Exact penalty method for the nonlinear bilevel programming problem

In this paper, following the method of replacing the lower level problem with its Kuhn-Tucker optimality condition, we transform the nonlinear bilevel programming problem into a normal nonlinear programming problem with the complementary slackness constraint condition. Then, we get the penalized problem of the normal nonlinear programming problem by appending the complementary slackness condition to the upper level objective with a penalty. We prove that this penalty function is exact and the penalized problem and the nonlinear bilevel programming problem have the same global optimal solution set. Finally, we propose an algorithm for the nonlinear bilevel programming problem. The numerical results show that the algorithm is feasible and efficient.     

聚乙二醇对葛根黄豆苷元体外溶出的影响

以聚乙二醇为载体材料,制备了葛根黄豆苷元固体分散体,采用紫外分光光度法测定其体外溶出度,分别研究了聚乙二醇的相对分子质量、药物和载体的比例和固体分散体的制备方法对药物溶出的影响.实验结果发现:固体分散体中药物的溶出度均高于原料药;药物的溶出度随聚乙二醇相对分子质量的增大而增大、随载体用量提高而增大;不同的固体分散体制备方法对药物的溶出度影响不大.     

多级混沌保密通信系统方案的设计及其噪声干扰的研究

以Lyapunov稳定性理论为基础,针对一系列非扩散混沌系统,提出一种三个不同混沌系统之间的异结构同步方法.就混沌通信问题,提出了一种多级混沌保密通信系统的实现方法,在前两个同步的系统中加密后,利用后两个同步系统再一次加密.通过加入高斯白噪声干扰,对多级混沌保密通信系统进行噪声干扰的分析和计算,并用小波分析理论对加噪信号进行处理.仿真结果表明,有用信号的传输在噪声的干扰下发生畸变,经小波分析理论处理后, 有用信号可以无失真地恢复过来.     

High-resolution climate change in mid-late Holocene on Tianchi Lake,Liupan Mountain in the Loess Plateau in central China and its significance

According to a core from Tianchi Lake, Liupan Mountain in Loess Plateau sediment, fossil pollen assemblages, magnetic suscep-tibility (MS) and color scale were measured based on reliable Abies leaf macrofossils radiocarbon chronology. We recovered a very good high-resolution mid-late Holocene climate change achieve for the transition area of the East Asia monsoon region and northwest arid region. The results show that the basic climate background was in agreement with the records from cave records in monsoon regions in eastern China. Besides, it shows more detailed records in abrupt climate change.     

法律适用的符合性判断——以法律心理学为考察视角

符合性判断是法律适用过程中最具实质性意义的一个环节.依据认知心理学的信息加工模式,法律适用的符合性判断过程可以描述为案件叙事、图式选择、规范发现、过程匹配与结论形成等阶段.在每一阶段中都有众多影响因素的植入,致使符合性判断渗透着很多价值评价,难以纯粹依赖逻辑推理来完成.     

Evolution of prehistoric agriculture in central Gansu Province,China: A case study in Qin’an and Li County

This study, based on environmental archaeological studies focused on Qin’an County and Li County in Gansu Province, China, shows that during 8–7.3 ka BP few cultivated crop seeds were found. After 6.4 ka BP, during the Banpo period, many crop seeds appeared, indicating the development of agriculture. Millet agriculture in this area appeared and flourished a little later than in the Central Plain of China. Climate change is an important factor that influenced the development of agriculture in this area. The rapid expansion of agriculture during late Yangshao and Changshan benefited from the humid and warm climate in the mid-Holocene, especially the emergence of rice. After 4 ka BP, climate became drier, and agriculture began to decline. So Siwa Culture is char-acterized by pastoral economy, until the Eastern Zhou period, agriculture began to recover, when wheat and barley appeared in Li County, indicating diversification of agriculture of this time.     

预压装配式预应力混凝土框架梁端延性特征及耗能能力

文章通过一榀一跨三层预压装配式预应力混凝土框架在低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,探讨了预压装配式预应力混凝土框架梁端的受力性能、滞回曲线、延性特征及耗能能力等抗震性能。试验研究表明,框架梁端组合截面发生弯曲破坏时,梁截面中和轴位置稳定,截面变形符合平截面假定;梁端截面仅依靠预应力筋承受弯矩,截面延性系数在3.64~5.62之间,具有较好的转动能力和延性;在跨中竖向荷载持续作用下,梁端负弯矩产生的曲率恢复滞后,残余变形产生积累效应。     

高压共轨系统高压泵试验台轨压控制方法

针对高压泵性能检测系统对轨压控制精度要求比实际车用系统高得多的情况,分析了共轨高压泵性能检测的要求,采用压力控制阀代替喷油器,避免了喷油器喷油产生的轨压波动和流量脉动对测试精度的影响.建立了试验台轨压控制模型,研究了轨压控制策略,以可驱动压力控制阀的试验控制器代替电控单元(ECU).根据系统的特点设计了以TMS320LF2407 数字信号处理器(DSP)为核心,采用模糊自整定PID控制算法的数字控制器.经试验验证,流量控制阀的电流控制误差小于0.2%,试验台轨压控制误差小于0.4%,满足了高压泵性能检测的要求.     

辣根过氧化物酶活性的电化学研究

将辣根过氧化酶固定在铜电极的表面制成酶电极,利用循环伏安法从pH值、富集时间、H2O2浓度三方面寻求酶活性的最佳条件,得出pH=6.7,富集时间为25 min时,酶的活性最大,且H2O2浓度在1.0×10-4~4.0×10-3mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系.     

应急管理中的机构弹性评估模型研究

应急机构是处置突发事件,缓解公共安全压力的首要力量。对其能力的评估是应急管理中的一个重要主题,有助于识别机构缺陷并提供有益信息以改善城市或区域整体应急能力。本文介绍了机构弹性的概念,基于其影响因素的分析,提出了一个定量的机构弹性评估模型。最后案例分析显示了模型在计算和比较应急机构弹性方面的有效性。