Neurotrophic regulation of synapse development and plasticity

Neurotrophic factors are traditionally thought to be secretory proteins that regulate long-tern survival and differe, ntiation of neurons. Recent studies have revealed a previously unexpected role for these factors in synaptie de velopment ami plasticity in diverse neuronal populations. Here we review experimeuts carried oul in our own laboratory in the last few years.. We have made two important discoveries.First,we were among the first to report that brain-derived. neurotrophie faclor (BDNF) facilitates hippocampal hmg-term potentiation (LTP), a form of synaptic plaslicity believed to be involved in learning and memory. BDNF modulates LTP al CAI synapses by enhaneing synaptic responses to high frequency, tetanic slimulalion. This is achieved primafily by facilitating synaptie vesicle doeking, possibly due to an in crease in the levels of the vesicle prolein synaptobrevin and synaptoplysin in the nerve terminals. Gene knockout study demonstrates thai the effects of BDNF are primarily mediated through presynaptic mechanisms. Second, we demonstrated a form of long-term, neurotrophin-mediated synaptic regulation. We showed that long-term treatment of the neuromuscu lar synapses with neurotrophin-3 (NT3) resulted in an enhancement of both spontaneous and evoked synaptic currcuts, as well as profound changes in thc number of synaptic varicosities and syuaptic vesicle proteins in motoneurons, all of which are indicative of more mature synapses. Our current work addresses the following issues:(i) activity-dependent trafficking of neurotrophin receptors, and its role in synapse-specific modulation; (ii) signal transduction mechanisms medialing the acute enhancement of synaplic transmission by neurotrophins; (iii) acute and long-tenn synaptie actions of the GDNF family; (iv) role of BDNF in late-phase LTP and in the development of hippocampal circuit.     

L—Fuzzy单位区间与L—Fuzzy实直线的连通性

本文主要讨论L-Fuzzy 单位区间I(L)和L-Fuzzy 实直线R(L)的连通性、证明了L-Fuzzy 单位区间I(L)和L-Fruzzy 实直线R(L)是连通的.     

多媒体计算机辅助教学系统(EMMCAIS)的开发与实现

本讨论了多媒体计算机辅助教学系统所需的网络环境,给出了系统的网络结构,并论述了开发过程中所涉及的关键技术。     

Influence of low energy ballistic electron on the transmittance properties of Au/Si interface studied by ballistic-electron-emission microscope

Conclusions The electronic properties of Au/Si interface are investigated with a homemade ballistic-electron-emission microscope. The spatial distribution of Schottky barrier height is detected. Irreversible changes of ballistic transmittance of local interface with typical size of a few hundred of angstroms in diameter are observed by raising the tip voltage temporarily. Ballistic-electron-emission spectroscopy indicates that the electron transmission probabilities are reduced significantly inside the modified region, which is attributed to the Au-Si intermixing and other chemical reactions occurring at the interfacial layer stimulated by the injected energetic hot electrons.     

河西走廊近50年来生态环境恶化特征研究

曾经美丽丰腴的河西走廊,正面临着严重的生态环境地质问题,为了遏止该地区生态环境继续恶化,搜集翔实的资料,系统阐明了河西走廊近50年来生态环境演变特征。结果表明,自20世纪50年代以来,由于随着中游地区工农业用水量的增加和水利化程度的日臻完善,引起地下水补给量减少,造成区域地下水位下降,从而在河西走廊以植被退化、土壤盐渍化、土地沙漠化、水质恶化为代表的生态环境问题呈现逐渐恶化趋势,中上游较轻,下游民勤盆地、额济纳平原较严重。世界著名的月牙泉水面面积20世纪50年代末为14 800m2,水深为7.5m,现在水面已缩小到1 550 m2,水深已不足1m,且将不断萎缩,岌岌可危;20世纪50年代初东西居延海水域面积约有300km2,年产鱼5万kg,现在西居延海已成寸草不生的戈壁滩,东居延海只剩下干涸的湖底。亚洲最大的沙漠水库—民勤红崖山水库也因无水而干涸,有志之识发出了"绝不能让民勤盆地成为第二个罗布泊"的呐喊。     

刺激物温度对味阈的影响

测试发现，酸味和甜味的感觉阈值随刺激物温度的升高而降低，咸味和苦味的感受阈值在中等刺激物温度下最低．在各种刺激物温度下，酸味、甜味和咸味的感觉阈值女性都低于男性．人类对苦味的感觉阈值低，但个体差异较大．     

糖尿病性白内障摘除和人工晶体植入疗效观察

报告３４例糖尿病性白内障行白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术，结果表明，将糖尿病人血糖控制稳定在一定水平，同时注意检查和处理并发症，进行眼科手术是比较安全的，能达到预期的复明效果。     

断裂统计理论在材料性能研究中的应用

利用位错理论和断裂统计理论推导出材料强度和韧性与其它物理量之间的函数关系，并将推导的计算结果与实验值作一比较。