Chaperone-like activity of the AAA domain of the yeast Yme1 AAA protease

The AAA domain, a conserved Walker-type ATPase module, is a feature of members of the AAA family of proteins, which are involved in many cellular processes, including vesicular transport, organelle biogenesis, microtubule rearrangement and protein degradation. The function of the AAA domain, however, has not been explained. Membrane-anchored AAA proteases of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells comprise a subfamily of AAA proteins that have metal-dependent peptidase activity and mediate the degradation of non-assembled membrane proteins. Inactivation of an orthologue of this protease family in humans causes neurodegeneration in hereditary spastic paraplegia. Here we investigate the AAA domain of the yeast protein Yme1, a subunit of the iota-AAA protease located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. We show that Yme1 senses the folding state of solvent-exposed domains and specifically degrades unfolded membrane proteins. Substrate recognition and binding are mediated by the amino-terminal region of the AAA domain. The purified AAA domain of Yme1 binds unfolded polypeptides and suppresses their aggregation. Our results indicate that the AAA domain of Ymel has a chaperone-like activity and suggest that the AAA domains of other AAA proteins may have a similar function.     

p53在肿瘤中的抑制和促进功能

什么是p53?现在认为p53基因在人类肿瘤发生过程中起着重要作用。野生型p53基因的功能是抑制异常细胞生长及向恶性状态发展。然而,一个点突变就可以使p53变成为细胞增殖和肿瘤发生的促进剂。本文将重点阐述有关p53基因对细胞增殖发挥功能效应的两个问题。首先,在正常细胞对生长刺激产生应答过程中野生型p53基因的抑制效应是如何被解除的?其次,野生型和突变型p53等位基因是如何发挥对细胞增殖抑制和促进这两个相对立的效应的?     

波浪——变幻莫测的科学

波浪的哲学波浪在海天之间漫舞,潮起潮落,风吹浪涌,惊涛拍岸。它能发人深思,也能带来可怕灾难,波浪能在一夜之间使一个海滩消失,而到了第二年的春天又造出一个新的海滩,波浪,以它的浪漫,它的永恒,向人们展示着不凡魅力,十九世纪的诗人约翰·济慈曾为厌世的眼睛开过药方;让它们尽情享受大海的宽广……,那将是一幅变幻无穷的风景;从所谓"无风不起浪"的微波直到巨大的海啸。     

绿色产品的开发与设计

绿色产品又称环境意识产品(Environment Conscious Product),它是指既能够满足用户的功能要求,又能在其寿命循环过程中节省资源和能源,减少或消除环境污染,并对劳动者(生产者和使用者)健康具有良好保护作用的产品.大力研发绿色产品是我国企业实现可持续发展的必由之路.本文拟对绿色产品的开发研制进行初步探讨,以起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

人才，国家重要的创新资本——《创新美国》关于人才的政策建议

把人才问题作为创新政策中的首要问题来研究,表明美国对创新人才,尤其是肩负起塑造未来竞争力的下一代人才的关注。正如NII所指出,“美国的就业者及其家庭,无论在当前还是未来,都将是实施国家创新倡议的主导力量”。具体而言,NII将知识创造、教育、培训以及为劳动力提供必需的支持作为创新人才队伍建设的主要任务,并将“夯实科学家和工程师队伍的根基”、“催化和激活下一代的创新者”以及“确保就业者成功应对经济全球化的挑战”作为核心环节。夯实科学家和工程师队伍的根基NII认为,国家的创新能力在相当大程度上倚重于提出创意并将其…     

Preconditioned method in parallel computation

1.INTRODUCTIONDecreasing the ti mes of communication andincreasingthe rate of it in the whole domain is very i mportantfor i mproving the rate of parallel computation in de-composed domain.Preconditioned technology hasbeen used widelyin this area[1]because it can changethe mode of communication andi mprove the topologi-cal configuration.Orthogonalization is a perfect pre-conditionedtechnology,but it isi mpossibleto orthog-onalize entirely for the large workload of computationand effect of …     

创新，是一个复杂的生态系统

本文是《创新美国》系列解读的第三篇,重点分析创新生态系统构成的框架及其要素相互作用的机理。研究认为,创新不是一个线性和机械的过程,而是一个复杂的、动态的生态系统;创新产生的动力源于生态系统构成要素间的相互作用。