变形量对Cu-Ni-Si合金再结晶行为的影响

对经过二级变形时效处理后的Cu-Ni-Si合金进行不同变形量的冷变形后,再进行退火处理,研究了变形量对合金抗软化性、再结晶组织和再结晶动力学行为的影响。研究结果表明:再结晶晶粒在晶界处形成,大的变形量能够提高再结晶的形核速率。经40%变形的合金的软化温度为470℃,再结晶温度在550℃左右;在400℃退火时,合金发生再结晶的激活能为162 kJ/mol。再结晶的激活能随变形量的增加而降低,当变形量由40%增至80%时,再结晶激活能由162 kJ/mol降至140 kJ/mol。     

一种分布式网络化数据采集系统的设计

采用以太网控制器ENC28J60,建立一种网络化数据采集的方法,并应用于心电的远程监护系统。详述了系统设计的原理和软硬件的实现方法,采用AVR的ATmega128为主控单片机,能够将测量数据通过TCP/IP协议传输至上位机,实现了心电数据的实时采集与显示。实验例证,该系统具有性能稳定、兼容性强等特点。     

组合超声场下电沉积Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能

在组合超声场下利用电沉积方法制备了Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层,利用扫描电镜分析了复合镀层微观形貌和纳米颗粒含量,测试了复合镀层显微硬度,并考察了复合镀层的摩擦学性能和磨损机理。研究结果表明:组合超声对Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层微观组织、颗粒含量、显微硬度和耐磨性均有影响;与无超声和单一超声相比,在组合超声空化效应和协同效应的影响下,复合镀层晶粒得到进一步细化,组织致密性得到提高,纳米颗粒含量和显微硬度得到提升;组合超声作用下制备的Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层摩擦因数小、磨损率低,表现出优良摩擦学性能。     

基于多种混沌系统的图像加密算法

提出了1种基于Arnold变换和Logistic映射的混沌加密算法,首先将彩色图片3个RGB颜色通道进行分离,再把它们转换成灰度图,然后分别通过不同的方法分别将这3个通道的灰度图像进行置乱或改变灰度值,最后把3个密文组合成RGB模式的密文.对算法进行了密钥空间分析等测试,仿真实验表明:本算法有很好的加密效果和安全性.     

Participative Methodology for Local Development: The Contribution of Engineers Without Borders from Italy and Colombia: Towards the Improvement of Water Quality in Vulnerable Communities

This paper presents a systemic methodology by which engineering is put to use in vulnerable communities through applied technological research and the main results of its application. The methodology presented corresponds to one implemented and designed by two groups of Engineers without Borders in Europe and Latin America, to integrate technical know-how with local context in communities with water problems in Colombia and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The main results of this methodology are related to the improvement of the living conditions of vulnerable groups thanks to the integration of the communities?? knowledge with engineering know-how, leading to autonomous communities and engineering professors and students learning from real life problems to enrich applied sciences.     

Epigenetic regulation of telomere length in mammalian cells by the Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 histone methyltransferases

Telomeres are capping structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes composed of TTAGGG repeats bound to an array of specialized proteins. Telomeres are heterochromatic regions. Yeast and flies with defects in activities that modify the state of chromatin also have abnormal telomere function, but the putative role of chromatin-modifying activities in regulating telomeres in mammals is unknown. Here we report on telomere length and function in mice null with respect to both the histone methyltransferases (HMTases) Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 (called SUV39DN mice). Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 govern methylation of histone H3 Lys9 (H3-Lys9) in heterochromatic regions. We show that primary cells derived from SUV39DN mice have abnormally long telomeres relative to wild-type controls. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis, we found that telomeres were enriched in di- and trimethylated H3-Lys9 but that telomeres of SUV39DN cells had less dimethylated and trimethylated H3-Lys9 but more monomethylated H3-Lys9. Concomitant with the decrease in H3-Lys9 methylation, telomeres in SUV39DN cells had reduced binding of the chromobox proteins Cbx1, Cbx3 and Cbx5, homologs of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1). These findings indicate substantial changes in the state of telomeric heterochromatin in SUV39DN cells, which are associated with abnormal telomere elongation. Taken together, the results indicate epigenetic regulation of telomere length in mammals by Suv39h1 and Suv39h2.     

Unique astrocyte ribbon in adult human brain contains neural stem cells but lacks chain migration

The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a principal source of adult neural stem cells in the rodent brain, generating thousands of olfactory bulb neurons every day. If the adult human brain contains a comparable germinal region, this could have considerable implications for future neuroregenerative therapy. Stem cells have been isolated from the human brain, but the identity, organization and function of adult neural stem cells in the human SVZ are unknown. Here we describe a ribbon of SVZ astrocytes lining the lateral ventricles of the adult human brain that proliferate in vivo and behave as multipotent progenitor cells in vitro. This astrocytic ribbon has not been observed in other vertebrates studied. Unexpectedly, we find no evidence of chains of migrating neuroblasts in the SVZ or in the pathway to the olfactory bulb. Our work identifies SVZ astrocytes as neural stem cells in a niche of unique organization in the adult human brain.     

What’s new in the renin-angiotensin system?

No abstract.  .