰,建立了测试样品的HPLC指纹图谱.[结论]该方法准确、稳定、可靠,可用于唐古特铁线莲的质量研究和评价.     

Hypervariable 'minisatellite' regions in human DNA

The human genome contains many dispersed tandem-repetitive 'minisatellite' regions detected via a shared 10-15-base pair 'core' sequence similar to the generalized recombination signal (chi) of Escherichia coli. Many minisatellites are highly polymorphic due to allelic variation in repeat copy number in the minisatellite. A probe based on a tandem-repeat of the core sequence can detect many highly variable loci simultaneously and can provide an individual-specific DNA 'fingerprint' of general use in human genetic analysis.     

Substrate specificity and affinity of a protein modulated by bound water molecules

Water molecules influence molecular interactions in all biological systems, yet it is extremely difficult to understand their effects in precise atomic detail. Here we present evidence, based on highly refined atomic structures of the complexes of the L-arabinose-binding protein with L-arabinose, D-fucose and D-galactose, that bound water molecules, coupled with localized conformational changes, can govern substrate specificity and affinity. The atoms common to the three sugars are identically positioned in the binding site and the same nine strong hydrogen bonds are formed in all three complexes. Two hydrogen-bonded water molecules in the site contribute further to tight binding of L-arabinose but create an unfavourable interaction with the methyl group of D-fucose. Equally tight binding of D-galactose is attained by the replacement of one of the hydrogen-bonded water molecules by its--CH2OH group, coordinated with localized structural changes which include a shift and redirection of the hydrogen-bonding interactions of the other water molecule. These observations illustrate how ordered water molecules can contribute directly to the properties of proteins by influencing their interaction with ligands.     

单管半导体激光器快轴准直轴向误差分析

分别采用ZEM AX光学设计软件和高斯光束传输变换理论算法对单管半导体激光器快轴准直透镜轴向误差进行模拟计算分析。基于微透镜准直设备的单管快轴准直实验结果与两种方法得到的结果进行对比,分析得出高斯光束传输变换理论计算的曲线图更加接近实验结果。     

上海地区冷季型草坪主要病害鉴定及防治策略

研究调查了上海地区高羊茅，草地早熟禾，多年生黑麦草，葡匐剪股颖等主要冷季型草坪草病害发生情况。鉴定出８种主要病害，其中早熟禾枯萎病，黑麦草和高羊 在部分草坪上发生严重，翦股颖上没发现严重病害。针对上海地区的具体情况和国际上草坪病害研究的新进展，提出了冷季型草坪草病害的综合防治策略；     

Predictability of Plastic Parts Behaviour Made from Rapid Manufacturing

One of the most important issues to resolve in parts manufactured from rapid manufacturing (RM) technologies is to know their behavior working under real conditions. Total quality manufacturing (TQM) is only possible if mechanical properties are well known in the design stage depending on the processing parameters. This work is mainly focused on testing of several samples made with different selective laser sintering (SLS) parameters and technologies. This procedure is the starting point to establish a basis for designing for RM and the standardization of RM testing. The experiments and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyzed the effects of several factors on mechanical properties. The SLS technologies were 3DSystem and EOS. The results show which factor has a large effect on the variables and the interaction between them. The conclusions are very useful for developing rules for designing (designing for RM) and creating new standard rules (ISO, AISI, and DIN) for RM materials and parts testing. The ANOVA gives a better knowledge of the effects of these factors and eliminates unimportant parameters.     

A fusion protein required for vesicle-mediated transport in both mammalian cells and yeast

A protein sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide catalyses the fusion of transport vesicles with Golgi cisternae in a mammalian cell-free system. By cloning and sequencing its gene from Chinese hamster ovary cells and by use of in vitro assays, we show that this fusion protein is equivalent to the SEC18 gene product of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, known to be essential for vesicle-mediated transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. The mechanism of vesicular fusion is thus highly conserved, both between species and at different stages of transport.     

遏制我国行政组织追求自身利益的对策

处于社会主义初级阶段的我国各级行政组织存在自身利益是一种客观现实。这是社会主义初级阶段社会经济基础的必然反映。行政组织谋取自身利益必然对行政体制的正常运作造成不良影响，给社会公平和秩序造成负面影响和严重危害。我们必须对行政组织追求自身利益的现象予以高度重视，并采取有力措施，遏制我国行政组织追求自身利益的不良现象。     

氨制冷系统安全完整性等级的确定

在安全完整性等级的评价过程中定义了风险概率降低值Q_○rpr,并给出了Q_○rpr的计算公式.Q_○rpr是用来表征风险概率降低的大小,其数值大小与系统安全完整性等级所要求的失效概率存在对应关系,进而可以确定系统的安全完整性等级.在经典的HAZOP-LOPA评价方法中融入Q_○rpr的计算,可以更加准确、快速地评价系统的安全完整性等级.采用该方法对氨制冷系统进行安全完整性等级评价.分析了氨制冷系统可能发生的泄漏爆炸事故,并对其安全相关系统进行了安全完整性等级评价,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.     

质子交换膜电解池内氧气泡输运过程特性

研究了质子交换膜电解池(proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell,PEMEC)阳极流场内的氧气泡运动特性,采用VOF(volume of fluid)方法分析了多孔输运层(porous transport layer,PTL)表面接触角、液态水流速、氧气产生速率及PTL孔径对氧气泡在流道中运动特性的影响.结果表明:PTL处理为亲水性有利于气泡脱离,降低表面气体覆盖率,促进液态水到达催化层;高的液态水流速会减小气泡脱离时间及脱离体积,降低PTL表面气体覆盖率及容积含气率,促进气泡从流道中排出;气体生成速率增大会提高流道容积含气率和PTL表面气体覆盖率,不利于电解池的运行;随PTL孔径增大,气泡脱离体积增大,脱离时间先减小后增加.