干旱绿洲植物叶片光合作用特性及季节变化规律

针对西北干旱区绿洲经济作物葡萄树叶片光合作用特性及季节动态差异等相关问题,在甘肃省敦煌市南湖绿洲应用便携式光合作用-荧光测量系统GFS-3000,测定了无核白葡萄叶片的光合特性指标及相关生理、生态指标的季节变化.结果表明:6-9月的净光合速率随光照强度的增加整体呈先上升后平稳的趋势,最大净光合速率与表观量子效率季节变化规律一致,光补偿点和暗呼吸速率季节变化规律一致,净光合速率随CO_2分数的升高快速上升,而后增速缓慢并逐渐趋于稳定,最后出现下降趋势.最大净光合速率和羧化速率季节变化规律一致,单位叶面积氮质量与最大净光合速率表现出正相关关系.     

导电薄板通电瞬间绝热裂尖处温度场的复变函数解

采用对通电瞬间的导电薄板中绝热裂纹尖端放置等效热源的方法。给出了温度场的复变函数解,从而确定了裂尖附近的温度分布,为进一步确定裂尖附的近的应力场奠定了基础。     

Method of Hill Tunneling via Weighted Simplex Centroid for Continuous Piecewise Linear Programming

This paper works on a heuristic algorithm with determinacy for the global optimization of Continuous PieceWise Linear(CPWL) programming. The widely applied CPWL programming can be equivalently transformed into D.C. programming and concave optimization over a polyhedron. Considering that the super-level sets of concave piecewise linear functions are polyhedra, we propose the Hill Tunneling via Weighted Simplex Centroid(HTWSC) algorithm, which can escape a local optimum to reach the other side of its contour surface by cutting across the super-level set. The searching path for hill tunneling is established via the weighted centroid of a constructed simplex. In the numerical experiments, different weighting methods are studied first, and the best is chosen for the proposed HTWSC algorithm. Then, the HTWSC algorithm is compared with the hill detouring method and the software CPLEX for the equivalent mixed integer programming, with results indicating its superior performance in terms of numerical efficiency and the global search capability.     

石墨化度对炭/炭复合材料力学性能的影响

通过三点弯曲试验,并借助SEM断口形貌分析,研究了石墨化度对炭/炭复合材料抗弯强度的影响,对其断裂机制进行了探讨．试验所用材料的基体为沥青浸渍炭+少量CVD炭,增强体炭纤维由乱短纤维和成束长纤维织成的炭布构成,长纤维沿X-Y平面分层铺开,长纤维层之间是随机分布的乱短纤维层．研究结果表明当石墨化度不同时,复合材料的断裂机制不同;在所研究的石墨化度范围28.4%～77.3%内,随着石墨化度的提高,材料的抗弯强度呈现加速下降的趋势;当石墨化度为77.3%时,材料的抗弯强度仅为石墨化度为28.4%时的60%．在石墨化度较低(如27.4%和56.8%)时,材料中的长纤维呈现以拔出机制为主,裂纹沿长纤维束层与乱短纤维层之间的界面传播;在石墨化度较高(如70.6%和77.3%)时,材料中的长纤维被横向切断,裂纹切过长纤维向前传播．这对炭/炭复合材料的研究、开发具有指导意义．     

全氟丁烷磺酸与益生菌对斑马鱼甲状腺内分泌系统的联合效应研究

全氟丁烷磺酸(Perfluorobutanesulfonate, PFBS)是一种新污染物,对鱼类甲状腺内分泌系统具有一定损害效应.益生菌能在一定程度上减轻环境污染物对生物体造成的危害,但其能否调节PFBS的甲状腺内分泌干扰效应尚不清楚.通过将成年斑马鱼暴露于不同质量浓度(0、10和100μg/L)PFBS的养殖水中28 d,投喂添加或不添加益生菌(鼠李糖乳杆菌,Lactobacillus rhamnosus)的饲料,测定亲代下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴关键基因,以及亲代大脑、血液和子代胚胎中甲状腺激素水平,以探究PFBS与益生菌共暴露对斑马鱼甲状腺内分泌系统的联合效应.结果显示,在激素水平上,PFBS降低了亲代血液T3水平,而添加益生菌能减轻雄鱼血液T3水平的降低.在基因水平上,100μg/L PFBS与益生菌共暴露促进雄鱼大脑tshβ基因表达以应对低水平的T3,并与相应PFBS单独暴露相比差异显著,表明添加益生菌可以减轻高质量浓度PFBS诱导的雄鱼大脑T3水平的降低;PFBS单独暴露能上调雌鱼大脑trα基因表达,而PFBS与益生菌共暴露则上调trα和trβ基因表达,表明添加益生菌能使机体...     

