New occurrences and host records for two species of parasitic isopods (Isopoda,Cymothoida, Bopyridae) associated with caridean shrimps (Decapoda,Caridea) from Brazil

ABSTRACT

Two species of bopyrid isopods of the Bopyrinae subfamily are recorded from new localities and hosts in northeastern Brazil. Parabopyrella lata (Nierstrasz and Brender à Brandis, 1929) was recorded from the state of Ceará, found for the first time parasitising the caridean shrimp Alpheus packardii Kingsley, 1880. In addition, Probopyrus cf. pandalicola (Packard, 1879) is recorded from the state of Bahia, parasitising the palaemonid shrimp Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898). Taxonomic comments are provided for each species.     

碳素纤维布加固混凝土结构技术的工程应用

对碳素纤维布加固混凝土结构技术在工程应用中的质量影响关键因素进行了探讨,对今后的研究开展和工程应用进行了展望。     

态势估计--概念、内容与方法

介绍了数据融合概念。完整地提出了战场态势估计的概念、应包含的内容、态势元素的分类以及态势估计的处理过程,描述了态势要素与态势估计的相互关系,并建立了态势估计处理5项功能与信息流程,描述了功能之间的相互关系。介绍了实现态势估计的方法和技术,并分析了其适用类型及其优缺点。     

Cardano and the gambler’s habitus

Cardano’s Liber de ludo aleae is subjected to a reappraisal based largely on considerations of practice in the 16th century gambling arena. It is argued that Cardano’s purported failure to secure the foundations of a rigorous probability calculus can be explained as something that occurred precisely because of his gambling exposure, not in spite of it.     

科技期刊审稿人应维护现有学术范例还是引导未来科技发展

本刊2005年第5期发表的冯长根教授“学术期刊编辑应该承担起科技创新的历史责任”一文,在国内外引起了反响。远在美国的一位物理学家法瑞斯·E·威廉斯先生专门发来电子邮件对此问题进行讨论,并发表了自己的意见。本刊特将此信翻译发表,以期引起更多读者关注并参与讨论,促使我国科技期刊在科技创新中发挥更大的作用。     

基于DSMC方法的涡轮分子泵跨流态抽气性能研究

基于直接模拟蒙特卡洛(DSMC)方法,可以计算获得涡轮分子泵叶列在不同稀薄气体流态下的抽气性能.通过改变涡轮叶列旋转速度、气体入口结构尺寸及被抽气体温度等参数,能够得到涡轮分子泵最大抽气效率和最大压缩比的变化情况.比较各参数在不同流态下对抽气性能的影响程度,并计算不同流态下涡轮叶列返流的变化.计算得出增大叶片速度在分子流态下对涡轮分子泵性能的提升最为明显,缩小气体入口面积可以提升涡轮分子泵压缩比等结论.从而为提升涡轮分子泵抽气性能提供了手段,拓展了涡轮分子泵的工作范围.     

从国际货币体系改革趋势看中国金融发展战略

经过金融危机的冲击后,如何改革现有的国际货币体系成为国际金融界关注的重要课题,不同的经济体从各自的利益出发,提出了不同的改革意见和建议。从国际货币体系所主要包含的储备货币体系、国际收支平衡调节和国际资本流动等视角看,这些改革的设想从不同角度分析了现有的国际货币体系改革的潜在趋势。中国应当根据这些新的趋势,设定新的国际环境下的金融发展战略。     

The structural basis for autonomous dimerization of the pre-T-cell antigen receptor

The pre-T-cell antigen receptor (pre-TCR), expressed by immature thymocytes, has a pivotal role in early T-cell development, including TCR β-selection, survival and proliferation of CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative thymocytes, and subsequent αβ T-cell lineage differentiation. Whereas αβTCR ligation by the peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complex initiates T-cell signalling, pre-TCR-induced signalling occurs by means of a ligand-independent dimerization event. The pre-TCR comprises an invariant α-chain (pre-Tα) that pairs with any TCR β-chain (TCRβ) following successful TCR β-gene rearrangement. Here we provide the basis of pre-Tα-TCRβ assembly and pre-TCR dimerization. The pre-Tα chain comprised a single immunoglobulin-like domain that is structurally distinct from the constant (C) domain of the TCR α-chain; nevertheless, the mode of association between pre-Tα and TCRβ mirrored that mediated by the Cα-Cβ domains of the αβTCR. The pre-TCR had a propensity to dimerize in solution, and the molecular envelope of the pre-TCR dimer correlated well with the observed head-to-tail pre-TCR dimer. This mode of pre-TCR dimerization enabled the pre-Tα domain to interact with the variable (V) β domain through residues that are highly conserved across the Vβ and joining (J) β gene families, thus mimicking the interactions at the core of the αβTCR's Vα-Vβ interface. Disruption of this pre-Tα-Vβ dimer interface abrogated pre-TCR dimerization in solution and impaired pre-TCR expression on the cell surface. Accordingly, we provide a mechanism of pre-TCR self-association that allows the pre-Tα chain to simultaneously 'sample' the correct folding of both the V and C domains of any TCR β-chain, regardless of its ultimate specificity, which represents a critical checkpoint in T-cell development. This unusual dual-chaperone-like sensing function of pre-Tα represents a unique mechanism in nature whereby developmental quality control regulates the expression and signalling of an integral membrane receptor complex.     

长期动载下级配碎石的塑性变形与临界应力

采用中型动三轴仪,在不同围压、不同动应力条件下,研究了级配碎石基层在长期车辆荷载作用下塑性变形的发展规律和分布状态.结果表明,在围压一定时,随着动应力的增加,级配碎石的塑性变形曲线可分为稳定型、衰减型和破坏型,3类塑性变形的分布确定了2个临界状态;临界动应力随围压线性增加,临界动应力比随围压呈对数递减,且两临界应力比在高围压下有趋同态势;级配碎石的塑性变形与动应力水平为指数关系,稳定临界和破坏临界的动应力水平分别为0.79和1.00;典型路面结构应力分析表明,标准荷载下级配碎石过渡层的应力水平为0.72~0.92,小于破坏临界应力水平,级配碎石在长期荷载作用下的塑性变形处于较稳定状态.     

基于本体的关系型数据库集成与应用

本体越来越多地被用于异构信息的集成。本体整合大体上有三个不同的方向:单本体方法、多本体方法和混合本体方法。提出一个基于混合本体的信息集成框架,此框架能够支持两种查询:基于全局本体的查询和基于局部数据源的查询,且详细地论述了两种类型查询的实现原理和过程。此外,将此框架应用于分布式的数字博物馆中,证明了方法的有效性。