Simultaneous mineralization of CO2 and recovery of soluble potassium using earth-abundant potassium feldspar

CO2 capture and storage(CCS) is an important strategy in combatting anthropogenic climate change.However,commercial application of the CCS technique is currently hampered by its high energy expenditure and costs.To overcome this issue,CO2 capture and utilization(CCU) is a promising CO2 disposal method.We,for the first time,developed a promising method to mineralize CO2 using earth-abundant potassium feldspar in order to effectively reduce CO2 emissions.Our experiments demonstrate that,after adding calcium chloride hexahydrate as an additive,the K-feldspar can be transformed to Ca-silicates at 800 C,which can easily mineralize CO2 to form stable calcium carbonate and recover soluble potassium.The conversion of this process reached 84.7%.With further study,the pretreatment temperature can be reduced to 250 C using hydrothermal method by adding the solution of triethanolamine(TEA).The highest conversion can be reached 40.1%.The process of simultaneous mineralization of CO2 and recovery of soluble potassium can be easily implemented in practice and may provide an economically feasible way to tackle global anthropogenic climate change.     

商科院校基础化学实验教学体系创新探讨

在实验室管理体系创新、实践教学体系创新两个方面介绍了哈尔滨商业大学化学中心多年来创建的以＂一体化、多层次、开放式＂为主线的实践教学体系的人才培养模式。     

Glucose sensing by POMC neurons regulates glucose homeostasis and is impaired in obesity

A subset of neurons in the brain, known as 'glucose-excited' neurons, depolarize and increase their firing rate in response to increases in extracellular glucose. Similar to insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells, glucose excitation of neurons is driven by ATP-mediated closure of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels. Although beta-cell-like glucose sensing in neurons is well established, its physiological relevance and contribution to disease states such as type 2 diabetes remain unknown. To address these issues, we disrupted glucose sensing in glucose-excited pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons via transgenic expression of a mutant Kir6.2 subunit (encoded by the Kcnj11 gene) that prevents ATP-mediated closure of K(ATP) channels. Here we show that this genetic manipulation impaired the whole-body response to a systemic glucose load, demonstrating a role for glucose sensing by POMC neurons in the overall physiological control of blood glucose. We also found that glucose sensing by POMC neurons became defective in obese mice on a high-fat diet, suggesting that loss of glucose sensing by neurons has a role in the development of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism for obesity-induced loss of glucose sensing in POMC neurons involves uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), a mitochondrial protein that impairs glucose-stimulated ATP production. UCP2 negatively regulates glucose sensing in POMC neurons. We found that genetic deletion of Ucp2 prevents obesity-induced loss of glucose sensing, and that acute pharmacological inhibition of UCP2 reverses loss of glucose sensing. We conclude that obesity-induced, UCP2-mediated loss of glucose sensing in glucose-excited neurons might have a pathogenic role in the development of type 2 diabetes.     

凤凰座SX型变星CY Aqr光变周期长期变化研究的新进展

通过对凤凰座SX型变星CY Aqr的观测测定了2个新的光变极大时刻,并利用文献中光变曲线资料得出了3个新的光变极大时刻.结合已发表的数据点,拟合得出新的极大时刻计算公式,并作出了O-C图.用新的数据检验现有的两种解释该星周期变化的理论表明轨道光时效应模型更为合理.     

投影矩阵分解定理的一种证明

利用初等矩阵理论方法,证明了投影矩阵分解定理．此定理是研究复杂系统的基础定理．对称分析理论和正交分析理论是研究复杂系统的基本理论,而矩阵象是研究对称性和正交性的主要工具．此定理的主要作用是研究处理矩阵象的运算规律,这些规律是提出的GL算法、零成分搜索法、对称性全局方差分析、正交性全局方差分析等新方法的数学基础．     

基于模糊梯度的微齿轮图像边缘检测算法

提出一种基于模糊梯度思想的微齿轮图像边缘检测算法.该算法采用正切归一化函数对灰度图像模糊化,并计算该模糊图像的梯度矩阵;采用正弦函数对梯度矩阵进一步模糊化得到模糊梯度矩阵;采用基于归一化实数编码的遗传算法来搜索最优的阈值λ对模糊梯度矩阵做截集,获取图像边缘点集合.实验中以不同微齿轮图像作为实验对象,测试了该算法性能.实验结果表明,该算法的检测精度优于10μs,检测时间基本为1s,整体性能优于Canny算法和Pal-King算法.     

应用邻接多重表存储结构的配电网可靠性评估算法

结合复杂配电网的特点,提出基于邻接多重表的复杂配电网可靠性评估分块算法。首先给出适合于配电网数据存储的邻接多重表构造方法及存储结构,解决了网络搜索的空间、时间复杂度问题。基于此提出配电网前推回代潮流计算方法及配电网可靠性评估的分块形成算法。该算法可使配电网潮流计算与可靠性评估分块算法采用同种存储结构,简化了配电网可靠性计算程序的编制,并可节省计算时间。应用该算法对RBTS-BUS6及实际工程系统进行了可靠性评估,算例表明该算法可有效减少计算时间,具有较高的工程实用价值。     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1基因的克隆及原核表达

克隆、表达和纯化禽流感病毒H5N1 NS1基因序列,为筛选与NS1相互作用的宿主蛋白以及深入研究NS1蛋白的功能打下基础.根据GenBank中收录的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1基因序列,设计并合成一对特异性引物,利用RT-PCR方法扩增AIV NS1基因,将酶切处理后的基因片段定向克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a载体上,经酶切分析及序列测定正确后,鉴定出NS1基因的阳性重组子.阳性质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,用1 mmol/L IPTG诱导表达,表达产物进行SDS-PAGE检测,获得预期蛋白的表达,通过Ni-NTA树脂蛋白纯化系统对NS1蛋白进行纯化.结果成功克隆H5N1亚型AIV的NSl基因,其核苷酸序列长度为678 bp,重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中可以高效表达,SDS-PAGE显示其相对分子质量与预计大小一致,表达产物在上清及包涵体中均有表达.经纯化,目的蛋白纯度高达90%,成功表达纯化出28KD的NS1融合蛋白并鉴定其免疫学活性.成功克隆和表达了禽流感病毒H5N1 NS1基因序列,为进一步研究NS1蛋白的生物学功能奠定了坚实基础.     

PIF同步荧光猝灭法测定Ga(Ⅲ)

建立了显色剂胡椒基荧光酮(PIF)同步荧光猝灭法测定镓的新方法.实验表明:在CPB存在下,于pH值为6.0的六次甲基四胺-HCl缓冲溶液中,随着Ga的加入,PIF的同步荧光光谱峰λex=495 nm(Δλ=50 nm)发生猝灭.猝灭程度与Ga的浓度成正比,线性范围为0~0.6μg/mL,检测限为82.6 ng/mL.方法简单、快速,用于合成样品中微量镓的测定,结果满意.     

使用Bayes方法识别股市变结构模型

为了使用边际似然函数进行模型变点的有效识别,通过使用变结构模型和Monte Carlo方法,对波动率模型中的变点进行了判断。通过对中国股票市场的波动性进行分析,识别出中国证券市场的4个变点。实证结果表明:中国股票市场从成立以来,一共经历了5个阶段,分别是1990年12月到1991年秋、1991年秋到1992年中、1992年中到1997年中、1997年中到2002年春、2002年春至今。研究发现,中国证券市场结构发生变化与股票市场价格波动无关,而与中国证券市场不断发展和完善息息相关。