Super-plasticity of Zr<Subscript>64.80</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>14.85</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>10.35</Subscript>Al<Subscript>10</Subscript> bulk metallic glass at room temperature

Generally, bulk metallic glasses （BMGs） exhibit a very limited plastic deformation under a compression load at room temperature, often less than 2% before fracturing. In this letter, through an appropriate choice of BMGs＇ composition, an amorphous rod of Zr64.80Cu14.85Ni10.35Al10 with a diameter of 2 mm was prepared by using copper mold suction casting. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were utilized to determine its structure and thermal stability, and the uniaxial compression test was adopted to study its plastic deformation behavior at room temperature simultaneously. The results showed that the glass transition temperature and onset temperature of the exothermic reaction of the amorphous rod were 646 and 750 K, respectively, and its micro-hardness was 594.7 Hv. During compression, when the engineering strain and engineering stress arrived at 9.05% and 1732 MPa, respectively, i.e., the true strain and true stress reached 9.42% and 1560 MPa, respectively, the amorphous rod started to yield. After yielding, with the increase of load, the strain increased and the glass rod ulti- mately were compressed into flake-like form. Although the maximum engineering strain was larger than 70%, i.e., the maximum true strain exceeded by 120%, the amorphous specimen was not fractured, indicating that it has super-plasticity at room temperature. Through the appropriate choice of composition and optimization of the technological process, flexible BMG with super-plasticity at room temperature could be produced.     

T─2型油锯模拟试验台电气部分再研究

针对原电气部分不足，提出了采用具有电流内环和速度外环的双闭环调节方案，并采用了KJ—004集成移相触发电路，大大提高了触发回路的精度，使该直流调速系统更加稳定．     

固液两相流管道水力输送的研究进展

在参阅国内外有关文献的基础上,介绍了管道水力输送的基本原理,综述了管道固液两相流动中流动状态,浓度和速度分布,临界流速及摩阻损失等方面的研究进展。     

焦化厂区环境空气中多环芳烃的气固分布特征

采集山西省4个典型焦化厂区环境空气中气态和颗粒态样品,通过GC-MS测定美国环保局优控的16种多环芳烃(PAHs).焦化厂区16种PAHs质量浓度之和在3.7396～18.1610 μg·m-3之间,且随着焦炉高度的增大而减小,其中特征污染物苯并(a)芘质量浓度在0.008 9～0.099 8μg·m-3之间.气相PAHs均值中萘和菲质量浓度较高,苯并(ghi)苝质量浓度最低;颗粒相中苯并(b)荧蒽质量浓度最高,蒽质量浓度最低;总PAHs中气相质量浓度较高,质量分数为87.2％.故应采取措施监控炼焦过程中萘和菲的排放.对PAHs的气固分配系数与液相饱和蒸汽压进行相关性分析,二者相关系数R2=0.95,斜率mr=-0.52,表明吸收机制是焦化厂区环境空气中PAHs在颗粒物上附着的主要原因.     

能量有效的多小区OFDMA下行链路资源分配算法

为了实现多小区正交频分多址(OFDMA)下行链路资源动态分配,采用非合作博弈给出多小区OFDMA子信道分配和功率分配的联合博弈模型,各小区以最大化能量效率为目标实现资源动态分配.由于最优子信道和功率联合分配是NP-hard问题,为了求解联合博弈问题,首先,将其分解为子信道分配和功率分配2个子问题,然后,采用干扰信道增益比最小准则实现子信道分配,在此基础上,利用非合作博弈实现功率分配.理论分析显示:该博弈模型可表达为潜在博弈,从而保证了非合作博弈收敛于纳什均衡解.仿真结果表明:算法性能良好,虽然一定程度上降低了传输速率,但获得了较高的能量效率,实现了能量效率和传输速率折中.