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101.
量子力学是当前物理学及其相关科学的重要科学分支,也是当前许多新科学技术中的重要应用的基础。本书包含了现代新科学技术工程师所需要的量子力学方面的新材料,如研究和了解原子核、原子、分子和固体材料,以及激光器和其他量子光学器件所需要的科学资料等。 相似文献
102.
P. Levy G. Cherqui A. Robert D. Wicek J. Picard 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1989,45(6):588-591
Summary During the spontaneous differentiation (day 5 to day 15 of the culture) of Caco-2 cells, the sulfation of cell layer glycosaminoglycans increased, whereas protein kinase C activity was concomitantly redistributed from the membrane to the cytosol. The protein kinase C activators, 4-phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate and 1,2-dioctanoyl-glycerol inhibited glycosaminoglycan sulfation. By contrast, 4-phorbol 12, 13 didecanoate was ineffective.These results suggest that membrane-bound PKC may exert a modulatory effect on glycosaminoglycan sulfation, and this effect is gradually attenuated as Caco-2 cell differentiation progresses. 相似文献
103.
T. Hatano Y. Kato M. Katayama S. Marumo 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1989,45(4):400-402
Summary A new potent antiauxin, -(5,7-dichloroindole-3-)isobutyric acid has been synthesized and shown to inhibit auxin-mediated elongation ofAvena coleoptiles and to stimulate root growth of rice seedlings. Its activity is stronger than -(p-chlorophenoxy)isobutyric acid and is comparable to that of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, which are typical antiauxins. 相似文献
104.
Chemical ecology of oviposition in phytophagous insects 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J. A. A. Renwick 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1989,45(3):223-228
Summary Selection of a suitable site for oviposition by phytophagous insects is critical for successful development of the offspring. The behavioral events leading to oviposition are mediated to a large extent by chemical cues associated with potential host plants. Orientation and landing are primarily guided by volatile constituents of a plant, whereas assessment of a leaf surface depends on contact stimuli. Chemical mechanisms that ensure adequate spacing of progeny on limited resources include the production of oviposition-deterring pheromones as well as recognition of plant constituents released as a result of previous damage. Perception of chemical cues that affects oviposition involves receptors on antennae, tarsi, mouthparts or the ovipositor. Complex behavior such as tarsal drumming or stem runs may serve to provide increased receptor contact with chemical stimuli. Abiotic and biotic environmental factors often influence the production or release of behavior-modifying chemicals by a plant, and therefore affect oviposition preferences. Plant chemistry may be involved in associative learning, but may also lead to mistakes. Thus a clear correlation between oviposition preference and offspring success does not always exist. 相似文献
105.
A. Alkofahi J. K. Rupprecht D. L. Smith Ch. -J. Chang J. L. McLaughlin 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1988,44(1):83-85
Summary Using brine shrimp lethality for activity-directed fractionation, goniothalamicin (I), a new tetrahydroxy-mono-tetrahydrofuran fatty acid -lactone (acetogenin), has been isolated from ethanolic extracts of the stem bark ofGoniothalamus giganteus Hook. f., Thomas (Annonaceae). This novel compound was found to be cytotoxic and insecticidal and inhibited the formation of crown gall tumors on potato discs. Annonacin (II), the only other reported mono-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, was also isolated; the previously reported 9ASK (astrocytoma reversal) activity ofII was confirmed, andII is now also found to be weakly active against 3PS murine leukemia. 相似文献
106.
Summary Zn2+ (10–100 M) elevated the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (MEPPs) in the mouse diaphragm. The effect did not depend on external Ca2+. Botulinum type A toxin (BTXA, 50 ng/ml) abolished MEPPs almost completely within 30 min. Zn2+ (100 M) restored MEPPs and increased their frequency after they had been abolished by BTXA in Ca2+-free solutions. The antagonistic effect of Zn2+ in the Ca2+-free solution was reduced by exposing the diaphragm to the toxin in the Ca2+-free solutions containing high K+. Thus, the action of BTXA is probably enhanced by depolarization of the motor nerve terminals. 相似文献
107.
Submarine hot springs and the origin of life 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The discovery of hydrothermal vents at oceanic ridge crests and the appreciation of their importance in the element balance of the oceans is one of the main recent advances in marine geochemistry. It is likely that vents were present in the oceans of the primitive Earth because the process of hydrothermal circulation probably began early in the Earth's history. Here we examine the popular hypothesis that life arose in these vents. This proposal, however, is based on a number of misunderstandings concerning the organic chemistry involved. An example is the suggestion that organic compounds were destroyed on the surface of the early Earth by the impact of asteroids and comets, but at the same time assuming that organic syntheses can occur in hydrothermal vents. The high temperatures in the vents would not allow synthesis of organic compounds, but would decompose them, unless the exposure time at vent temperatures was short. Even if the essential organic molecules were available in the hot hydrothermal waters, the subsequent steps of polymerization and the conversion of these polymers into the first organisms would not occur as the vent waters were quenched to the colder temperatures of the primitive oceans. 相似文献
108.
109.
E. Flückiger U. Briner B. Clark A. Closse A. Enz P. Gull A. Hofmann R. Markstein L. Tolcsvai H. R. Wagner 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1988,44(5):431-436
Summary The profile of action in animals of CQP 201-403, a novel 8-amino-ergoline, is in most aspects that of a very potent dopaminomimetic, both as a prolactin secretion inhibitor, and at the levels of the CNS and the cardiovascular system. Qualitatively CQP 201-403 differs slightly from bromocriptine and apomorphine in its effects on the CNS (no influence on serotonin metabolism in the rat cortex; induction of masculine mounting behavior in rats) and the cardiovascular system of the dog (reflex tachycardia in response to a blood-pressure fall). In man the new compound proved to be highly active in lowering prolactin serum levels and to be more potent than bromocriptine (Parlodel®).In memory of Dr Annemarie Closse, who died 14 June 1987. 相似文献
110.
Free R value: a novel statistical quantity for assessing the accuracy of crystal structures 总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32
Brünger AT 《Nature》1992,355(6359):472-475
The determination of macromolecular structure by crystallography involves fitting atomic models to the observed diffraction data. The traditional measure of the quality of this fit, and presumably the accuracy of the model, is the R value. Despite stereochemical restraints, it is possible to overfit or 'misfit' the diffraction data: an incorrect model can be refined to fairly good R values as several recent examples have shown. Here I propose a reliable and unbiased indicator of the accuracy of such models. By analogy with the cross-validation method of testing statistical models I define a statistical quantity (R(free) (T) that measures the agreement between observed and computed structure factor amplitudes for a 'test' set of reflections that is omitted in the modelling and refinement process. As examples show, there is a high correlation between R(free) (T) and the accuracy of the atomic model phases. This is useful because experimental phase information is usually inaccurate, incomplete or unavailable. I expect that R(free) (T) will provide a measure of the information content of recently proposed models of thermal motion and disorder, time-averaging and bulk solvent. 相似文献