Temperature-induced fractionation of oxygen isotopes of diatom frustules and growth water in Lake Sihailongwan in Northeast China

Diatom oxygen isotopes have been widely applied in quantitative reconstruction of the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment, but have rarely been reported in China. In the present study, Lake Sihailongwan in Northeast China was selected for detailed investigation of oxygen isotopic fractionation between diatom frustules and lake water induced by growth temperature. This study involved a 2-year period of field monitoring of the lake water temperature at multiple depths and biweekly collections of traps for both sediment and water at shallow and bottom depths (7 and 49 m below the lake surface, respectively), diatom separation and purification of the trap sediments, and oxygen isotope measurement for diatom silica and lake water samples. The conditioned experiment conducted herein demonstrated that the laboratory device, methods and techniques used in this study were capable of generating reliable data for the typical oxygen isotope composition of diatom frustules. The data obtained revealed a prominent linear relationship between the oxygen isotope composition of the modern diatom and lake temperature during growth. The fractionation coefficient was about −0.185‰/°C−0.238‰/°C in the temperature range of 3.6–24°C, which is consistent with the observations from various aquatic environments and laboratory culture with different diatom taxa. These findings provide strong support for the dominant control of the growth temperature on the oxygen isotope fractionation between the diatom frustules and ambient water. A notable difference in the fractionation coefficient was observed between the surface and bottom diatom oxygen isotopes, suggesting that various depositional processes and taphonomic effects influenced the surface and bottom trap samples. Another factor leading to this difference may be that enrichment by evaporation and dilution by rainfall have a stronger influence on the surface. Overall, the results presented here demonstrate significant progress in evaluation of diatom oxygen isotopes in China and draw attention to the differences between surface and bottom diatom oxygen isotope compositions.     

Application of surface plasmon resonance in screening adsorbents and explaining adsorption phenomena using model polymers

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique was developed as an online screening method to identify effective adsorbents for the peptide NH₂-Cys-Thr-Trp-Trp-COOH (CW-4). To validate the SPR technique, several linear polymers containing amino acid residues were synthesized as models of their corresponding adsorbents. SPR screening of all the linear polymers demonstrated that the linear polymer containing phenylalanine residues (PPhe) exhibited the highest affinity for CW-4 among the polymers tested. In accordance with the screening results from SPR, the adsorbent containing phenylalanine (APhe) exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for CW-4. An interesting observation was that the amounts of CW-4 adsorbed on 3 adsorbents were quite small, even though both SPR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments indicated the presence of interactions between CW-4 and the three polymers. A kinetic analysis performed using SPR technology suggested such a phenomenon was ascribed to the poor stability of the CW-4/polymer complexes; that is, CW-4 associates with the polymers quickly, but it also dissociated quickly. The combined results suggested that SPR was a promising tool to identify the optimal adsorbent for peptides, analyze the interactions contributing to adsorption and explain adsorption phenomena using polymer models.     

GPS抗干扰单星约束自适应滤波器组设计与仿真

提出了一种分别针对多颗GPS卫星的波束形成自适应抗干扰实现方法,称为单星约束自适应滤波器组方法,用于GPS抗干扰处理,各个滤波器使阵列天线形成的主瓣分别对准每个期望卫星,从而提高接收信干噪比。该方法的自适应部分通过Givens旋转实现,并利用Givens旋转的结构特点,共用了大部分运算,降低了单星约束滤波器组的运算量。相比多星约束方法,能够提高信干噪比,并且计算量不会显著增加。仿真结果表明该方法相比多星约束方法,能显著提高信干噪比。     

高等体育院校辅导员在构建和谐师生关系中的作用

新时期“,构建和谐校园”是“构建和谐社会”最重要的组成部分,在高等体育院校学生管理中,师生关系是学校里最重要的人际关系,直接影响高等体育院校培养高素质体育人才的质量,因此,积极探索适应时代的和谐师生关系是当务之急。本文通过分析当前高等体育院校学生管理中师生关系的现状及特点,针对现实存在的问题,对如何构建和谐师生关系进行深入的分析与思考,提出新时期构建和谐师生关系的理念和对策。     

钾钙肥中有效氧化钾的测定

本文拟定了火焰光度法测定钾钙肥中有效氧化钾含量的条件 ,与四苯硼钠容量法比较 ,经F检验和t检验 .结果无显著性差异 ,完全可以代替四苯硼钠容量法用于钾钙肥中有效氧化钾的测定 ,是一种低耗快速的方法     

玻璃纤维增强尼龙拉伸断裂研究

本文研究了玻璃纤维增强尼龙在不同拉伸速率下的屈服和断裂行为。着重分析了玻璃纤维增强尼龙的拉伸载荷—伸长曲线类型、断口形貌特征和σy～logε曲线 ,实验结果显示GFPA的拉伸屈服应力与应变速率的关系遵从Eyring速度理论 ,并指出GFPA的低速段活化过程是由基体树脂的塑变所控制 ,而其高速段活化过程则由玻璃纤维断裂及其从基体中的拔出过程所控制     

利用荷质比理论证明四种基本力统一于库仑力

科学家汤姆逊早就创立了荷质比理论,并由此发现了电子;牛顿早就创立了质量统一思想,并由此发现了万有引力定律.后人忽视了他们的理论和思想,在研究四种基本力的统一方面,一直束手无策.本文发展和充实了他们的理论和思想,研究并证明了任意电子、质子、中子、原子核、原子、分子、化合物、混合物、物体的荷质比都为常数.并由此证明四种基本力统一于库仑力.     

东濮凹陷轴向重力流水道沉积研究

利用地质、测井和地震等多种资料进行的综合研究表明,东濮凹陷桥口和新霍地区沙三段中发育轴向重力流水道沉积,它们主要由灰黑色块状泥岩与平行层理砂岩、块状层理砂岩、递变层理砂岩及合卵石砂岩构成,在垂向上组合成鲍玛序列的AE、BE、ACE、BCE和CE等。依据研究区轴向重力流水道沉积特征,将其划分成近源和远源水道、近源和远源水道侧源等4个微相,并描述了这4个微相的沉积特征,建立了沉积模式。油气勘探实践表明,重力流水道砂体是我国东部陆相断陷湖盆中重要的油气勘探新目标,它具有良好的储集物性,并含有丰富的油气。     

含硫稀土配合物Et_2NH_2[Nd(S_2CNEt_2)_4]的合成、结构和性质

配合物Et_2NH_2 [Nd(S_2CNEt_2)_4]的晶体属三斜晶系,空间群为P_1,a=10.161(2) ,b=11.342(1) ,c=18.339(2) ,α=81.57(1)~0,β=106.03(0)~0,γ=116.61(0)~0,V=1815.4 (?)~3,z=2,F(000)=838,μ=156.876cm~(-1),D_(cal)=1.484g·cm~(-3),D_■=1.484g·cm~(-3)。配阴离子中,4个配体通过8个S原子与Nd原子配位形成四方反棱柱型的配位多面体结构。此外,还通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、摩尔电导和差热一热重等分析方法对该配合物的性质进行了表征。     

旋转电场中带电费密子的几何相因子

本文讨论了相对论带电费密子(自旋1/2)在均匀旋转电场中的运动,求得了相应的Dirac方程的精确解,还讨论了环境周期变化后的相因子。在缓变场和高能极限下得到一个纯几何的不可积相因子—Berry相因子。这个相因子可以通过实验进行检验。