Magnetic rotation imaging method to measure the geomagnetic field

A new imaging method for measuring the geomagnetic field based on the magnetic rotation effect is put forward. With the help of polarization property of the sunlight reflected from the ground and the magnetic rotation of the atmosphere, the geomagnetic field can be measured by an optical system installed on a satellite. According to its principle, the three-dimensional image of the geomagnetic field can be obtained. The measuring speed of this method is very high, and there is no blind spot and distortion. In this paper, the principle of this method is presented, and some key problems are discussed.     

基于平衡的微型燃气轮机回热循环效率分析

对采用回热循环的微型燃气轮机进行了正、反平衡效率分析,推导了正、反平衡效率一致性的数学模型.结合微型燃气轮机实例,计算了正、反平衡的效率,并进行了分析的可靠性检验,检验结果表明,实例中的正、反平衡效率偏差和偏差率都很小,分析结果可靠.通过反平衡效率分析,得出了微型燃气轮机的主要损部位,提高微型燃气轮机效率可主要从改进燃烧室和回热器入手,对于排气中的损失可采用结合余热利用装置加以利用.     

农村教师队伍建设面临的问题透视——农村教师专业化发展视角

我国农村教师队伍建设取得了很大新成就,但是依然面临着诸多问题与挑战,主要是农村教师保障难、补充难和农村教师教育难。就问题及其原因分析,相应的对策建议是：加强教育执法,确保农村教师待遇;增加教师编制,有序补充农村教师;师范毕业生定向分配当农村教师,落实有编有岗,激活农村教师教育。对于农村代课教师,不是简单地说“清退”,而是要妥善“安置”。     

一种改进的快速车牌定位算法

文章提出了一种基于纹理特征和颜色特征的车牌定位算法.算法首先利用车牌的纹理特征对车牌进行了初步定位,其中主要有图像预处理、边缘检测、数学形态学处理等步骤.最后利用车牌区域的颜色特征对车牌区域进行精确定位,主要包括空间转换、边界确定等步骤.对80张相片进行测试的结果表明,该方法准确率高、速度快.     

浅表性骨肉瘤病理分析及其微血管密度

目的 探讨浅表性骨肉瘤的临床病理学特征及其微血管密度.方法 选取经手术病理证实的13例浅表性骨肉瘤患者,对其临床及病理资料进行回顾性分析,采用免疫组化SP法检测患者CD105及CD105-MVD的表达情况,并与13例良性骨肿瘤患者资料进行对照分析.结果 患者膝关节会出现屈曲活动受限,可伴有不同程度疼痛、肿胀、压痛、缓慢性增大肿块、皮温增高等症状.肿瘤的部位、大小与周围组织关系以及骨皮质侵蚀情况均可在影像学上清晰显示.在浅表性骨肉瘤中CD105阳性表达率和CD105-MVD均明显高于良性骨肿瘤,两者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 浅表性骨肉瘤诊断主要依靠临床、影像学以及病理学等多方面综合诊断,浅表性骨肉瘤中CD105-MVD明显升高,CD105-MVD很可能参与肿瘤性血管的生成,从而影响浅表性骨肉瘤的发生、发展以及预后.     

益娄高速公路膨胀土石灰掺量的试验确定

益娄高速公路从二标至五标、十二标段之间断续分布有厚薄不等、具有弱~中等膨胀性的膨胀土。为了充分利用当地膨胀土,决定采用掺石灰的方法对膨胀土进行改良,本文通过室内外试验确定了最佳的掺灰量。首先根据膨胀土的膨胀性、液塑性、强度指标,通过室内试验初步确定合理掺灰量为5%~6%,再根据加州承载比(California bearing ratio—CBR)、压实度、胀缩总率指标通过室外试验最终确定合理掺灰量为6%。采用"室内外双控掺灰量"可以充分保证掺灰量的准确性,使改良土体达到设计要求,满足路基施工技术规范。     

Comparative study on the corrosion behavior of X52, 3Cr,and 13Cr steel in an O2–H2O–CO2 system: products,reaction kinetics,and pitting sensitivity

The corrosionbehaviors of X52, 3Cr low-alloy steel, and 13Cr stainless steel were investigated inanO2–H2O–CO2 environment at varioustemperaturesand O2–CO2partial-pressure ratios. The results showed thatthe corrosion rates of X52, 3Cr, and 13Cr steels in-creased with increasing temperature. The corrosion ratesslowly increased at temperaturesless than100℃ and increased sharply when the temperature exceeded100℃. In the absence of O2, X52, 3Cr, and 13Cr exhibited uniform corrosion morphology and FeCO3 was the main corrosion product. When O2 was introduced into the system, various forms of Fe2O3 appeared on the surface of the samples. The Cr content strongly influenced the corrosion resistance. The 3Cr steel with a low Cr content was more sensitive to pitting than the X52 or 13Cr steel. Thus, pitting occurred on the surface of 3Cr when 1.25 MPa of O2 was added; this phenomenon is related to the non-uniform distribution of Cr in 3Cr.     

Reaction mechanism for in-situ β-SiAlON formation in Fe3Si-Si3N4-Al2O3 composites

In this work, Fe₃Si-Si₃N₄-Al₂O₃ composites were prepared at 1300℃ in an N₂ atmosphere using fused corundum and tabular alumina particles, Al₂O₃ fine powder, and ferrosilicon nitride (Fe₃Si-Si₃N₄) as raw materials and thermosetting phenolic resin as a binder. The effect of ferrosilicon nitride with different concentrations (0wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, and 25wt%) on the properties of Fe₃Si-Si₃N₄-Al₂O₃ composites was investigated. The results show that the apparent porosity varies between 10.3% and 17.3%, the bulk density varies from 2.94 g/cm3 and 3.30 g/cm3, and the cold crushing strength ranges from 67 MPa to 93 MPa. Under the experimental conditions, ferrosilicon nitride, whose content decreases substantially, is unstable; part of the ferrosilicon nitride is converted into Fe₂C, whereas the remainder is retained, eventually forming the ferrosilicon alloy. Thermodynamic assessment of the Si₅AlON₇ indicated that the ferrosilicon alloy accelerated the reactions between Si₃N₄ and α-Al₂O₃ fine powder and that Si in the ferrosilicon alloy was nitrided directly, forming β-SiAlON simultaneously. In addition, fused corundum did not react directly with Si₃N₄ because of its low reactivity.     

Temperature dependent spectral response characteristic of III-V compound tandem cell

The GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction tandem cells with a conversion efficiency of 27.1% were fabricated using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. Temperature dependence of the spectral response measurements of the GaInP/GaAs/Ge tandem cell was performed by a quantum effi-ciency system at temperatures ranging from 25℃ to 160℃. The red-shift phenomena of the absorption limit for all subcells were observed with increasing temperature, which is dued to the energy gap nar-rowing with temperature. The short-circuit current densities (J_sc)of GaInP, GaAs and Ge subcells at room temperature calculated based on the spectral response data were 12.9, 13.7 and 17 mA/cm², re-spectively. The temperature coefficient of J_sc for the tandem cell was determined to be 8.9 mA/(cm²·℃), and the corresponding temperature coefficient of the open-circuit voltage deduced from the se-ries-connected model was -6.27 mV/℃.