基于“原型范畴”的英汉双关对比研究

“pun”和“双关”长期以来被视为英汉两种语言中对应的修辞格,事实上,这两种修辞格并非完全对等。通过运用原型范畴理论,探讨了“pun”和“双关”各自的典型用法和非典型用法,通过对比剖析了这两种修辞格的主要异同。     

褪黑素对铝致痴呆模型大鼠空间学习记忆的影响

目的:观察褪黑素对铝致痴呆模型大鼠空间学习记忆的影响,探讨褪黑素改善铝致痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆功能障碍的作用.方法:用腹腔注射三氯化铝的方法建立大鼠学习记忆障碍模型,并用褪黑素进行实验性治疗.采用Morris水迷宫方法测试各组大鼠空间学习记忆能力的改变.结果:大鼠经多次训练后,各组大鼠逃避潜伏期均呈缩短趋势,此现象表明大鼠空间学习记忆能力随训练次数增加而有所增强.但是大鼠在染铝后40、45、50、55、60 d逃避潜伏期明显大于生理盐水对照组,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而用褪黑素治疗组在染铝后40、45、50、55、60d逃避潜伏期明显小于模型组,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).在40、50、60 d的时间段中,褪黑素治疗组穿环系数明显大于痴呆模型组(P<0.01).结论:褪黑素对铝致痴呆模型大鼠学习记忆功能障碍有明显的改善作用.     

风、浪、流联合作用下系统系泊力的时域计算方法

为解决海洋工程中系泊系统在风、浪、流联合作用下系泊力的计算问题 ,在时域内建立了一种计算防风水鼓系泊系统系泊力的方法。在分析波浪荷载时 ,使用了设计波法和非线性 Stokes五阶波 ,并由经验公式求出了船舶的风、流作用力。由准静态方法计算了初始条件后 ,在忽略了锚链和水鼓动态效应对船舶运动的影响的条件下 ,求解了系泊力和船舶的运动时历。再由二维集中质量法建立了锚链和水鼓的数学模型 ,用 Houbolt方法求解了锚链和水鼓的运动方程 ,并对系泊力进行了修正。模拟计算结果与经验公式计算结果吻合较好 ,且模拟计算的时域特征表现突出 ,建立的时域计算方法可用于防风水鼓系泊系统的系泊力计算     

A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase

Grain weight is one of the most important components of grain yield and is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs) derived from natural variations in crops. However, the molecular roles of QTLs in the regulation of grain weight have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of GW2, a new QTL that controls rice grain width and weight. Our data show that GW2 encodes a previously unknown RING-type protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is known to function in the degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Loss of GW2 function increased cell numbers, resulting in a larger (wider) spikelet hull, and it accelerated the grain milk filling rate, resulting in enhanced grain width, weight and yield. Our results suggest that GW2 negatively regulates cell division by targeting its substrate(s) to proteasomes for regulated proteolysis. The functional characterization of GW2 provides insight into the mechanism of seed development and is a potential tool for improving grain yield in crops.     

A Novel Networked Predictive Control Method for Systems with Random Communication Constraints

This paper presents a novel observer-based predictive control method for networked systems where random network-induced delays, packet disorders and packet dropouts in both feedback and forward channels are considered. The proposed method has three significant features: i) A concept of destination-based lumped(DBL) delay is introduced to represent the combined effects of random communication constraints in each channel; ii) in view of different natures of the random DBL delays in the feedback and forward channels, different compensation schemes are designed; and iii) it is actual control inputs rather than predicted ones that are employed to generate future control signals based on the latest system state estimate available in the controller. For the resulting closed-loop system, a necessary and sufficient stability condition is derived, which is less conservative and also independent of random communication constraints in both channels. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Model Averaging Multistep Prediction in an Infinite Order Autoregressive Process

The key issue in the frequentist model averaging is the choice of weights. In this paper, the authors advocate an asymptotic framework of mean-squared prediction error(MSPE) and develop a model averaging criterion for multistep prediction in an infinite order autoregressive(AR(∞)) process.Under the assumption that the order of the candidate model is bounded, this criterion is proved to be asymptotically optimal, in the sense of achieving the lowest out of sample MSPE for the samerealization pred...     

一维β-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam纳米单原子链中非线性参数作用的研究

运用发展的Ford-Kac-Mazur方法对一维β-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam纳米单原子链的运动方程进行了简化.通过数值计算,对系统在非线性相互作用下的傅里叶热传输定律进行了修正,同时对奇偶原子数晶格系统的局域能量密度进行了比较,发现奇数原子系统中明显存在离散呼吸子.     

高校学生教学信息员制度的再反思

学生教学信息员制度是学生民主参与高校管理的重要形式,在我国高校中已普遍实施,但随着其不断发展,这一制度在具体实施过程中仍然存在一些问题,也不断有新问题出现。本文针对存在的问题,提出从思想认识、队伍建设、信息反馈渠道和奖惩机制等四个方面来优化高校学生教学信息员制度。     

轴流压气机低速模化设计的叶片造型

为了提高航空发动机高压压气机的气动性能,需要对高速压气机进行低速模化设计以开展试验研究.选取高压压气机后面级作为研究对象,给出了高压压气机低速模化设计的相似准则和模化设计流程,为低速模化设计提供了可以借鉴的准则.针对高速原型压气机设计工况点,制定模化设计目标,完成几何变换、通流设计、叶片造型及数值模拟.重点研究了叶片造...     

Er3+掺杂LiFePO4正极材料的制备与性能

采用固相法合成了Er3+掺杂的试样,利用X射线衍射分析、四探针、电化学阻抗谱和充放电性能测试,探讨了掺杂位置及掺杂量对材料的晶体结构、电子电导率和电化学性能的影响.结果表明:铁位掺杂效果优于锂位掺杂,少于摩尔分数为3%的Er3+掺杂并未改变材料的晶体结构,但改善了材料的微观结构,电子电导率提高了4个数量级,1℃倍率下放电容量为103.47 mAh/g,比未掺杂试样提高了22.28%,Er3+掺杂改善了材料的比容量、循环性能及倍率性能.